Ramin Heshmat

• Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Objectives: To evaluate the association of the negative confirmatory and follow-up biopsy with prostate cancer reclassification in active surveillance protocol. Materials and methods: A systematic search was performed in databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, on June 25th, 2024, to identify relevant studies regarding ne...

This study evaluated the effectiveness of the IraPEN program, an adapted version of the WHO Package of Essential Non-communicable Disease (PEN) intervention, in managing diabetes from September 2020 to September 2021 using the Input-Process-Output-Outcome framework. In this Cross-sectional/Ecological study, aggregated data was collected from IraPEN...

Background Diabetes mellitus, particularly Type 2 diabetes (T2D), represents a significant global health challenge, with its prevalence steadily rising over the past few decades. This study was conducted with the aim of estimating the economic burden of T2D in Iran. Methods This study employed a prevalence-based approach to estimate the economic b...

Background Diabetes is a significant risk factor for sarcopenia, a muscle dystrophy affecting older individuals. Sarcopenia management typically involves resistance exercise and oral supplements. Given the limitations of resistance training for many elderly individuals, oral supplements play a crucial role in treatment. This study is a protocol for...

Skeletal muscle relies on resident muscle stem cells (MuSCs) for growth and repair. Aging and muscle diseases impair MuSC function, leading to stem cell exhaustion and regenerative decline that contribute to the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. In the absence of clinically available nutritional solutions specifically targeting...

Objective Sarcopenia is linked to escalating health costs, heightened risk of physical disability, diminished quality of life and an increased demand for care services. This study aimed to assess the economic impact of sarcopenia-related disability in Iran. A prevalence-based economic burden study was conducted utilizing the Population Attributable...

Background This study aims to evaluate the association of beverage consumption with cardiometabolic risk factors and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels in children and adolescents. Materials and Methods This nationwide study is a part of the fifth survey of a national surveillance program in Iran. Overall, 4200 students, aged 7–18 years, were selec...

Background No study has investigated the relationship between dietary total antioxidant capacity and sarcopenia so far. Objective This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity (d-TAC) and sarcopenia in elderly adults. Methods In this cross-sectional study we enrolled 300 elderly people (150 men and 150...

Circulating tumor DNAs (ctDNAs) are fragments of malignant tissue DNA that can simply signify the real time genetic change and epigenetic modification of a solid tumor tissue. Pheochromocytomas (PCCs) and Paragangliomas (PGLs) are malinancy of adrenal gland tissue that have the possible diagnosis by ctDNAs. In this study the methylation quanifcatio...

It has been documented that old age and chronic diseases are associated with poor prognosis and mortality among COVID-19 patients. Osteosarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome with a considerable prevalence which increases morbidity and mortality. This study investigated the relationship between COVID-19 mortality and osteosarcopenia and its parameters...

While only a few postmenopausal women exhibit biochemical signs of hypovitaminosis D, it has been shown that vitamin D insufficiency has detrimental effects on the overall skeleton mineralization, bone turnover rate, and may be a significant risk factor for osteoporosis and fracture. We evaluated the concurrent effect of Vitamin D levels and bioche...

Background: This study investigated the association of osteosarcopenia with frailty and poor health conditions among older Iranian adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) Program. Osteosarcopenia was defined as the presence of osteopenia/osteoporosis and sarcopenia, while the Fried criteria...

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most prevalent form of Diabetes Mellitus (DM), with social and economic determinants significantly influencing its prevalence. This study aimed to analyze the socioeconomic inequalities associated with T2DM in Iran. Methods Data from an observational survey in Iran, titled “Diabetes Care (DiaCare),...

Objective: While there are some recommendations about early insulin therapy in newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients, there is not sufficient evidence on this strategy's cost-effectiveness. This study compared early insulin therapy versus oral anti-diabetic drugs (OADs) for managing T2DMusing a cost-effectiveness analysis approa...

Mitochondrial dysfunction and low nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels are hallmarks of skeletal muscle ageing and sarcopenia1,2,3, but it is unclear whether these defects result from local changes or can be mediated by systemic or dietary cues. Here we report a functional link between circulating levels of the natural alkaloid trigonell...

Reducing the prevalence of hypertension, a major risk factor with significant health and economic implications is a target outlined by The World Health Assembly. This study investigated the prevalence of hypertension stages in Iran from 2005 to a projection for 2025 by three different guidelines. Eight nationally and sub-nationally representative c...

Background Urinary tract cancers including bladder, kidney, ureter, and pelvis are a common malignancy worldwide with high mortality ratio. Aimed to investigate the prevalence of these cancers, we conducted this study. Methods In this study, all the information related to ICD10 codes, gender, age and province of residence of individuals were obtai...

The Article Abstract is not available.

Introduction: For cell-based therapies of lung injury, several cell sources have been extensively studied. However, the potential of human fetal respiratory cells has not been systematically explored for this purpose. Here, we hypothesize that these cells could be one of the top sources and hence, we extensively updated the definition of their phen...

Measuring health inequalities is essential to inform policy making and for monitoring implementation to reduce avoidable and unfair differences in health status. We conducted a geospatial analysis of child mortality in Iran using death records from the Ministry of Health and Medical Education from 2016 to 2018 stratified by sex, age, province, and...

Persistent uncontrolled hyperglycemia is recognized as one of the risk factors for cognitive disorders. Accordingly, both type 1 and type 2 diabetes may predispose individuals to cognitive impairment, particularly in cases where glycemic control is insufficient. The objective of this comprehensive study is to separately assess cognitive dysfunction...

Convolutional neural networks are a class of deep neural networks used for different clinical purposes, including improving the detection rate of colorectal lesions. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the performance of convolutional neural network-based models in the detection or classification of colorectal polyps and colore...

The term “geriatric giants” refers to the chronic disabilities of senescence leading to adverse health outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and predictors of geriatric giants in Southern Iran. The participants were selected from Bushehr city using a multistage cluster random sampling method. Demographic data were collected throu...

Purpose We aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of the vitamin D supplementation program in Iranian adolescents reducing adolescent depressive Symptoms. Methods In the current cost-effectiveness analysis, the viewpoint of Iran’s Ministry of Health was selected. The target population was 1,519,762 Iranian high school students (733,657 girls and 7...

Cancer is one of the important health problems in Iran, which is considered as the third cause of death. Endocrine cancers are rare but mostly curable. Thyroid cancer, the most common endocrine tumors, includes about one percent of malignant cancer. In this study, we examined the 15-year national trend of endocrine cancer incidence in Iranian men a...

Objectives Identification the optimal management intervention of sarcopenia is a concern of health systems. We aimed to analyze the cost-effectiveness of sarcopenia management strategies in Iran. Methods We constructed a lifetime Markov model based on natural history. The strategies comparedincluded exercise training, nutritional supplements, whol...

Introduction: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is newly diagnosed tumor DNA that can easily represent a tumor’s genetic and epigenetic change. Pheochromocytomas (PCCs) and Paragangliomas (PGLs) are rare tumors of adrenal gland tissue that have the potential to be detected by ctDNA. We aimed to study the potential of the methylation status of RDBP, SDH...

Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1–6 . Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from 71 million participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents aged 5–19 years on the basis of rural an...

PurposeThere is plenty of evidence on the interventions that can improve outcomes of diabetes. Thus, there is an urgent need to innovate and provide cost-effective ways to optimize the best care for diabetes. The aim was to examine the components of diabetes courses to extract training virtual modules for training primary health care professionals...

Background Cancer is a major health problem and cause of mortality worldwide. Despite the prevalence of other cancers in males and females, genital cancers are especially important because of their psychological effects on individuals. Currently, cervical cancer, corpus uteri neoplasm, and ovarian cancer are the most common gynecological cancers in...

Background: Due to the invariably progressive nature of multiple sclerosis (MS) and the high economic burden of chronic diseases, this study was performed to estimate the economic burden of MS medications in Iran. Methods: The present research is a descriptive study performed using comprehensive national data of Iran's Health Insurance Organizat...

Objectives Identifying the optimal management intervention of sarcopenia is a concern of health systems. We aimed to analyze the cost-effectiveness of sarcopenia management strategies in Iran. Methods We constructed a lifetime Markov model based on natural history. The compared strategies included exercise training, nutritional supplements, whole...

Background: In 2017, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) updated clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of hypertension in children. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of hypertension in Iranian children based on the latest guidelines. Methods: Data on 7301 student participants (3589 boys and 3712 girls)...

Background Data on the association of Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) with sarcopenia are scarce. We aimed to evaluate the association between adherence to AHEI-2010 and sarcopenia and its components including low muscle mass, low muscle strength, and low muscle performance among elderly people. Methods In this cross-sectional st...

Background: Quarantine restrictions have changed the usual lifestyle habits of children and adolescents. In this review, we summarize how the COVID-19 outbreak changed lifestyle during childhood and discuss potential short- and long-term effects of NCD high-risk behaviors on health outcomes. Methods: literature search was conducted in Medline datab...

Objective: Based on previous studies in the sepsis population, Vitamin C could prevent injuries when administered in high doses and before the damage is established. This study aimed to evaluate the protective potentials of high-dose Vitamin C in the progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: A double-blind, placebo-controlled...

Background & aims: : The advantage of tenecteplase (TNK) over alteplase (ALT) in managing acute ischemic stroke (AIS) has been reported, but the cost-effectiveness of these two strategies has not received as much attention. The objective of this study was to compare TNK and ALT for the management of AIS patients in Iran in terms of cost-effectiven...

Unlabelled: In a population of 1156 men aged ≥ 60 years, opioid drug use was reported by 4.1% (n = 47) of participants. Among opioids, opium was the most prevalent consuming drug (83%). Adjusting for potential confounders, opioid consumption showed a positive association with osteoporosis. Purpose: Limited evidence suggest a relationship between...

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) face significant challenges in the treatment process, which can have a negative impact on disease management. Proper management of the disease can reduce symptoms and complications, improve glycemic indices, and reduce mortality and readmission. Objective: Given the influential role of patie...

AimThis paper presented the methodology and main findings of a population-based survey to determine diabetes care status among type 2 diabetic subjects in Iran. The current study assessed treatment goal achievements in type 2 diabetics, diabetes care service utilization, prevalence of diabetes complications, and psychological effects of diabetes in...

Background Considering the high prevalence of both vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and sleep impairment in children and adolescents, this study was conducted to determine the association between VDD and sleep duration in the Iranian pediatric population.Methods This multicentric national study was conducted in 2019 on 2564 frozen sera obtained from 7 to...

The number of single-child families has been increasing across developing countries during the last decades. We aimed to examine the association between being a single child (SC) and subjective health complaints (SHCs) in Iranian children and adolescents. This study was conducted as a part of the fifth survey of a national surveillance program enti...

Background This paper presents the protocol of the 4 th round of Iranian Multi-center Osteoporosis Study (IMOS), a national survey with the primary objective of estimating the prevalence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia and their risk factors in a representative sample of urban and rural populations. Methods The target population of the survey is al...

Background The post-COVID syndrome is the various physical and neuropsychiatric symptoms after the acute phase of COVID-19. The understanding of pathophysiology of this syndrome and its treatment need to further studies. This study aimed to present three cases of neuropsychiatric symptoms after COVID-19 and effective treatments in these patients.Ca...

Background Childhood obesity has become a significant public health issue worldwide. Socioeconomic status is among its key determinants. This study examined the socioeconomic inequality in different phenotypes of childhood obesity at the national level in Iran. Methods This national, multistage school cross-sectional study was undertaken in 2015 o...

BACKGROUND There is plenty of evidence on the interventions that can improve the outcome of diabetes and there is an urgent need to innovate and provide cost-effective ways to optimize the best care for diabetes OBJECTIVE the aim was to examine the components of diabetes courses to extract training virtual modules for training primary health care...

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) face significant challenges in the treatment process, which can have a negative impact on disease management. Proper management of the disease can reduce symptoms and complications, improve glycemic indices, and reduce mortality and readmission. Objective: Given the influential role of pa...

Introduction Metabolic syndrome comprises a set of metabolic risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Zinc plays an essential role in numerous enzyme functions that may be associated with metabolic dysfunctions. The relationship between serum zinc levels and metabolic syndrome in adolescents has not been specifically...

Background Bullying, being a victim of violent behaviors, life satisfaction (LS) and self-rated health (SRH) in children and adolescents, all have consistently been recognized as vital factors in school performance and future individual life. Methods This cross-sectional data secondary study was a part of the fifth Childhood and Adolescence Survei...

Introduction and objectives Amino acids are the most frequently reported metabolites associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) in metabolomics studies. We aimed to evaluate the association between amino acid metabolic profile and bone indices in the elderly population. Methods 400 individuals were randomly selected from 2384 elderly men and w...

Background Uncontrolled hyperglycemia is one of the risk factors for cognitive disorders. By this finding, both type 1 and type 2 diabetes may predispose to cognitive impairment in poorly controlled cases. The current large-scale study is aimed at cognitive impairments in diabetic and non-diabetic older adults separately. Methods This is a cross-s...

Background As a fat-soluble vitamin, vitamin A plays a crucial role in adipogenesis, lipolysis, insulin resistance, and obesity. However, it is still unclear whether they are associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. The current study aimed to determine the association between serum retinol concentration and the clus...

Purpose: Our study examined whether T2DM and glucocorticoids treatment affect bone quality and quantity that are measured by Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and Trabecular Bone Score (TBS). Materials & methods: Participants in this study were 2294 women and men aged over 60 years who participated in stage II of the Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) progra...

There is no previous study that investigated the association between dietary intake of total and individual branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and odds of sarcopenia. The present study aimed to examine the association between dietary intake of BCAAs and sarcopenia and its components among Iranian adults. The data for this cross-sectional study was...

Some studies suggested the effects of inflammatory cytokines in reducing muscle mass and muscle strength and, performance. This study aimed to compare pro-inflammatory cytokines in sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic subjects. 120 men and women were selected out from the cross-sectional study ‘sarcopenia and its determinants among Iranian elders’ (SARIR)...

Background It is well documented that, similar to active smokers, passive smokers are also at an increased risk of developing non-communicable diseases, and it could impose high financial costs on the healthcare system. This study aimed to evaluate the trend of passive smoking and related determinants during the three phases of a school-based surve...

Background: Assessing the prevalence of infections, which are preventable by vaccination, is crucial to monitor the vaccination program efficacy, and it can demonstrate the gaps in population immunity. The current study attempted to assess the specific Immunoglobulin (IgG) antibody against measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) in Iranian children and a...

Background Due to the high and increasing economic burden of chronic diseases, including Multiple sclerosis (MS), we aimed to investigate the medical cost of MS in Iran. Methods This is a descriptive cross-sectional study which conducted using comprehensive national prescription data from Iran’s Health Insurance Organization (IHIO) and rehabilitat...

Background Osteosarcopenia, defined as sarcopenia plus osteopenia/osteoporosis, may increase the risk of fractures and affects morbidity and mortality in the older population. Falling is also common in the elderly and increases the risk of fractures and mortality. We examined the association of cardio-metabolic risk factors with a history of fallin...

Background Life satisfaction (LS) and self-rated health (SRH) are related with health outcomes. It is expected that these items are also related to healthy behaviors. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to find out the main determinants of LS and SRH in nationwide representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents. Methods This stu...

Background This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among Iranian adolescents. Methods This analytical observational study was conducted, using the decision tree model constructed in TreeAge Pro to assess the cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) of monthly...

Background: As a health-related behavior, physical activity (PA) differs according to individual's socioeconomic status (SES). This study aimed to assess the socioeconomic difference in leisure-time PA among Iranian students and their parents at national and regional levels. Study design: Nationwide cross-sectional study. Methods: This study w...

In a large population-based study of Iran, the age-standardized prevalence of osteoporosis was 24.6% in men and 62.7% in women aged ≥ 60 years. Osteoporosis was negatively associated with body mass index in both sexes, and with diabetes in men and hypertriglyceridemia in women.PurposePopulation aging has made osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures...

IntroductionObesity and osteoporosis are health problems with high impact on the morbidity and mortality rate. While the association between BMI and bone density is known, the combined effects of obesity and metabolic components on bone health have not yet been revealed. The objectives of this study were to determine the association between bone he...

In recent years, a growing interest on the impact of statin intake on bone health has emerged, although the reported results are controversial. The results of this study revealed that BMD at lumbar spine has a significant association with statin intake. However, such association appears to be weaker regarding TBS values compared to BMD. This study...

Background Osteosarcopenia is referred to as co-incidence of osteoporosis/osteopenia and sarcopenia which is defined as a geriatric syndrome with a significant prevalence that increases morbidity and mortality. There are some relevant factors that can show an increased risk of incidence of osteosarcopenia. Aim We aimed to consider the association...

Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) starts from early life and is one of the important underlying factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in adulthood. Controversial evidence exists on the role of vitamin D deficiency in increasing the risk of pediatric MetS. Objective This study aimed to assess the relationship between vitamin D level with...

Background Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations reflect vitamin D status, with deficiency implicated as an underlying factor for many adverse health effects. This study aims to analyze the association between vitamin D status and different anthropometric measures in a large pediatric population. Methods This nationwide cross-sectiona...

Background Some studies emphasize the effects of inflammatory cytokines in reducing muscle mass and muscle strength and performance. This study aimed to compare pro-inflammatory cytokines in sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic subjects. Method The present study used data from the "Sarcopenia and its Determinants Among Iranian Elders" (SARIR) study. Thre...

Objective This study aimed to evaluate a national vitamin D supplementation program's cost-effectiveness among Iranian adolescents to prevent cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in adulthood. Study design A cost-effectiveness analytical study. Methods A decision tree model was adopted to evaluate the cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) of month...

Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster metabolic disorder that includes central obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, and is highly associated with an increased risk of developing non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This study aimed to compare the reliability of anthro-metabolic indices [visceral adiposity index (VAI...

Background Loss of muscle mass and strength and bone mass density are complications of the aging process. Studies show that the prevalence of sarcopenia and osteoporosis may be higher in patients with diabetes. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the relationship between muscle mass and strength indices and bone mass density in diabetic...

Identifying the possible factors of psychiatric symptoms among children can reduce the risk of adverse psychosocial outcomes in adulthood. We designed a classification tool to examine the association between modifiable risk factors and psychiatric symptoms, defined based on the Persian version of the WHO-GSHS questionnaire in a developing country....

PurposeThe aim of this updated systematic review and meta-analysis was the association between hyperglycemia and periodontitis.Methods We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus until March 2021. The key search words were based on "periodontitis" and "hyperglycemia." We included cohort, case–control, and cross-sectional studies, restric...

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30...

Background Bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone score (TBS) are moderately correlated. TBS is sometimes used as an adjuvant to BMD in the fracture risk assessment. Some individuals with normal BMD or osteopenia, have more degraded TBS. We aimed to identify factors associated with TBS worse than BMD in the non-osteoporotic elderly populati...

Due to the metabolic nature of osteoporosis, this study was conducted to identify metabolomic studies investigating the metabolic profile of low bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis. A comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted through PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase databases up to April 08, 2020, to identify observ...

Background Some pathophysiological effects of physical frailty and cognitive impairment might be similar; therefore, finding the associations in epidemiologic studies could guide clinicians and researchers to recognize effective strategies for each type of frailty such as frailty phenotype and frailty index, which in turn will result in a preventiv...

PurposeThe object of the present study was to examine the relationship of short stature and obesity with cardio-metabolic risk factors in children and adolescents from Iran.Methods Present nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted as a part of the fifth survey of CASPIAN study on 7 to 18 years old children and adolescents from 30 provinces of...

Background & Aim The appropriate meal consumption affects the children's and adolescents' health. Few studies have shown an association between the socioeconomic inequality and the eating behavior among children and adolescents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the socioeconomic inequality in meal skipping patterns among children and...

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the association of anthropometric indices with continuous metabolic syndrome (cMetS) risk score components in a large population-based sample of children and adolescents.Methods This multi-centric study was performed on 3843 students aged 7–18 years who were selected by multistage, stratified clus...

Background and objectives Sarcopenia is an important age-related disease which can lead to an increased risk of mortality, falls, fractures, and poor quality of life. So, timely detection can be effective in reducing the burden of disease. The aim of this study was to identify the most cost-effective strategy for sarcopenia screening in Iran. Mate...

Background: Sarcopenia has rarely been linked to Food-based Inflammatory Potential of the Diet (FIPD) in earlier studies. This study was performed to examine the association of FIPD and sarcopenia and its components. Method: In the cross-sectional research, dietary intakes of 300 randomly-selected elderly adults aged 55 years or older were collecte...

Background: Sarcopenia is characterized by low skeletal muscle mass and function, which is associated with cardiovascular risk factors and may even be related to adverse cardiovascular events and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate whether sarcopenia is related to electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities in a large sample of older adults. Metho...