Ramesh Kumar Sahni- Doctor of Philosophy
- Scientist at ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering
Ramesh Kumar Sahni
- Doctor of Philosophy
- Scientist at ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering
Precision Agriculture | Farm Mechanization
About
62
Publications
51,675
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238
Citations
Introduction
Precision Agriculture
Current institution
ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering
Current position
- Scientist
Additional affiliations
June 2013 - December 2015
Tractor and Farm Equipment Ltd. (TAFE)
Position
- Designer
Education
July 2011 - June 2013
January 2007 - February 2011
Publications
Publications (62)
Insect infestation attacks in agricultural ecosystems are becoming more common because of global warming as well as farmland environmental circumstances, necessitating the development of new crop production technology. Pesticide application is one of the most common strategies for protecting the entire growing period of plants or shrubs against pes...
Weed control in agricultural systems is of the utmost importance. Weeds reduce crop yields by up to 30% to 40%. Different methods are used to control weeds, such as manual, chemical, mechanical, and precision weed management. Weeds are managed more effectively by using the hand weeding method, which nevertheless falls short due to the unavailabilit...
Litchi (Litchi chinensis S.), a major fruit crop in India, faces severe threats from the bark-eating caterpillar (Indarbela quadrinotata and Indarbela tetraonis), which can cause significant damage to trees and reduce fruit yield. Traditional control methods, such as manual removal or chemical injection using a syringe, are often labour-intensive a...
India stands as the world's second-largest producer of litchi (Litchi chinensis S.), with a majority of its cultivation concentrated in the eastern regions. Litchi cultivation involves diverse unit operations such as land preparation, pit digging, circular fertilizer pit creation, pruning, pest control, girdling, plant safeguarding, and harvesting....
This study investigated the usability of available fluted feed roller for high-speed drilling of soybean seeds. A 7-grove fluted roller having roller, with a roller diameter of 56 mm and a flute diameter of 20 mm, was evaluated in a laboratory setup of a stationary seed drill. The laboratory setup consisted of seed hopper, metering mechanism, deliv...
Separating pulp and core is critical for apricot processing, but faces labor shortages. To address this challenge, a fully automated pitting machine (FAPM) based on automatic apricot orientation device (AAOD) was proposed to achieve mechanized pitting by apricot automatic orientation. The designed and constructed AAOD adopt with dynamic visual dete...
Rice is a water-intensive crop, conventionally grown under submerged conditions, with standing water for about 80% of its growth period. There is an urgent need for water-saving technologies to address challenges associated with conventional irrigation techniques for rice. The alternate wetting and drying (AWD) technique is one of these water-savin...
Pneumatic planters are widely adopted in precision agriculture due to their superior field performance and minimal seed damage. However, variations in seed size, shape, and orientation can affect the ability of each orifice to pick and release a single seed accurately. Seed metering units typically incorporate seed cut-off and knock-out devices to...
The population increases at an exponential rate as human society advances, and pollution is increasingly depleting
the availability of resources such as water and land. All these problems are thought to require the use of smart agriculture. By
reducing use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, smart agriculture could mitigate land pollution and i...
Agriculture plays an important role in providing food, fiber, and raw materials to sustain human progress. In recent years, technology has revolutionized agriculture, increasing efficiency, productivity, and sustainability. One of the main drivers of this change is the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies encompassing machine le...
There is an increasing global demand for food while the resources available are reducing day by day. Adopting proper management technology for agriculture helps in efficient utilization of human resource and time. Internet of Things (IoT) uses sensors to collect data, communication to transfer, edge devices or cloud to store, computers to analyze,...
India generating huge amount of agricultural waste, especially crop residues. In India, around 141 MT of
crop residue is generated each year, in which 92 MT burned due to inadequate sustainable management practices,
which results in rise in emissions of particulate matter as well as quality of air pollution. Burning crop residues raises
mortality r...
Accurate watermelon yield estimation is crucial to the agricultural value chain, as it guides the allocation of
agricultural resources as well as facilitates inventory and logistics planning. The conventional method of watermelon
yield estimation relies heavily onmanual labor,which is both time-consuming and labor-intensive. To address
this, this w...
Modern agriculture relies on pesticides to increase crop yields, but these chemicals are also hazardous. Although conventional sprayers were designed for effective pest management, they nonetheless pollute the environment and endanger operators' health. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based sprayers overcome the aforesaid problem and can precisely ta...
BACKGROUND
The hydraulic spray delivery (HSD)‐based solid set canopy delivery system (SSCDS) emitter configuration has been optimized for agrochemical applications in vertical shoot position (VSP) vineyards. It uses cost‐prohibitive emitters, and their placement restricts the mechanical pruning activities. Therefore, this study focused on optimizin...
Pneumatic Fixed Spray System For Modern Vineyards
Precision agriculture has emerged as a vital approach in modern farming, with the objective of optimizing crop yields while minimizing environmental impact. The precise and efficient application of agrochemicals is an important aspect of precision agriculture. Pesticide use at the right time and place can reduce global food loss by 45%. Traditional...
The earth’s vegetation plays a pivotal role in the ecosystem equilibrium and serves as an environmental health indicator. Monitoring vegetation is essential for informed agriculture, resource management, ecological understanding, and environmental tracking. Remote sensing data offers valuable insights into plant life, benefiting biodiversity, agric...
Traditional agricultural management practices are under increasing pressure to improve efficiency, sustainability,and precision. Drones have become transformative tools in agriculture, significantly improving various farmingpractices. These unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) collect real-time data, giving farmers exact information aboutplant condition...
Citation: Mahapatra, J.; Tiwari, P.S.; Singh, K.P.; Nandede, B.M.; Sahni, R.K.; Pagare, V.; Singh, J.; Shrinivasa, D. Abstract: The growing demand for agricultural output and limited resources encourage precision applications to generate higher-order output by utilizing minimal inputs of seed, fertilizer, land, and water. An electronically operated...
A planter for planting soybean seeds up to 1.94 m∙s−1 (7 km∙h−1) was designed. In this machine, a hybrid metering mechanism was developed in which singulation was done with the help of vacuum pressure and conveying of seeds was done by cellular ring. The metering mechanism was evaluated for seed plates with three different numbers of holes (64, 74...
Highlights
Airblast sprayer applications in modern apple orchards can produce high off-target drift.
A pneumatic spray delivery based solid set canopy delivery system (PSD-SSCDS) can be an alternative solution.
PSD-SSCDS had comparable spray deposition, but lower spray coverage compared to airblast sprayer.
Airblast sprayer had significantly higher...
An electromyography (EMG) study was conducted during push and pull operations to evaluate the muscle fatigue of agricultural farm workers.
Twelve medically fit agricultural workers were selected for evaluation of muscular activity during push–pull operations, with the help of a laboratory setup, which was developed based on the ergonomic criteria o...
India is a prominent global producer of fruits and vegetables, grapples with a significant issue that undermines its agricultural prowess: post-harvest losses. Despite abundant production, an estimated 30-40% of fruits and vegetables are lost between harvest and consumption due to several factors including inadequate infrastructure, subpar transpor...
The study was conducted during November, 2021 at Department of FMPE, CAET, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India to investigate the torque requirement and ascertain optimum peripheral cutting velocity of rotary cutting disc based on varying stem diameter and moisture content of green gram . The cutting operation was simulated to find the cutting torque...
Drones have emerged as transformative tools in agriculture, revolutionizing various aspects of farming practices. This article gives an overview of how drones are used in agriculture, focusing on crop monitoring, mapping, water management, and livestock care. Drones collect real-time data, giving farmers accurate insights into crops, soil condition...
In this study, test reports of materials used for soil/crop engaging components of
agricultural machinery were collected from some Agricultural Machinery Testing Centres situated in different agro-climatic zones across India. The study revealed that only 39.87% and 37.72% of tested soil engaging components conformed with the standards of Bureau of...
Air-assisted sprayers are commonly used for pest management in perennial specialty crops. However, with the ongoing transition to modern orchard systems, conventional spraying types of equipment are known to cause off-target spray drift, human exposure to chemicals and associated adverse environmental impacts, soil compaction, and dependency on the...
A pneumatic spray delivery (PSD)-based solid set canopy delivery system (SSCDS) consists of in-line reservoirs and micro-emitter assemblies distributed throughout perennial crop canopies. The existing PSD-based SSCDS uses a large number of reservoirs, i.e., one unit per 3 m of linear spacing, which resulted in high installation and maintenance cost...
BACKGROUND
Pneumatic spray delivery (PSD)‐based solid set canopy delivery systems (SSCDS) have demonstrated comparable spray deposition and reduced off‐target drift compared with axial‐fan airblast sprayers in high‐density apple orchards. An important next step is to quantify whether PSD‐based SSCDS can provide effective pest management. This study...
Highlights
Intelligent sprayers require crop canopy-specific base spray rate (SR) adjustments.
SRs can be estimated by Tree Row Volume (TRV) and Unit Canopy Row (UCR) methods.
This study formulated TRV and UCR based SRs for modern apple orchard canopies.
Field trials evaluated spray deposition and coverage variations for these rates.
TRV and UCR ba...
Agricultural engineering is the branch of engineering that considers the engineering techniques in agriculture to enhance the productivity, resource utilization, pre and post-harvest operations. The three major sub-discipline of agriculture engineering are, farm machinery and energy in agriculture, agricultural structure and process engineering, ir...
The large number of farmers (86%) of India comes under small and marginal category. They cannot afford large size equipment like tractors and tractor drawn implements with their meagre income. On the other hand, power tillers are comparatively less costly and are versatile machines by which a large number of farm operations can be performed. It is...
Mechanization of agricultural operation is the only way to address the shortage of agricultural labour, has been adopted in few cultivation operations of garlic, one of the most important crop spices in India. Mechanization in agriculture boosts production and productivity of crops through timeliness, better management of inputs, improved quality o...
Litchi is a popular subtropical fruit crop in India. It is the most delicious, juicy and
nutritious fruit and mostly grown in Eastern India. Litchi cultivation is a source of
livelihood security for a large population in litchi growing states as it provides
both on-farm and off-farm employment. The world scenario of litchi cultivation
reveals that...
The income of farmer is affected by so many factors including farm mechanization. At present, shortage of agricultural
labour is an important bottleneck in agricultural production system. It is estimated that percentage of agricultural worker of
total work force would drop to 25.7 per cent by 2050 from 54.6 per cent in 2011. Present study has an at...
The objective of this paper is to construct Crop Productivity Index (CPI) to rank different districts of the Madhya Pradesh, India. The CPI ratings provide a relative ranking based on their potential for crop production. The secondary data on productivity of Rice, Wheat, Gram, Groundnut, Sugarcane and Urd of 51 districts of Madhya Pradesh for the y...
Indian agriculture is diverse and capable of producing most of the food and horticultural crops of the world. In spite of its top ranking in production of a number of crops including rice, wheat, sugarcane, fruits and vegetables, the stagnancy in productivity and shortage of agricultural produce are two major bottlenecks of Indian agriculture. Seve...
India accounts for only about 2.4 % of the world’s geographical area and 4 % of its water resources, but has to support about 17 % of the world’s human population and 15 % of the livestock. Agriculture is an important sector of the Indian economy, accounting for 17% of the nation’s GDP, about 11% of its exports, about half of the population still r...
The technical bulletin is prepared under the project "Status of Farm Machinery Manufacturers in Madhya Pradesh" and information regarding manufacturing of machines has been collected during the visits made by project leader and associates. The information given in the directory is compiled by authors, ICAR-CIAE, Bhopal assumes no responsibility of...
Soil compaction is the major problem associated in the top layer of the soil by heavy agricultural machinery in the agricultural field. Soil cone index is widely used to assess soil strength or soil compaction in tillage research. Hence soil cone penetrometer has become an important instrument in the characterization of soil physical properties in...
Precision agriculture (PA) refers to the management of spatial and temporal variability of the fields using mechatronics. Horticultural
commodity production and its quality are effected by many factors like proper planting, weeding and interculture, irrigation, attack of
insects/pests and harvesting technique. Precision agriculture is a pro-active...
The flow accuracy of exiting fluted feed roller for high speed drilling of soybean was studied. In this study
a 10 groove fluted roller of 49 mm diameter, 10 mm flute diameter and 40 mm exposure length was tested for soybean
seeds (JS-9560). The flow accuracy was measured at four fluted roll speed i.e. 20, 30, 40 & 50 rpm and three positions of
wid...
In this paper, an attempt has been made to review the various proposed/developed automatic irrigation system and its feasibility to use for the rice irrigation. Rice being the water intensive crop commonly cultivated under submerged condition. It remains for almost 80 % of its cropping duration under ponding water which is the common practice of fa...
Sensor technology along with advanced equipment improves the ability for input efficient farming in the environment friendly way.The ultimate goal of sensor technology in agriculture is to enable farmers and farm managers to analyse variations in field conditions across the growing season. Soil sensing techniques to assess are being developed as an...
India is one of the leading countries in the world in the production of several number of crops including rice, wheat, pulses, sugarcane, fruits and vegetables. In spite of this, there are two important bottlenecks like stagnant productivity and a shortage of agricultural labour in agricultural production. Several studies suggest a direct correlati...
New implements in agriculture
Agricultural Mechanization Trends in SAARC Region
The agriculture system is affected by several biotic and abiotic factors which directly or indirectly influence the farming community.
Around half of the workforce is employed in the agriculture sector which contributes only 17.5 per cent inGDP. Only 47.6 per
cent of the cropped area in the country is irrigated and remaining area depends on monsoon...
Questions
Questions (6)
Increasing nozzles height of drone spryaing system increases droplet size. What could be the reason behind it? ?
While spraying with a drone sprayer in apple orchards or vineyards, what should be the spray rate for proper coverage?
Solenoid valves have a direction of flow (Why). In a normally closed solenoid valve, I observed backflow from the opposite direction. What may be the reason?
In a hyperspectral imaging, we have more than 100s bands. I want to select best feature wavelength to classify the fruits based on the injury level. How to proceed on this?
I am doing a hyper spectral data analysis in which I have 140 bands of wavelength. I am using this to classify the blueberry buds into two category i.e. whether bud is injured or normal. I want to know which are the more sensitive or feature wavelength to be selected out of 140 band ( I want to select 5 or 6 most suitable band out of 140) to classify the buds. Which analysis should I do?
Example we have 100 independent variables with one classification (dependent variable, good or bad).
we run anova for each independent variable with classification variable (good or bad) and calculated F value. can we say based on F-value which independent variable is best for classification?
