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Publications (387)
Las encuestas de victimización han demostrado ser, con el paso de los años, herramientas válidas y fiables para conocer la evolución, el patrón y la tendencia de la criminalidad, así como para obtener información sobre la prevalencia e incidencia del delito. También para medir aspectos subjetivos tales como el miedo al delito, las estrategias de de...
Scientific evidence suggests that persons deprived of liberty present a series of psychological consequences due to the state of imprisonment. Within the framework of Therapeutic Jurisprudence, a legal paradigm that aims to study the law as a therapeutic agent and which includes the study of psychological variables such as forgiveness and restorati...
The scientific literature supports that practicing positive coparenting leads to the healthy development of children. Consequently, professional interest in parenting and coparenting has experienced significant growth, and evaluating coparenting is crucial in family psychology for establishing action protocols in clinical practice. An instrument hi...
In the field of education, the study of conflict, understood as connatural to people's daily lives, has aroused the interest of researchers, especially during childhood and adolescence, as a factor related to school bullying and antisocial and/or criminal behaviour. Within this framework, this study sets out to analyse the styles of conflict resolu...
Aim:
Child-to-parent offenders (CPOs) are commonly specialist offenders and with high rates of recidivism. Thus, a field study was designed to estimate the prevalence of recidivism in the reference measures of recidivism i.e., dangerousness, risk factors and psychopathy, and compare CPOs with non-child-to-parent juvenile offenders (non-CPOs).
Met...
The present research examines victimization caused by cyberbullying, taking into account the victim's perspective and the aggressor's perspective, in a sample of adolescents. In addition, possible differences between the victimized and non-victimized possible differences between victimized and non-victimized populations in externalizing problems (a...
Aim: Child-to-parent offenders (CPOs) are commonly specialist offenders and with high rates of recidivism. Thus, a field study was designed to estimate the prevalence in the reference measures of recidivism i.e., dangerousness, risk factors and psychopathy, and compare CPOs with non-child-to-parent juvenile offenders. Method: 136 juvenile offenders...
Background and objective: In both the general and specialized population, certain beliefs are held that relate nonverbal communication (NVC) to the probability that a person is telling the truth or lying. However, the evidence indicates that there is no nonverbal indicator or marker that can accurately and reliably discriminate between honest and d...
Different court cases from the 1980s known as the'daycare abuse cases' are reviewed. In these cases, thealleged victims were interviewed with suggestivequestioning, resulting in likely false memories andwrongful convictions. In addition, an Italian case in whicha therapist has recently been convicted related to falsememory controversy is discussed....
La carga de prueba corresponde a la acusación debiendo ser suficiente para enervar el principio de presunción de inocencia. En el caso de los delitos contra la libertad sexual, la carga fundamental se sustenta en las periciales psicológicas de evaluación del testimonio y del daño psicológico que, además, ha de ser cuantificado para su indemnización...
Resumen La Psicología Jurídica de las personas menores de edad es uno de los perfiles del complejo rol de la psicología jurídica. Se puede conceptualizar como el conocimiento psicológico al servicio de la defensa de los derechos de los menores. Esta intervención ha de estar siempre guiada por el mejor interés de estos. Es un ámbito que tiene un lar...
Evaluación del testimonio de menores inmersos en procedimientos judiciales en el ámbito del Derecho Penal Resumen En los procesos penales, la credibilidad del testimonio de los actores implicados, específicamente de la denunciante-víctima, constituye el elemento central para la toma de decisiones de juzgados y tribunales. En el ámbito forense, la o...
Background/aim: Sexual harassment has become a serious social and public health problem in adolescents, causing adverse effects on mental health. Nevertheless, some behaviours arise that, due to their characteristics, might be misinterpreted as sexual harassment. A field study using a survey with non-probabilistic accidental sampling was designed i...
Background/aim: Sexual harassment has become a serious social and public health problem in adolescence, causing adverse effects on mental health. Nevertheless, some behaviours arise that, due to their characteristics, might be misinterpreted as sexual harassment. A field study, a survey with a non-probabilistic accidental sampling, was designed in...
A field study was designed to determine if traffic offenders were characterised by substance-related and addictive disorders and behavioural addictions, and to examine their prevalence in this population. A total of 268 regular drivers (weekly or daily use) participated in the study; 132 incarcerated traffic offenders and 136 drivers with no crimin...
Objective:
The implanting of rich autobiographical false memories is crucial for judicial decision-making, and the forensic evaluation of a testimony. In order to assess this issue, a meta-analytical review of the probability of implanting rich autobiographical false memories was performed.
Method:
A total of 30 primary studies analysing the pro...
The evaluation of the needs of convicts is a critical issue for the design of the intervention. Nonetheless, in the informationreported by convicts in penitentiary evaluation, simulation (malingering) and dissimulation (denial of symptoms, socialdesirability, and both) must be suspected. Thus, a field study with the aim of estimating the prevalence...
The Inventory of Problems–29 (IOP-29) is a 29-item self-administered symptom validity test (SVT) that assesses the credibility of clinical presentations related to posttraumatic stress disorder, depression/anxiety, psychosis, cognitive impairment and combination thereof. To date, no publications have summarized the classification accuracy of the IO...
Background/Objective: Contentious couple breakup is associated to adverse outcomes for couple members and offspring. Parental attitudes towards conflict resolution are a robust predictor of the litigiousness of the breakup. Nonetheless, response bias should be strongly suspected in parental attitude reported in this setting. Thus, a field study wit...
This project contributes to the to the development of the 2030 Agenda. Specifically, it has an impact on the sustainable development goals that promote gender equality, violence prevention and the sustainable development goals that promote gender equality, the prevention of violence and the exercise of women's and children's rights.
The prevalence of traditional bullying victimization has been estimated at around 36%, while that of cyberbullying has been estimated at 15%. The victimization of bullying brings with it harm to mental health that must be compensated for, after a forensic evaluation, by the aggressor or legal guardian. Thus, a meta-analytic review was undertaken wi...
Currently, the use of teaching methodologies active in the teaching-learning process has become more important. In this line, case-based learning is seen as a methodology to develop within the MFP (Master Final Project). The objective of the present study is based on the analysis of the students' perception of learning, as well as the degree of sat...
El estudio de los estilos de gestión y resolución del conflicto en la adolescencia
ha centrado el interés de los investigadores, dada la relación que guarda con
la conducta antisocial y/o delictiva, con el acoso escolar o con la violencia en el noviazgo adolescente. Así, planteamos el presente estudio, con el objetivo de examinar las diferencias de...
El acoso escolar o school bullying se ha identificado en las últimas décadas como un problema de gran magni-tud y en crecimiento que amenaza directamente la salud y el bienestar de los Niños, Niñas y Adolescentes (NNA). Esto ha llevado a los organismos nacionales e internacionales a establecer como objetivo prioritario su erradicación, tal y como p...
Purpose
The literature on the prevalence of child maltreatment is extensive, but studies are required to assess the impact on mental health to enhance the effectiveness of intervention programs.
Method
Thus, a field study was undertaken to evaluate depression, anxiety, and anger in 65 child victims of multiple types of maltreatment.
Results
The r...
Resumen
Objetivo: La eficacia del Reality Monitoring (RM) en el contexto forense ha sido ampliamente estudiada, si bien los resultados obtenidos se encuentran sujetos a la influencia de variables moderadoras. Una variable potencialmente moderadora es el tipo del diseño empleado. Por ello nos planteamos llevar a cabo revisiones meta-analíticas de lo...
Resumen
Objetivo: Se ha diseñado una revisión meta-analítica con el objetivo de poner a prueba las siguientes hipótesis: 1) La probabilidad observada de implantación de falsas memorias claras es significativa; 2) La probabilidad observada de implantación de falsas memorias parciales es significativa; 3) La probabilidad de implantación de una falsa...
INTRODUCCIÓN. El impulso de la mediación y el respaldo normativo a los procedimientos alternativos de resolución de conflictos en la adolescencia ha creado la necesidad de dotar a los profesionales que trabajan en ese ámbito de instrumentos de evaluación, a fin de planificar las estrategias de mediación. Por ello, se diseñó un estudio con el objeti...
INTRODUCCIÓN. La violencia de género ha sido reconocida como una violación de los derechos humanos y un problema global de salud pública que afecta a las mujeres maltratadas y a los hijos/as, si bien estos han sido frecuentemente invisibilizados como víctimas. La literatura pone de manifiesto las consecuencias de la exposición a la violencia de gén...
Reality Monitoring (RM) criteria has been proposed as a forensic tool in order to discern between perceived and imagined memories. However, no systematic evidence has been provided on its validity for use in testimony evaluation. Thus, a meta-analytic review was designed to study its validity in forensic setting. A total of 40 primary studies were...
With the aim of ascertaining if child-to-parent offenders have impairments in the executive functions and psychological maladjustment, and to quantify the potential harm and epidemiology, a field study was designed. As for this, 76 juvenile offenders sentenced for child-to-parent violence were assessed in executive functions (Stroop tasks) and psyc...
A field study was designed with the aim of knowing if deficits in cognitive skills a common characteristic of the juvenile offenders and protection youngsters are i.e., children under social services protection (in risk of deviation), and a differential from normalized population. As for these 450 Colombian youngsters (150 juvenile offenders, 150 p...
The evaluation of the efficacy of treatment of batterers in Official or Couple Records is not valid, whilst the efficient interventions are focused on the empowerment of cognitive and behavioural competence. A field study for measuring the effects of the treatment on the cognitive competence was designed. A total of 100 batterers who had completed...
The literature has analyzed conflict on the basis of its cognitive and emotional nature, in
the natural context of human relationships and has focused on the study of conflict
resolution and management styles, from different fields (e.g. family, organizational,
community or educational). In particular, from the educational field, a relationship
bet...
The evaluation of the efficacy of treatment of batterers in Official or Couple Records is not valid, whilst the efficient interventions are focused on the empowerment of cognitive and behavioural competence. A field study for measuring the effects of the treatment on the cognitive competence was designed. A total of 100 batterers who had completed...
La evaluación de la eficacia del tratamiento de maltratadores en los Registros Oficiales o los Informes de las parejas no es válida, al tiempo que las intervenciones eficaces se dirigen a dotarlos de competencia cogni-tiva y conductual. Por ello diseñamos un estudio de campo para medir los efectos de la intervención en la competencia cognitiva. Un...
The inconsistency in the results both internally and between of previous meta-analyses on batterer intervention program efficacy, and the publication of new batterer interventions underscored the need for an up-to-date meta-analyticalreview. A total of 25 primary studies were found from literature search, obtaining 62 effect sizes, and a total samp...
With the aim of knowing the effect of conformity in the introduction of erroneous information in testimony, a meta-analytical review was carried out. A search of studies about the effects of conformity in the witness’ memory was made, with a total of 12 primary studies found, from which 17 effect sizes were computed. The results exhibited a positiv...
Bullying is the repeated violent behaviour among peers -when an imbalance of power is perceived- and it could be considered a criminal action. The main objective of the present study is to analyse bullying cases in Spain using the content analysis methodology in 40 judicial sentences with a guilty verdict. These sentences were obtained from the CEN...
En la evaluación psicológico forense de la salud mental es obligada la sospecha de simulación (diagnóstico diferencial), siendo el MMPI-2 la herramienta de referencia pata tal fin. La evaluación de la simulación conlleva el estudio de diferentes estrategias de engaño, siendo una de ellas la de estereotipos erróneos. Para este propósito el MMPI-2 in...
En la evaluación del daño psicológico, el psicólogo forense ha de realizar un diagnóstico diferencial de simulación, siendo la escala F del MMPI-2 la medida psicométrica de referencia para tal cometido. Revisiones previas han encontrado un tamaño del efecto para la discriminación entre respuestas simuladas y de controles no clínicos (tarea forense...
Uno de los criterios específicos para la evaluación de la actividad investigadora es la participación activa en el trabajo que se va a evaluar. Dicha participación se ha de especificar en los casos de multiautoría, concretándose por cada campo una definición de ésta. En la disciplina de Psicología se señala que cuando el número de autores sea despr...
Despite the low rate of sexual assault allegations, this crime type is one of the most present in oral trials in Chile, given the seriousness of the legal right contravened. Current evidence supports the fact that extralegal factors and previous cognitive schemes might influence judges’ penal decisions in this matter. Having in mind this scenario,...
Background:
Parental separation is a stressful experience that can lead to parents suffering mental health problems (MHPs). Parental separation education programs for coping with post-separation adjustment have proven to be effective in reducing conflict and improving co-parenting. However, the effects of these programs on MHPs have not been asses...
In order to examine the literature on the relationship between child-to-parent violence and parent-to-child violence, a meta-analytic review was designed with 26 effect sizes assessing the relationship between child-to-parent and parent-to-child violence in 19 primary studies. Correlational effect sizes were computed and corrected for sampling erro...
Parental attribute evaluation in relation to child custody comprises psychological and psychopathology. Additionally, defensiveness must be suspected on this setting. The worldwide reference psychometric measurement instrument for this purpose is the MMPI. With the aim of knowing the responses of parents litigating by child custody, a meta-analytic...
156-Una revisión meta-analítica de las respuestas en escalas clínicas y reestructuradas del MMPI-2/MMPI-2-RF de padres en disputa por la custodia Resumen: La evaluación de las capacidades parentales para el ejercicio de la guarda y custodia de los hijos incluye el ajuste psicológico y la psicopato-logía. En esta evaluación, además, se ha de sospech...
Resumen: Se planteó una investigación para adaptar y va-lidar la escala Acceptance of Modern Myths about Sexual Aggression (ammsa) en población chilena. En el Estudio 1, 428 participantes respondieron a la adaptación chilena de la escala ammsa. Un análisis factorial confi rmatorio mostró que los índices de ajuste no prestaban apoyo empírico al mode...
Victimization of a crime is defined in terms of the physical and psychological injury sustained by the victim. A field study was designed with women victims of intimate partner violence (WVs-IPV) to assess the epidemiology of injury in mental health markers and to quantify injury by combining the analysis of the population of WVs-IPV (difference in...
Con el fin de conocer la capacidad de engaño de la población general de mujeres de la victimización de violencia sexual, se diseñó un estudio de campo. Para ello se entrevistaron a 32 mujeres, con edades comprendidas entre los 22 y los 60 años (M=33.31; SD= 11.62) en dos momentos temporales separados por una semana. Las declaraciones se analizaron...
En los últimos años se han dado grandes pasos legislativos, judiciales y sociales en la defensa de la mujer como víctima de delitos, especialmente en aquellos cometidos en el ámbito familiar y privado, como las agresiones sexuales. La concepción de la violencia contra la mujer como un grave menoscabo en los derechos humanos y las libertades fundame...
A study was designed to compare the clinical profile reported by adjudicated and mock victims of gender violence. 102 females, 54 adjudicated and 51 mock victims of gender violence, aged from 19 to 64 years (M= 37.61, SD= 10.61) endorsed the MMPI-2. Adjudicated victims answered under standard instructions and mock victims under malingering instruct...
A survey of the Fundamental Rights Agency of the European Union (FRA, 2014) to 42.000 women in the EU-28 stated that 3.7 million of women suffered from physical and/or sexual violence last year, deriving in a priority for the EU to guarantee women's security (European Council, 2017). As offences committed in the private sphere, the standard of proo...
La volaración de la credibilidad del testimonio es el elemento central en la gran mayoría de las decisiones judiciales, especialmente cuando se enfrentan versiones contradictorias de los hechos. La evaluación del testimonio basada en indicios cognitivos (verbales), específicamente la basada en la hipótesis Undeutsch que sostiene que la memoria de u...
Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el nivel de adherencia a mitos-entendidos como creencias y estereotipos-sobre las agresiones sexuales contra mujeres adultas, en una muestra de 120 funcionarios penitenciarios, tanto uniformados como profesionales psicosociales de la institución. Se utilizó un diseño multi-método para obtener una medi...
Resumen La evaluación psicológica del daño constituye una prueba de cargo en los casos penales con víctimas e ineludible en casos de violencia psicológica pues sin víctima no hay caso y la víctima se define por el daño; en este caso, psicológico. La literatura identificó el trastorno por estrés postraumático como el daño psicológico, pero, en este...
ResumenLa volaración de la credibilidad del testimonio es el elemento central en la gran mayoría de las decisiones judiciales, especialmente cuando se enfrentan versiones contradictorias de los hechos. La evaluación del testimonio basada en indicios cognitivos (verbales), específicamente la basada en la hipótesis Undeutsch que sostiene que la me...
The Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) offender rehabilitation model contends high risk offenders benefit more from intervention programs than low risk offenders (risk principle), and interventions are more effective if they target criminogenic needs (need principle) and engage offenders. A field study was undertaken in order to assess the relation betwe...
Note: An english extended summary is avaliable at the end of the article (1,600 words).
Con el objetivo de conocer el ajuste psicológico (sintomatología y diagnóstico clínico) y las destrezas para la resolución de problemas (afrontamiento) en una población de homicidas, se ha llevado a cabo un estudio en el que se contrastaron ambos factores entre...
The literature has firmly established an association between parental separation and school failure. Nevertheless, parental separation does not affect academic aptitudes. Thus, mediators explain such relationship. A field study was designed to identify and quantify damage in the mediating variables between parental separation and school failure (i....
Evaluación de las competencias comunicativas en la exposición y defensa en la rúbrica del trabajo fin de máster Ramón Arce (1), Francisca Fariña (2), Mercedes Novo (1) Dolores Seijo (1) Resumen La defensa pública del Trabajo Fin de Máster (TFM) es un requisito necesario para la obtención de la titulación, tal y como establece el R.D. 1393/2007, mod...
Resumen Distintos organismos internacionales han puesto de manifiesto la necesidad de promover la igualdad de oportunidades dentro del ámbito académico. Además, contamos con un marco normativo estatal (Ley Orgánica 3/2007, para la igualdad efectiva de mujeres y hombres), autonómico (Ley 7/2004, de 16 de julio, gallega para la igualdad de mujeres y...
La mayoría de la literatura sobre la psicopatía gira en torno a su medida. Cuatro son los instrumentos y familias de referencia en la evaluación de la psicopatía: la Psychopathy Checklist (PCL), la Levenson's Primary and Secondary Psychopathy Scales (LPSP), la Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (SRP), y el Psychopathic Personality Inventory (PPI). Ante...
Background/Objective: In child custody disputes, one of the remit of the forensic psychologist is to evaluate parental attributes while suspecting defensiveness. The instrument of choice for undertaking this double task is the MMPI. Method: As to establish the state of the art on this, a meta-analysis was undertaken with a total of 32 primary studi...
El presente artículo se centra en la organización de la responsabilidad parental tras la ruptura de pareja, las consecuencias que ésta tiene sobre los hijos y, en especial, la custodia compartida. Se introduce la justicia terapéutica (TJ) como el paradigma pertinente para llevar a cabo modificaciones de las normas legales, los procedimientos judici...
