
Ramesh kannan KandasamiIndian Institute of Technology Madras | IIT Madras · Department of Civil Engineering
Ramesh kannan Kandasami
Doctor of Philosophy
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49
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Publications (49)
A novel hypoplastic constitutive model is proposed which accurately captures the geomechanical behavior of gas hydrate-bearing sediments. This model explicitly accounts for the effects of hydrate saturation, temperature, and pore pressure across different pore morphologies. A cementation coefficient ($\alpha_h$) represents the influence of pore mor...
Modelling the cyclic response of granular materials is key in the design of several geostructures. Over the years, numerous constitutive models have been proposed to predict the cyclic behaviour of granular materials. However, pertaining to the hypoplastic constitutive models, one of the significant limitations is their inability to accurately pred...
Individual particle breakage within rock-based granular medium profoundly influences the overall macro-scale behavior of the assembly, with the strength being notably impacted by particle morphology and surficial features. However, the widely used numerical methods often oversimplify the realistic morphology, resulting in unrealistic particle break...
Granular materials typically exhibit complex behaviour especially during shearing under different states. The material behaviour transitions from fluid-like to unfluid-like primarily due to various fundamental mechanisms involved during the shearing process such as momentum transport, compaction, and jamming. Describing this transition is particula...
Alternative energy sources, such as methane gas hydrates, lie between renewable energy and conventional hydro-carbon fuels in terms of clean energy resources. The global abundance of methane hydrate reserves has generated interest in harnessing the energy without affecting the environment. The mechanical response of hydrate-bearing sediments depend...
Understanding of the deformation behaviour of porous geomaterials during fluid injection has direct relevance in several field applications. Studies exploring the resulting deformation field and instability growth within porous media during fluid injection remains limited. Prior research has focused on utilising steady-state/asymptotic cavity expan...
The hypoplastic constitutive model is widely utilized for simulating soil behaviour. This study investigates the applicability of the hypoplastic model in predicting the mechanical behaviour of sand under both monotonic and cyclic loading conditions. Monotonic loading conditions are explored to comprehend the soil's strength and deformation charact...
Gas extraction from methane hydrate reservoirs results in significant changes to pore pressure, causing soil deformation leading to progressive failure. Current advanced constitutive models which are capable of capturing this deformation process are often complex, computationally expensive, and challenging to implement in numerical solvers. Hence,...
Flow of suspensions through the complex porous network is typically characterized by the initial spurt and then the formation of internal/ external filter cake which impedes the flow velocity. The transient mechanisms involved during the particle migration phenomenon need to be studied carefully as it is crucial for effectively managing the flow ch...
Coconut fibres have recently been used in numerous civil engineering applications, mostly in pavement structures as geotextiles. However, their performance is usually lower than the elements made with synthetic fibres, primarily due to their inherent variable characteristics, which mostly depend on the maturity level and pre-processing of the fibre...
Gas hydrates are ice-like substances found in deep sediments under high pressures and low temperatures, holding substantial natural gas reserves. Extracting gas from these reservoirs faces challenges due to complex interactions between hydrate-bearing sediments, fluid flow, and thermal processes. To address these challenges, a thermo-hydro-mechanic...
The particle migration phenomenon in porous media during fluid injection is influenced by various factors such as drilling mud composition, particle properties, fluid flow, and porous medium characteristics. Further, this process is predominantly governed by hydrodynamic forces acting on the porous granular medium in addition to the in situ stress...
Insitu soils generally exhibit a structure due to bonding that exists between the soil constituents. The behaviour of the structured clay is different from that of the reconstituted clay, which needs to be modelled accurately. This study aims to understand the accuracy and reliability of two different phenomenological models based on the critical s...
Fluid injection‐induced deformation around a cylindrical cavity is of particular interest in the area of subsurface energy extraction. In this study, a model is proposed to analyze the time‐dependent expansion of a cavity caused by fluid injection in an elastoplastic dry porous medium. This problem is characterized by the existence of two moving bo...
The pullout mechanism (typically due to friction and bearing) is influenced by the type of reinforcing material and the soil properties. To an extent, the interfacial behaviour of coir geotextiles with the surrounding matrix is affected by the low stiffness of the material. In this study, in order to quantify the soil-coir geotextile interaction, a...
A comprehensive study on the stress-dilatancy behavior of cemented sand and its modeling is presented. The effect of confining pressure, relative density, and cement content on stress-dilatancy behavior are studied from the published experimental results and an additional series of experiments performed in this study. To facilitate a contrast and c...
Natural gas hydrate sediments are considered as an unconventional source of energy found in deep sea reservoirs and permafrost regions under specific equilibrium conditions. To efficiently extract the gas from these sediments, well-bores need to be installed in these reservoirs followed by adopting an appropriate hydrate dissociation technique. Thi...
A novel apparatus is used to quantify the filtration characteristics of water-based drilling fluids and rupture behaviour of external filter cake. Under static filtration, the filtration pressure (400 to 800 kPa), time (15 to 60 min), the particle size distribution of the weighing agent (D50: 11 to 136 µm) relative to the pore size distribution of...
The study focuses on understanding the influence of particle morphology, interparticle friction and hopper exit width on spatial and temporal variations in velocity during dry granular flow. Using non-convex morphologies (sand, chickpea and rice), the flow characteristics and velocity fluctuations are explored. Funnel flow pattern was evident in an...
The hydraulic fracturing technology is widely applied in the fields of groundwater hydraulics, hydrogeology, geo-environmental engineering and the oil and gas industry. Bio-cemented granular media were used as a proxy for weakly-cemented and poorly-consolidated sands in fluid injection experiments. The experiments were conducted in a testing appara...
Understanding and controlling fracture propagation is one of the most challenging engineering problems, especially in the oil and gas sector, groundwater hydrology and geothermal energy applications. Predicting the fracture orientation while also possessing a non-linear material response becomes more complex when the medium is non-homogeneous and a...
Gas hydrate sediments are considered as one of the potential sources of unconventional energy because of their high energy density and presence of abundant subsurface reserves in order to meet the rising global energy demand. Methane gas hydrate sediments generally occur naturally in permafrost regions and in deep-sea continental shelves where the...
Compaction plays a pivotal role in the formation of the aggregate skeleton of concrete mixtures, especially for stiff mixes such as Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC). RCC is compacted in the field with combinations of different energies (kneading/shear, impact, static & vibratory pressure), whereas various compactors are used, viz. modified Proctor (...
Particle migration in porous media alters medium properties by reducing permeability and enhancing mechanical strength. Study investigates fluid-particle interaction effects using lab setup, identifying critical zones.
This paper aims to assess the various deterministic methods of liquefaction evaluation and compare them with probabilistic approaches in saturated silty sands. Deterministic liquefaction evaluating approaches as per Indian and European standard guidelines, and Boulanger and Idriss method are considered for the present study. Probabilistic liquefact...
Geo-reinforcement is one of the most important utilities whose primary function is to mechanically enhance the strength of soil specifically engineered for the construction of geo-structures. Utilizing polymer-based geosynthetic reinforcement for various applications in pavements has been successfully used for the past few decades. However, with th...
Particle migration through porous media is a complex phenomenon where the stability of the ground against deformation gets enhanced by virtue of the reduction in hydraulic conductivity. Factors such as constriction size distribution of the porous media, rheology of the injecting fluid, injection pressure/flow rate, and boundary stresses predominant...
Exploratory studies have been carried out to identify the potential natural gas hydrate reserves for commercially producing gas. While extracting the gas from the hydrate-bearing sediments using various dissociation techniques, there will be a significant loss of strength in these sediments. It is well known that the behavior of gas hydrate sedimen...
The poromechanical behaviour of granular materials are influenced by the rheological properties and stress state of the injected fluid in addition to the state of the porousmedia. Fluid injection through a granular continuum generally results in the elastic or plastic deformation of the material which reflects as the change in porosity due to parti...
Laboratory studies of cavity initiation and propagation in weak or cohesionless materials rely on post-test observations to assess fracture geometry. The experimental setup in this work is a Hele-Shaw cell, which allows for visualization of cavity initiation and propagation within the sand pack, modified to apply differential confinement to a fully...
Cohesion between grains in a geological system is perhaps the simplest and ideal representation of a range of material systems including soft rocks, structured soils, mudstones, cemented sands, powder compacts, and carbonate sands. This presence of inter granular cohesion is known to alter the ensemble mechanical response when subjected to varied b...
The macro-scale behavior of granular materials is strongly influenced by grain kinematics. The mobility of the grains in turn is affected by grain morphology which needs to be comprehensively characterized. Initially, morphological descriptors were determined by manual processes which were tedious and cumbersome. But with the help of image processi...
Natural gas hydrates are crystalline solids formed by the intrusion of gas molecules (such as CH4 generated due to geological processes) into water at high pressure and low temperature. Methane gas hydrate sediments generally occur naturally in permafrost region sand in deep-sea continental shelves where the water depth is more than 500 m below the...
Biocemented earthen structures like termite mounds can be ten times stronger than the surrounding soil and can last for decades to centuries. Their architecture harvests wind energy for ventilation in order to achieve highly controlled internal environment and has inspired construction of energy-efficient buildings but little is known about the che...
Phenomenological models using plasticity theory are constantly evolving with the increased computational advancements. This evolution is inevitable especially for modeling heterogeneous, anisotropic materials systems like granular or cemented granular materials as newer aspects of their physics come to light. In this study, we present a brief compe...
Shear resistance in granular ensembles is a result of interparticle interaction and friction. However, even the presence of small amounts of cohesion between the particles changes the landscape of the mechanical response considerably. Very often such cohesive frictional (c-ϕ) granular ensembles are encountered in nature as well as while handling an...
This paper presents the effect of particle morphology
(grain shape) on the mechanical response of granular
materials. Two model systems with extreme differences in
morphology were selected (spherical glass ballotini and
angular sand) for this experimental programme. A series
of hollow cylinder torsion tests were conducted in this programme
under mo...
In nature, weakly cemented granular materials are encountered in the form of soft rocks such as limestone, sandstone, mudstone, shale, etc. The mechanical behaviour of these materials is quite different from the purely frictional granular materials. The presence of cementation between the grains causes a significant variation in mechanical response...
Phenomenological models using plasticity theory are constantly evolving with the increased computational advancements. This evolution is inevitable especially for modeling heterogeneous, anisotropic materials systems like granular or cemented granular materials as newer aspects of their physics come to light. In this study, we present a brief compe...
Termite mounds are bioengineered granular ensembles that remain stable over decades, a vital requirement for termite societies that house millions of individual termites. An experimental study on the mechanobiology of mounds and mound soil of the fungus-growing termite Odontotermes obesus (Rambur) demonstrated that termites are capable engineers. M...
In this paper, we present the design and development of a portable, hand-operated composite compliant mechanism for estimating the failure-load of cm-sized stiff objects whose stiffness is of the order of 10 s of kN/m. The motivation for the design comes from the need to estimate the failure-load of mesoscale cemented sand specimens in situ, which...
A comprehensive experimental study has been made on angular sand to investigate various aspects of mechanical behavior. A hollow cylinder torsion testing apparatus is used in this program to apply a range of stress conditions on this angular quartzitic fine sand under monotonic drained shear. The effect of the magnitude and inclination of the princ...
The mechanical behaviour of a granular ensemble at a macro scale is an integration of the inter-particle interactions. Even though manifold parameters at multiple length scales govern the behaviour of granular materials, particle shape and size are considered paramount in governing the ensemble level mechanical response such as the strength, stiffn...
Sand is a naturally occurring, cohesionless, granular material with varying morphology. It has been well studied as a model frictional material, and the strength of the sand ensemble is derived from the inter-granular friction. Facets of sand behaviour, such as the inherent anisotropy and effect of intermediate principal stress, are extremely impor...
The mechanical behaviour of cohesive-frictional granular materials is a combination of the strength pervading as intergranular friction (represented as an angle of internal friction - Φ), and the cohesion (C) between these particles. Most behavioral or constitutive models of this class of granular materials comprise of a cohesion and frictional com...