Ranjit Kumar Nadella

• Researcher at Indian Council of Agricultural Research

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) often occur in mixtures, creating complex interactions in humans and other organisms exposed through food. However, the effects of these PAH mixtures at environmentally relevant low concentrations (ERC) on the metabolome have been underexplored. This research investigated the ERC of PAHs in Vembanad estuary b...

Background Ivermectin (IVM) is commonly used for the treatment of parasitic diseases in aquaculture and is administered either through oral or immersion methods, but it lacks regulatory approval. Objective The aim of the present study was to determine the acute oral toxicity of Ivermectin by estimating the 96 h median lethal dose (LD50) using mort...

The aquaculture industry urgently requires effective bacterial disease management strategies, necessitating better regulation of antibiotic application. This study investigated the effects of oral oxolinic acid (OA) administration on Oreochromis niloticus at the recommended dose of 12 mg (1 ×) and overdose of 36 mg (3 ×)/kg biomass/day for 7 consec...

Aquaculture urgently needs improved bacterial disease management, highlighting the importance of regulating antibiotic usage. This study investigated the effects of dietary enrofloxacin (ENF) on Oreochromis niloticus at 10 mg (1×) and 30 mg (3×)/kg biomass/day for 5 days in comparison to the control. The genotoxic effects of ENF were gauged using t...

With the horizontal and vertical growth of intensive aquaculture several antimicrobials, antiparasitics and antifungal drug find their use in finfish and shellfish disease management. However, their non-scientific and unchecked application can intensify disease resistance altering ecological functioning and put a toll on consumer health. To curb su...

Histamine is a significant food quality, safety, and trade issue in the fisheries sector. In the absence of adequate proficiency testing for histamine in India, it was important to organize a proficiency testing (PT) program among 22 food analytical laboratories for the external assessment of proficiency of the laboratories following ISO 17043:2010...

Oxytetracycline (OTC), an approved antibiotic for aquaculture, is under strict control and regulatory endeavour. This study compared the effects of oral administration of graded doses of OTC comprising the therapeutic (80 mg/kg biomass/day), subtherapeutic (40 mg) and overdoses (240, 400 and 800 mg) in male Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fries...

Vibrio alginolyticus is an opportunistic fish pathogen with a potential to cause septicemia and often associated with other Vibrio infections, particularly Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and can pose a significant threat to aquatic health. This study investigated the biochemical and phylogenetic characteristics of V. alginolyticus isolated from various a...

The aim of the experiment was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline dihydrate after a single oral administration of 80 mg kg⁻¹ day⁻¹ in rainbow trout and assess its biosafety at concentration of 80, 240, 400, and 800 mg kg⁻¹ day⁻¹ over 30 days, focusing on various aspects such as effective feed consumption, physiological responses,...

Kuttanad is a unique wetland agriculture system featuring polder-based rice cultivation below sea level. Facing increasing pollution threats from agrochemicals, this FAO-recognized Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS) needs constant monitoring and risk assessment. The present study investigated the seasonal dynamics of agricultur...

The cultivation of tilapias, the third most farmed fish group globally, has been rapidly growing, especially in Southeast Asia. This surge in tilapia farming intensification has led to increased use of antibiotics to control bacterial diseases. This study investigated the safety implications of administering graded doses of enrofloxacin (ENF) at 0...

Background Aquaculture water plays an important role in the dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria during harvest of shrimps. Mitigation of bacteria through discharge is essential to prevent dissemination downstream. Chemical disinfection of culture water is feasible compared to other methods of bacterial inactivation. Objective To study t...

This study explored the potential of quinolone antibiotic drug Oxolinic acid as a safe aquadrug by assessing its withdrawal period in striped catfish.

In response to the heightened risk of bacterial diseases in fish farms caused by increased demand for fish consumption and subsequent overcrowding, researchers are currently investigating the efficacy and residue management of oxolinic acid (OA) as a treatment for bacterial infections in fish. This research is crucial for gaining a comprehensive un...

Drug residue analysis by LC-MS/MS and withdrawal period assessment of antibiotic Oxolinic Acid

Assessment of tissue residue level and withdrawal period of aquadrug oxolinic acid to generate baseline data for safe therapeutic usage

Enrofloxacin, a third-generation fluoroquinolone carboxylic acid derivative, is widely used in the Asian aquaculture sector to control finfish bacterial diseases due to its broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, ease of administration, and lack of cross-resistance with other antimicrobial drugs. The current study determined the pharmacokinetic p...

Cage culture of catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus has evolved as a key fish production technique in India, however it has been plagued by disease invasions, notably parasitic diseases. The goal of this study was to evaluate the biosafety limit of emamectin benzoate in Pangasionodon hypopthalmus at different dose levels in diet. Furthermore, the d...

The present study focused on toestimate the withdrawal period of oxolinic acid, and determineits tissue residue concentration following drug exposure in intensively cultured catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus.Fish, with average body weight of 25±1.8 g were dietary administered with dose rates of 12 (1X) , 36(3X), 60(5X), 120(10X) mg kg −1 body we...

Background Emergence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance is one of the major risks associated with the rampant usage of antibiotics in food-producing animals including aquaculture. Objective To determine Epidemiological Cut-OFF (ECOFF) values of heterotrophic bacterial populations from shrimp culture environment against five different antib...

Seventh pandemic Vibrio choleare O1 El Tor strain is responsible for the on-going pandemic outbreak of cholera globally. This strain evolved from non-pathogenic V. cholerae by acquiring seventh pandemic gene (VC 2346), pandemic Islands (VSP1 and VSP2), pathogenicity islands (VP1 and VP2) and CTX prophage region. The cholera toxin production is main...

Pharmacokinetics and withdrawal period estimation of antibiotic enrofloxacin in catfish

Pharmacokinetics and withdrawal period estimation of antibiotic enrofloxacin in catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus

Saprolegnia is one of the major pathogens in fish. However, to date, there is no effective treatment to control fungal infection in fish. In this study, we determined the minimum inhibitory concentration of five distinct chemical compounds (fluconazole, clotrimazole, copper sulphate, boric acid, and malachite green) against zoospores and hyphae of...

The application of antimicrobials for treating infectious diseases in humans has been carried out since the twentieth century. However, recently there has been a huge surge in the development of resistance by the pathogenic microorganisms toward these antibiotics. This has adversely affected the treatment process and the cost of treatment has also...

Multi-drug resistance (MDR) in bacteria is regarded as an emerging pollutant in different food production avenues including aquaculture. One hundred and sixty out of 2304 bacterial isolates from shrimp farm samples (n = 192) of Andhra Pradesh, India, were MDR. Based on biochemical identification and 16S rRNA sequencing, they were grouped into 35 ba...

Shidal is a traditionally bio-processed fermented fishery product produced from minor carps particularly , Puntius sp. It plays a significant role in the diet of NorthEastern people in India. In Tripura and other NorthEastern states, shidal is consumed as health food by general public. Hygienic processing of shidal has received more attention in re...

Quality issues and regulatory guidelines for fermented fishery products

Shrimp aquaculture is one of the fastest growing food-producing avenues, where antibiotics usage has become an issue of great concern due to the development of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria. A total of 2304 bacterial isolates from 192 samples (sediment, water, shrimp, and source water) from Andhra Pradesh, India were screened. Antibiotic res...

Background Vibrio mimicus is a seafood-borne bacterium involved in incidences of human infections following consumption of raw or undercooked seafood. Regular monitoring of seafood for V.mimicus is necessary for risk assessment and to establish mitigation measures. Methods During the period 2017–2020, a total of 250 samples comprising finfish, she...

The development of a cost effective feed is a necessity for profitable operation of fish farms. One approach towards the reduction of feed cost is the utilization of locally available non-conventional agroindustrial byproducts. In order to assess the potential of sugar industry by-products (press mud and cane molasses) as ingredients in the feed fo...

The prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes in the retail fish markets of the Kerala, India was investigated by screening 227 samples comprising of marine finfish (n=97) shellfish (n=19), ready‐to‐cook fish products (n=47), ready‐to‐eat fish products (n=10), dried fish (n=11) and retail ice (n=43). The prevalence of L. monocytogenes and L. innocua was...

In the present study, aquaculture farm soil was screened for the biosurfactant producing bacteria. Total of 43 distinct morphological colonies were isolated from the farm soil and their biosurfactant production was evaluated by employing different screening methods. Fourteen biosurfactant producing bacterial isolates were selected based on the form...

The draft genome sequence of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) sequence type 39 (ST 39) isolate obtained from the dried ribbonfish of Gujarat, India, is reported here. Staphylococcus -specific genes were present in this MRSA isolate. The whole-genome sequence of this strain contains 2,693 protein-coding genes and 70 RNAs within t...

Abstract The effect of dietary supplementation of probiotic bacterium Bacillus licheniformis on the histopathological changes in Macrobrachium rosenbergii juveniles (4.0 � 0.02 g) challenged with known pathogenic strain of Vibrio alginolyticus are reported. Two isocaloric basal diets supplemented with probiotic bacteria B. licheniformis (1.0 9 109...

The higher incidence of extended spectrum of beta lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) in various community triggers to investigate the ESBL prevalence in seafood and its environment. A total of 24 fish processing effluent samples were collected fortnightly during January 2015–Dec 2015 and screened for ESBL producing E. coli. Twent...

Incidence of CA-MRSA in seafood and its environment was monitored, between 2011 to 2015 and for this purpose a total of 1552 seafood samples were drawn from both retail outlets and fish processing industry that include 379 chilled whole cleaned fish, 308 fresh fish, 614 frozen whole cleaned fish, 124 numbers of processed fish and prawn, 76 water an...