Ranjit Singh Sarban Singh

Technical University of Malaysia Malacca | utem · Department of Electronics & Computer Engineering Technology

In this era 21st century, where modern technology is evolving around society, intelligent and wireless technology application plays an essential polymer in human civilization. Here, one of the materials often used by humans, natural rubber, is a vital raw material used in various home, education, and workplace applications. Along with IR 4.0, conve...

In Malaysia, the grey oyster mushroom is a typical crop and supplemental food. Grading comprises looking over and selecting different mushrooms according to quality, freshness, legal compliance, and market worth to guarantee that this grey oyster mushroom is of high quality when it reaches the buyer. Typically, the mushroom is evaluated and sorted...

Static analysis in FEA is one of the important analysis need to be done in preliminary stage of an engineering design process. It shows the static condition of a design with material used and load applied. This analysis also includes the constraints and other external features that applied during the actual application of the design. In this presen...

In the modern era, artificial intelligence applications have become one of the most essential and prominent aspirations of countries in their various organisations and sectors, especially the education sector, due to the ability of these techniques to help this sector to develop rapidly and increase productivity by imparting scientific material in...

This paper describes Agri-Snaps, an Internet of Things (IoT) agriculture monitoring system designed to improve farmers’ acceptance of using IoT technology in their farm field. Agri-Snaps consists of four dedicated sensor circuit modules that integrate magnetic pogo pin connectors for easier assembly with the controller circuit module. This work inv...

This paper describes about the proposed Internet of things-based electric monitoring system for smart electric meter application which is a supporting device that provides information that can be checked with the actual monthly electricity bill that is provided by the respective energy provider. This system is proposed as currently smart electric m...

This paper presents the development and the performance analysis of the developed model of a voltage-based coordinating controller. This model is developed to perform activities such as sensing, measuring, switching, coordinating, and effectively managing the output voltages produced by the solar-wind renewable energy sources in order to supply the...

The necessity of fault detection and notification has been exploited by the growth of renewable energy systems. The application of fault detection and notification is seen as an effective tool to monitor the performance of renewable energy systems. Looking at the importance of fault detection and notification integration into renewable energy syste...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive and irreversible neurodegenerative disease that requires attentive medical evaluation. Therefore, diagnosing of AD accurately is crucial to provide the patients with appropriate treatment to slow down the progression of AD as well to facilitate the treatment interventions. To date, deep learning by means of...

This paper describes the development of a centralized controller to charge or discharge the battery storages that are connected to renewable energy sources. The centralized controller is able to assist, control, and manage the battery storage charging when excessive power is available from renewable energy sources. At the same time, the centralized...

This paper explains about the development of IoT based Self-Diagnose System for Exit Signage. The developed system is integrated into the Exit Signage System for continuous of the battery’s State of Charge and LED Lighting or Bulb functionality as well as monitors the overall system’s performances. The regulation by Occupational Safety and Health A...

This research explains about the IoT-based data acquisition monitoring system for solar photovoltaic panel for a solar system. The IoT-based data acquisition monitoring system for solar photovoltaic panel consists of four units of thermocouple (TC) sensors integrated with MAX31855 amplifier, one unit of INA 219 DC current/voltage sensor and Raspber...

Integration of solar photovoltaic system with energy storage system such as batteries is always seen as a better way to utilize the available output power from renewable energies. Considering continuous sustainability using batteries, charging-discharging the batteries to store the excessive output from solar photovoltaic panels is an important asp...

Wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of base stations and sensors nodes to monitor physical and environmental conditions. Power consumption is a challenge in WSN due to activities of nodes. High power consumption is required for the main transceiver in WSN to receive communication requests all the time. Hence, a low power wake-up receiver is need...

With the rapid growth of distributed generation currently, DC microgrids energy system structure is being deployed in parallel with, or independently from, the main power grid network. The DC microgrids energy system structure is designed to provide an effective coordination with the aggregating distributed generators, energy storage, and connected...

Solar photovoltaic and wind energy resources are gaining more popularity as an integrated or complementary power system. Integrating or complementing either solar photovoltaic or wind energy would be an ideal to reduce the intermittency when self-intervention from either one of the input resources is performed. The self-intervention plays a vital r...

This paper presents the hardware methodological design and development of health monitoring system for an individual solar module. The proposed system comprises of four units of Thermocouple Sensors-MAX31855 Amplifiers, one INA 219 DC Voltage/Current Sensor, Raspberry Pi Zero Wireless, 16GB Micro SD CARD. The design and development of the proposed...

This paper aims to explain about the implementation of a low-cost wireless monitoring and communication system for an individual solar photovoltaic panel. The proposed system continuously records voltage, current and temperature information for an individual solar photovoltaic panel. This information is used to observe the performance and operation...

Blind or visually impaired people are usually unaware of the danger that they are facing in their daily life. They may face many challenges when performing their daily activity even in familiar environments. This work proposed a smart object detection system based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to provide a smart and safe living for visually...

This paper describes about the research and integration ofloT based solar photovoltaic panel health monitoring system. The proposed system comprises of four thermocouple K-Type sensors each one is connected to adafruitMAX31855 thermocouple amplifier, one INA219 adafruitvoltage/current sensor and Raspberry Pi Zero Wireless. The thermocouple sensors...

Solar Photovoltaic system as one of the renewable energy sources is known as an important alternative that significantly contributes towards the sustaining energy supply in the world. As it is known solar photovoltaic systems produce electricity from the solar radiation which is available from the sun. Solar photovoltaic systems are seen as one of...

This paper aims to explain the implementation of a low cost wireless monitoring and communication system for an individual solar photovoltaic panel. The proposed system continuously records information and data at an individual solar photovoltaic panel to observe the performance and operation. Each solar photovoltaic panel is installed with a volta...

This paper aims to explain the implementation of a low cost wireless monitoring and communication system for an individual solar photovoltaic panel. The proposed system continuously records information and data at an individual solar photovoltaic panel to observe the performance and operation. Each solar photovoltaic panel is installed with a volta...

Battery energy storage system is design to continuously supply power when there is deficit of energy generation and production from the hybrid renewable energy system. In other word, the battery energy storage system integrated in the hybrid renewable energy system acts as an uninterrupted power supply for such kind of systems. Therefore, a strateg...

This paper explained about the functionality of designed and developed fault detection system for an electrical pole’s components. The proposed system aims to accelerate the maintenance process when any component attached to the electrical pole is detected faulty. Hence, the designing and development of the proposed project includes integrating of...

Integration of photovoltaic system with battery energy storage system is always seen as a better way to utilize the available energy from renewable energies. Considering continuous sustainable battery charging discharging using the solar photovoltaic, this study proposes hierarchical switching charging discharging system for solar photovoltaic syst...

Tunability in RF front-end improves the link quality by maintaining low VSWR in operating environment through correcting the impedance to counteract the sudden impedance change in a user fluctuating operating environment. Introducing tunability to the RF front-end provides great benefits but carries also losses in the impedance network. A large num...

A newly formulated fault detection system for electrical pole components is designed, developed and described in this work. The aim of designing and developing fault detection system is to provide an immediate and effective solution when any part of the electrical of a utility pole component is detected faulty. To solve the problem addressed, propo...

A newly formulated fault detection system for electrical pole components is designed, developed and described in this work. The aim of designing and developing fault detection system is to provide an immediate and effective solution when any part of the electrical of a utility pole component is detected faulty. To solve the problem addressed, propo...

A simple Voltage-Base Self-Intervention technique is introduced in this paper to perform the switching between the connected distributed generation renewable energy sources. The Voltage-Base Self-Intervention technique fetch maximum power from either the solar photovoltaic or wind energy systems under inhomogeneous climate conditions and output sta...

As it is known, Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRESs) development are aimed to increase the productivity and optimize the power generation produced by one or more connected sources. Such HRESs are always integrated with some kind of energy storage systems to satisfy the load demand during the Off-Period condition of the renewable energy sources....

A simple Voltage-Base Self-Intervention technique is introduced in this paper to perform the switching between the connected distributed generation renewable energy sources. The Voltage-Base Self-Intervention technique fetch maximum power from either the solar photovoltaic or wind energy systems under inhomogeneous climate conditions and output sta...

Hybrid Renewable Energy Complementary Systems are gaining popularity as electricity power generation system. The Hybrid Renewable Energy Complementary Systems introductory was to overcome the intermittency during the energy harvesting process. Therefore, solar photovoltaic and wind turbine generator has been seen as one of the most promising Hybrid...

This paper proposes Continuous Battery Monitoring System to identify the battery health and condition. The Continuous Battery Monitoring System is able to detect the battery failure during the early stage of the event. The Continuous Battery Monitoring System will monitor the battery's voltage and current continuously. Measuring the voltage and cur...

This paper proposes Continuous Battery Monitoring System to identify the battery health and condition. The Continuous Battery Monitoring System is able to detect the battery failure during the early stage of the event. The Continuous Battery Monitoring System will monitor the battery's voltage and current continuously. Measuring the voltage and cur...

Motion estimation is a process of estimating the pixels displacement between two successive frames. The most common motion estimation technique used in the modern world is the block based motion estimation method. There are two types of block based motion estimation method which is the fixed block size and variable block size. This paper introduces...

Poor energy management has led to waste of electric power in homes, offices and factories thus leading to higher emission of greenhouse gases. Energy monitoring systems in the past are not enough anymore as they are not capable of adapting to lifestyles of home users. User centricity in energy management is significantly important in order to cater...

The methods in delivering engineering design have gone through evolvement where the effectiveness of conventional methods is decreasing. However The importance of concurrent engineering design approach has tremendously increased due to the ever competitive world today. this is the reason why engineering designers are concern about the methods of de...

An efficient bidirectional charging-discharging switching system for two energy banks application is proposed. The system accepts the regulated charges from the charge controller before storing into the respective energy bank. When extra solar energy is available, the system is able store the energy into the storage bank that is connected to the sy...

An efficient bidirectional charging-discharging switching system for two energy banks application is proposed. The system accepts the regulated charges from the charge controller before storing into the respective energy bank. When extra solar energy is available, the system is able store the energy into the storage bank that is connected to the sy...

This study presents the development of a knowledge-based features recognition system for mechanical parts. The main aim of the research was to concentrate on recognition of rotational features, namely, blind hole, through hole and slanting hole to be used in automatic process planning system. The rule-based technique was applied to recognize rotati...

Sun radiation is known as one of the cleanest energy available and free maintenance on the earth to support the extensive demand for electrical power requirement for large and small scale. This energy is known as most promising renewable energy available during the whole year. This fact has shown a very strong interest among the researchers, indust...

The ability of utilize free resources of energy to generate electricity is one of the major tasks for environmentally research engineers. Numerous researches have been conducted to convert sunlight to direct current through Photovoltaic (PV) system. Nowadays PV research has become a popular study and has gained attention of many engineers and resea...

The paper describes the application of an expert system to develop the carbide cutting tools selection system for computer numerical control (CNC) lathe machine. The aim of the development is to select the optimum tool holder, carbide cutting tools, insert, feed rate, and turning speed for CNC lathe machine. The system is able to select the suitabl...

Surveillance video camera monitoring system has gained a lot of interest among the research community especially in monitoring vehicle speed. Apart from vehicle speed detection, this algorithm can be used to monitor the traffic condition along the road or highway. The existing surveillance video cameras are rarely used to measure the vehicle speed...

A simple block-matching algorithm based on hexagon-diamond search (HEXDS) is proposed in this paper to estimate motion vector parameter. HEXDS is designed based on search points to estimate the motion vector parameter coordinate. The motion vector parameter coordinate point is used as a reference point to analyze the area of interest. HEXDS also ha...

Practically to electrify lighting system electricity supply is a necessity to power the light. Thus, solar energy is known as an alternative source to provide electricity. This paper presents an off-grid system development for house car porch lighting system. Development of the system is composed of photovoltaic panel, environmental sensors, charge...

Images are usually consists of motion translation from one frame to another frame. Motion translation is represented by the pixels value changes based on the pixel density. The motion transition process from one frame to another frame is called motion estimation. Motion estimation is a process to determine the motion vector which represents the mot...

This paper aim to implement an off-grid photovoltaic system for electrifications purposes to an existing bus stop at Melaka, Malaysia. A calculation has been carried out to determine the system size and design, hence also for improving the system design. The system will consists of solar PV panels along with batteries as energy storage, 500 Watt lo...

Electricity bill charges usually dependents on the amount of electricity usage. The increment in the electricity usage will cause the users to pay more. This situation always happens when users are not aware about their growing usage. Hence, a system is needed where it can monitor and measure the electricity usage and update users on the increasing...

This paper presents a study on image pixels via block based technique using block positioning subtraction technique to determine the motion estimation. Motion estimation occurs in areas of interest while processing the video sequences to determine the motion estimation. Due to loading full video sequences the computational cost and the processing t...

This paper describes the first phase of the development process of this project. There are two phases involve in this research work. In the first phase, PROTUES simulation tools were used to design, study and analyze the proposed research work. Results from the simulation will be use as reference to re-design and develop the real-time hardware-base...

Grid and block-based motion vector estimation techniques are proposed for motion tracking in video sequences. The grid technique is referred to the hexagon-diamond pattern. While, block-based technique is referred to 16 × 16 pixels of blocks in a single frame in video sequences. The hexagon and diamond pattern is applied onto the 16 × 16 pixels blo...

To achieve a high compression ratio in coding video data, a method known as Motion Estimation (ME) is often applied to reduce the temporal redundancy between successive frames of a video sequence. One of ME techniques, known as Block Matching Algorithm (BMA), has been widely used in various video coding standards. In recent years, many of these BMA...

Door sensor for automatic lighting control is widely being developed for energy saving and security purposes. An infrared door sensor based on electrical and electronics combinational circuit technology is used to develop the automatic light switching system. The automatic light switching system will lead to energy saving and efficient energy usage...

By applying a hexagon-diamond search (HDS) method to an ultrasound image, the path of an object is able to be monitored by extracting images into macro-blocks, thereby achieving image redundancy is reduced from one frame to another, and also ascertaining the motion vector within the parameters searched. The HDS algorithm uses six search points to f...

Based on the block-matching motion vector estimation techniques, a grid system using the block-based technique is proposed for motion tracking in video sequences. The technique is known as hexagon-diamond grid system (HDGS). The HDGS has a large hexagon and small diamond search pattern based on block-matching motion tracking characteristics. The la...

This paper focuses on application for non-rigid contour tracking in heavily cluttered liquid crystal images. Based on the properties of non-rigid contour movements, cascading image sequences are conducted for contour motion vector estimation using a hexagon-diamond search. This enables retrieving the motion for the failure parts in the crystal imag...