Ramchander Merugu

• M. Tech, PhD, PGDRE
• Professor (Assistant) at Mahatma Gandhi University Nalgonda India

In this present communication biomediated synthesis of Indium oxide nanoparticles using plant juice of Borassus flabellifer ( Toddy Palm) was investigated. Toddy palm juice extract fractions were prepared by using Milli-Q water and they were mixed with Indium Acetylacetonate for synthesis of Indium oxide nanoparticles. The formed Indium oxide nanop...

In the present study, synthesis of bimetallic silver and copper nanoparticles was carried out using Moringa oleifera (drumstick) fruit pulp aqueous extracts and the antimicrobial activity was assessed using this method. They were characterized using UV–Visible spectra, FTIR spectra, Electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Antimicrobial activity...

The bimetallic nickel and bismuth nanoparticles were synthesized using toddy collected from the Borassus flabellifer tree. The green synthesized bimetallic nickel and bismuth nanoparticles were characterized through UV–visible spectroscopy; Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy; Scanning electron microscopy; and Energy dispersive X-ray studies....

In the current study, green synthesis of bimetallic Ag/Cu and Cu/Zn bimetallic nanoparticles were carried out using toddy and were characterized. The formed Ag/Cu bimetallic nanoparticles were brown in colour while the formed Cu/Zn nanoparticles were green. Simultaneous synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles in a single pot was investigated using to...

In the present study, the green fabrication of Indium tin oxide bimetallic nanoparticles using toddy palm from Borassus flabellifer was studied. The precursors used were for the fabrication of Indium tin oxide nanoparticles were Indium acetylacetonate and Tin Bis (acetylacetonate) dichloride and Toddy palm from the plant Borassus falbellifer. The p...

The treatment of dye wastewater is crucial due to the potential toxicity of dyes and their detectability even at very low concentrations. Membrane technology offers a promising avenue for dye removal, but challenges such as membrane fouling and trade-off effects limit its efficiency. To address this, we synthesized and characterized a novel conduct...

Humanistic hustle has popularised a huge number of contaminants in the emerging world of environment. Presently, the most important micropollutants considered worldwide were hormone disrupting chemicals and antibiotics remarkably affects the living flora and fauna. In the present world of system, the onset and destiny of endocrine disrupting chemic...

Manganese/zinc oxide nanocomposites (Mn/ZnO-NCs) were derived from electronic waste, utilizing Borassus flabellifer (toddy palm) and metals extracted from discarded batteries. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV-visible spectroscopy characterization of...

The immune system of the mammalian body interacts with a foreign particle in a diversified way and such interplay helps the immune system in proper functioning and development, in order to protect our body. Majorly microbiota, foreign particles, and other intermediate toxic chemicals boost the power of an innate and adaptive immune system, this orc...

Peanut allergy poses a significant global health concern, triggering hypersensitivity reactions upon exposure to peanuts. Understanding the molecular mechanisms governing peanut-specific immune responses is imperative for developing effective therapeutic approaches. This study aimed to investigate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and associate...

The escalating prevalence of microorganisms that are multidrug-resistant (MDR) causes a substantial risk to public health worldwide, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies. A large population of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, have evolved resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents, making conventional therap...

One of the recent and actively researched areas is the synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles (BMNPs). Silver and gold BMNPs are prepared from aqueous AgNO 3 and HAuCL 4 as the precursors using the as prepared culture filtrate of Rhodopseudomonas faecalis as a reducing agent in aqueous medium. An ambient temperature of 25°C is maintained throughout...

Molecules that are 10-9 nanometers in size are commonly referred to as nanoparticles, and they frequently have characteristics including homogeneity in size and shape, conductivity, and optical qualities. The size, shape, and content of nanoparticles largely define their physical and chemical characteristics. The features of single component nanopa...

In the current study, soil samples were gathered from different places where petrol and diesel filling stations were located for isolation of photosynthetic bacteria under anaerobic conditions using the paraffin wax-overlay pour plate method with Biebl and Pfennig’s medium. The three isolated strains were named Rhodopseudomonas palustris SMR 001 (M...

Sustainable Utilization of Fungi in Agriculture and Industry covers current knowledge about of different fungal microorganisms, including economically important filamentous fungi and yeasts. 22 chapters summarize recent information about scientific investigations and the application of fungi in the production of industrial enzymes, organic acids (c...

The biological synthesis of nanoparticles is gaining attention due to the wide area of applications it offers. Using microbes and plants synthesis of nanoparticles is the most eco-friendly approach and is also cost effective method. Plants, microorganisms will be able to consume the inorganic metal ions from other niche. Nanoparticles can be produc...

Nanotechnology is a branch of science that is highly evolving and has its applications widespread into diverse fields. Use of metals in the nanoparticles synthesis has received international attention due to its considerable, huge applications in all fields. In recent times, biogenic method of synthesis of nanoparticles is being done using plants,...

In this study dental samples were collected from different hospitals of Hyderabad. Various plant extracts were assayed for phytochemical analysis and also for antibacterial activity. Anti-bacterial activity was screened against the bacteria isolated from decayed tooth sample. Among the plant extracts Piper betel leaf showed good antibacterial activ...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most commonly occurring disease of middle and elderly population, which is characterized by focal loss of joint articular cartilage, osteophyte formation and sub chondral bone remodeling. Classical risk factors of OA include age, gender, weight, joint injury, trauma, however hereditary component is one of the main crucial...

In present research work, isolation of the biopolymer, from the novel strain of phototrophic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria Rhodopseudomonas palustris isolated from sugar industrial effluent, is reported. It is characterized and the efficacy of binding the biopolymer (PHB) with protein (BSA) is investigated. The strain Rp. KRPR02 is selected for...

In this present research work, mono and bimetallic nanoparticles are synthesized from “Rhodopseudomonas palustris KRPR01 and KRPR02.” The synthesized nanoparticles are confirmed by the color change and EDX analysis. Thus, from this study, the nanoparticle synthesized from these bacterial extracts seem to be a promising and effective antibacterial a...

Currently, the starch of edible tubers from underutilized plants has been receiving considerable attention among starch manufacturers for versatile applications because of the abundance, cost-effectiveness, and biodegradability. The present study reports the isolation of a white-coloured crystalline starch of high purity (96.18 g 100 g⁻¹) from the...

Over the recent times with the increasing interest on the environment, every country is trying to utilise every product from a natural resource in a needful manner. Bio-based polymer or biopolymer describes that they are from all plant, animal or microbial origin. With the advancing technology, consumers are also welcoming the synthetically origina...

PHAs have shared an immense impact on the replacement of LDPE. In order to control the environmental pollution without compromising the application, the only polymer having more than 150 varieties is polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs); hence, one biopolymer that can easily replace the plastic is PHAs. As the need of the hour is making our environment gre...

The present study is aiming at synthesis of new heterocycles like benzimidazole nucleus containing Pyrazole, isoxazole and thiazoles. The title compounds were synthesized from 4-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl) oxazol-2-amine (1). The title compounds were evaluated for their in vitro anti-inflammatory activity and showed excellent to moderate activity an...

Exopolysaccharides (EPS) that are secreted by the bacteria are one of the main components of its structure. It is usually associated with the cell wall, or the bio film layer of the bacterial cell consisting of a monosaccharide as a framework or network. The study of its properties, structure, functions and interaction will enable us to gain knowle...

Rich biodiversity is of fundamental significance for the foundation and adaptability of the precipitous biological system. In any case, this huge biodiversity begins vanishing at a quick rate because of human interference and over-exploitation of timberland and other common assets. The status of wildlife in Uttarakhand at Himalaya is much better th...

Hydrogen is extensively thought of as the most hopeful fuel of the future. At present, most of it is generated from the nonrenewable fuels. Biological hydrogen production has several advantages over hydrogen production by other processes. Biological hydrogen production requires the use of a simple solar reactor such as a transparent closed box, wit...

Microscopy methods have been around for decades. Since the samples being tested are becoming smaller and smaller, the field is evolving. This is true as nanomaterials have made their way into many fields of research. The techniques such as Transmission Electron Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) have become...

An efficient one-pot two-step synthesis of substituted-triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-4(5H)-one has been developed. The 3-hydrazineylquinoxalin-2(1H)-one reacts with respective aldehyde to afford the individual hydrazineylidene intermediate which undergoes oxidative cyclization in the presence of ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3.6H2O) to affords vario...

The present study is the synthesis of new heterocyclic moieties like pyrazole, isoxazole and thiazole containing benzimidazole nucleus. The title compounds were synthesized from 4-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl) oxazol-2-amine. The newly synthesised compounds were screened for their in vitro anti-inflammatory activity and demonstrated excellent to moder...

The latest advancements in technology have led to the progress in designing more efficient anaerobic digestion (AD) systems which have incorporated modifications such as feedstock pretreatment methods, bioprocess improvements, techno-economic gas upgrading, and superior digester designs among others. The different types of feedstocks being used, th...

With energy costs reaching historical highs, biohydrogen as an alternate fuel is progressively attracting attention. Production of gas from algae is being thought of as an alternate to other forms of fuels. However, industrial production of biohydrogen remains not practically possible as a result of low biomass concentration and expensive downstrea...

Wetlands are considered to be the surface of the earth which is kept in water for a whole year or part of the year. They are regarded as the most productive ecosystems that are essential to life support systems and harbor a wide range of microbial species. India has several natural wetlands including inland and coastal habitats of wetlands, coverin...

The main source of fungal microflora is originate from materials of plant origin, primarily cereals and feed samples. In relation to humans and animals, mycotoxins exhibit toxic action and are characterized by carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic and estrogenic properties. Due to the diversity of toxic effects, as well as their resistance to the ac...

The screening of essential oils of castor (Ricinuscommunis), palmolive (Elaeisguineensis), groundnut (Arachishypogaea), coconut (Cocosnucifera), brassica (Brassica oleracea), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), Sesame (Sesamumindicum), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus), Neem (Azadirachtaindica), and Olive (Oleaeuropaea) for their effectiveness among the...

In the present study, volatile compounds and food additives were tried for their effectiveness in the control of the development of biomass and citrinin production by three strains of Aspergillus terreus. Fumes of phenols and formic acid altogether repressed citrinin production in three strains of Aspergillus terreus. Among food additives, sodium a...

The present study focus on evaluation of the seed germination as a agricultural important, by green synthesizes and (poly vinyl alcohol coated ZnO nanoparticles) chemical synthesis using co-precipitation method using urea as a reducing agent, its characterization has been done by various instrumental techniques. Synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were c...

The present work reports the synthesis of bimetallic Ag and Cu nanoparticles using aqueous extract of the leaf of Majorana hortensis plant. The resulting single pot green synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by analytical and spectral techniques. The analysis of elemental composition by EDAX revealed the presence of silver and copper elemen...

This research work was carried out from July 2018 to June 2019. WQI method was utilized to examine the seasonal changes in water quality that can indicate the potential use of water in the future. Water samples were tested from three locations along the Mandakini River. Fourteen physical and chemical parameters were analyzed. All water quality para...

In recent times, the curriculum of the courses includes the instrumentation needed for understanding the different aspects of the discipline and has become an essential part. It is envisaged that students should the details and principles of the instrumentation used for biological investigations which will enable the students to be confident about...

Abstract: The coronaviruses are enveloped viruses with a positive-sense ssRNA genome, possess helical symmetry, and belongs to family Coronaviridae. Theycause mild to lethal respiratory tract infections in both mammals and birds. The more pathogenic coronaviruses cause SARS, MERS, and COVID-19. The recent coronavirus outbreak was first discovered i...

In the present study, Rhodopseudomonas palustris a proteolytic purple non sulphur bacterium was used as biofertiliser and its effect on the root and shoot lengths of four plants have been investigated. To study its potential as biofertiliser, it was primarily screened by seed germination and roots and shoot length growth. In our study, we have obse...

Phytoplankton are important biological indicators of water quality. This current study assessed the physicochemical parameters and phytoplankton diversity of Mandakini River, an important tributary of the River Ganga. Water and phytoplankton samples were collected from three sampling sites located at three different altitudes for a period of twelve...

Garhwal Himalaya has a wide network of aquatic bodies in the form of rivers, lakes, tributaries, reservoirs, wetlands and ponds. These water bodies harbor very good fish diversity hence can be used for intensive fish culture. Pethia ticto was collected with the help of casting net and other local fishing methods from the Khanda Gad, a tributary of...

A series of new triazinane-2-thiones and imino thiazolidinone-4-ones were synthesized from 2-acetylbenzimidazole (1). Treatment of compound 1 with urea in the presence of I2 furnishes compound (2), which on reaction with Aryl isothiocyanateaffords the compound (3), which undergoes Cyclic condensation of classical Mannich amino methylation of compou...

Gum mediated synthesized nanoparticles are simple, cost effective and eco-friendly and have various applications in different fields. Gum mediated synthesis is a novel synthesis, which gives high yield compared to other plant extracts and they also reduce the use and generation of hazardous substances. The yellowish nanoparticles of Indium oxide wi...

Graphene which is one of the latest additions to nanocarbon family has peculiar band structure, extraordinary thermal and electronic conductance and room temperature quantum Hall effect. It is used in for various applications in diverse fields ranging from catalysis to electronics. In addition to being components in electronic devices, GO have been...

Synthesis and Characterisation of Indium Oxide Nanoparticles and Nanofluids with different gums

The present paper describes palladium-catalyzed facile approach for the synthesis of 1-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-6-yl)-N-(6-phenylpyridin-2-yl)cyclopropanecarboxamide derivatives. The structures of synthesized compounds have been established on the basis of their nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectral data. Docking studies of the synth...

Among the energy sources, the depletion of non-renewable energy is of great concern in thepresent days. The non- renewable energy deposits are continuously depleted by humanwithdrawals. An alarming situation of continuous depletion in the natural resources by anincreased consumption of energy, the urge to look out for alternate ways for energyprodu...

In coming years, nanotechnology is likely to have a significant impact in different fields likemedicine and electronics. Nanorobotics is emerging as a demanding field dealing withminiscule things at molecular level. Nano robots perform a specific task with precision atnanoscale dimensions. Nano robots are especially used for studies on Alzheimer di...

A series of new and efficient Benzo [d] imidazole-2-yl-3, 5 substituted diphenyl-3,3a.5.6-Tetrahydro 2H-pyrazole thiazole derivatives (4a-j) were synthesized from Schiff base derivatives of thiazolidinediones (3a-j) using hydrazine hydrate. The synthesized compounds were screened for their antitubercular and molecular docking studies. The results o...

Nanotechnology can overcome many technical hurdles due to their unique properties and small size compared to macrosize particles. Carbon and graphene are the major nanomaterial sources that are widely explored. They are widely produced by chemical, physical, and biological methods. Compared to the chemical and physical methods which are energy inte...

Thermophilic fungi, found in the varied habitats are valuable sources for potential enzymes and other biochemical metabolites throwing challenges to the mycologists. A study of such fungi will not only enables the biochemists, microbiologists, and the biotechnologists to understand the basic molecular process but also search for novel genes, gene p...

A simple method was developed to synthesize 1-phenyl-3-(4-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine and docking for this compound was presented. This synthetic method was proven by an independent synthesis starting from the 3-bromopyridine-2-carboxylic acids as starting material. The structures of the compounds obtained were co...

In the present investigation, genetic variability has been observed at RNA secondary structures, indicating evolution apparently acting at structural levels of RNA. It has also been observed that the rRNA folding pattern in KF011915 Rhodobacter sphaeroides SMR001 is the most stable energetically (i.e.-425.40 kcal mol-1) compared to other Rhodobacte...

In the present study some new isoaxazole based Shciff base binary metal complexes were synthesized from Schiff base ligand The spectral studies revealed that Co(II) and Cu(II) complexes have octahedral geometry; Zn(II) complex has Tetrahedral structure where as Pd(II) complex shown square planar geometry. The Schiff base ligand and its correspondin...

A two-step method which is cost-effective and reliable was used to prepare stable Indium oxide nanofluids by dispersing biosynthesized Indium oxide nanoparticles in ethylene glycol base fluid with a surfactant PVP and Albumin Protein. The precursors Indium (III) Acetylacetonate and Gum Acacia were used for obtaining Indium oxide nanoparticles. The...

In the present study, highest hydrogen production by Rhodobacter sphaeroides was seen in lactose and mannitol as carbon sources. Glutamic acid and tyrosine induced the highest production of hydrogen. Cyanocobalamine induced the highest production of hydrogen. Enhancement of hydrogen production by 23% was seen after knocking out of the hydrogen reup...

Three new Co(III) polypyridyl complexes [Co(phen)2CIIP]³⁺ {CIIP = 2-(5-chloro-3a,H-isoindol-3-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenantholine} (phen = 1,10 phenanthroline), [Co(bpy)2CIIP]³⁺ (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine), and [Co(dmb)2CIIP]³⁺ (dmb = 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine) were synthesized and characterized by different spectral methods. The complexes int...

Three new Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes [Ru(phen)2CIIP]²⁺ (1) {CIIP = 2-(5-Chloro-3a H-Isoindol-3-yl)-1H-Imidazo[4,5-f][1, 10]phenantholine} (phen = 1, 10 phenanthroline), [Ru(bpy)2CIIP]²⁺ (2) (bpy = 2, 2′ bipyridine) and [Ru(dmb)2CIIP]²⁺ (3) (dmb = 4, 4′-dimethyl 2, 2′ bipyridine) were synthesized and characterized by different spectral methods. Th...

This article describes the DNA binding properties of three new Cobalt (III) Polypyridyl complexes [Co(phen)2CMIP] 3+ (1), [Co(bpy)2CMIP] 3+ (2) and [Co(dmb)2CMIP] 3+ (3) where CMIP=2-(2-Chloro-8-methylquinolin-3-yl)w-1H-Imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, bpy = 2, 2′ bipyridine and dmb = 4, 4-dimethyl-2, 2′-bipyridine. T...

In the present study, Rhodobacter sphaeroides isolated from sewage water was investigated for photoproduction of hydrogen under different cultural conditions. The variation was done in carbon and nitrogen sources along with growth factors. It was found that lactose promoted more amounts of hydrogen production under anaerobic light conditions follow...

Background and Objective This study utilizes Rhodobacter sphaeroides bacteria for the photoproduction of hydrogen under various cultural conditions. R. sphaeroides was isolated from sewage water. We have examined different carbon and nitrogen sources for hydrogen production and further established the conditions for optimum hydrogen production by R...

3-(3,5-Dimethylisoxazol-4-yl)-2-arylthiazolidin-4-ones 3a-l have been synthesized from 4-amino-3,5-dimethylisoxazole 1 by condensation with aromatic aldehydes, followed by cyclization with mercaptoacetic acid in excellent yields, and have been evaluated for in vitro antioxidant activity. Based on potential antioxidant property, compounds 3c, 3e, 3h...

The developments in Science and Technology has led to the evolution of the new disciplines like nanotechnology with better applications in different areas like defence, medicine, environment, agriculture, pharmacy and other industries. Nanotechnology involves manipulation of matter at the atomic level and works with the devices and structures with...

Chromones group of compounds and their derivatives form the essential component of pharmacophores in many biologically active molecules. They exhibit a wide range of biological activities such as antibiotic, antitumor, antiviral, antioxidant, antipsychotic, and antihypoxic activities. These applications have stimulated a continuous search for the s...

The anoxygenic photosynthetic purple non sulphur bacteria are versatile in their habitats and were reported to degrade and remove toxic chemicals in polluted waters. In the present study, 5 photosynthetic purple non sulphur bacteria were isolated from fresh water, Rice fields and Effluents of boiled rice industry from different places of Mahabubnag...

An improved protocol for the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives, starting from ethyl 3-iodobenzoate is reported. In this present communication we report synthesis of 3-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)phenyl aryl amide derivatives in good yields. All title compounds were characterized by IR, NMR and Mass spectral analyses.

Proteases occur in all forms of living organisms (plants, animals, fungi and bacteria). Proteases are enzymes collectively known as peptide hydrolases and are responsible for hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a protein molecule. They show varying substrate specificities and are classified into acidic, neutral and alkaline proteases depending on the pH...

In the present study, in vitro dissolution kinetics of Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) loaded with antibiotics kanamycin, kanamycin, rifampicin, spectinomycin and cephalexin and the bimetallic silver, copper nanoparticles were done and results are presented. The nanoparticles were synthesized using a green method and were loaded to see the effect of incorp...

A series of novel isoxazolyl azetidin-2-ones, 4a-h and thiazolidin-4-ones, 5a-h were synthesized from (E)-3-(methylimino)-N-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)butanamides, 3a-h. The four-membered β-lactam ring was built by adding choloroacetyl chloride to butanamides, 3a-h in the presence of triethylamine to give 4a-h. Cyclocondensation of mercapto acetic acid...

Bone marrow aspirates form patients with multiple myeloma were obtained and lymphocytes were isolated using density gradient centrifugation. The APase activity of the samples ranged from 12 to 88 nmol/0.2 × 10⁶ cells as compared to the very low activity present in normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes PBL. Neither the unstimulated nor the mitog...

Introduction: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a B-cell malignancy accounting for 0.8% of all cancer deaths globally. This malignancy is characterized by lytic bone disease renal insufficiency, anemia, hypercalcemia, and immunodeficiency. The myeloma cells have enhanced expression of CD138. CD138 is a transmembrane heparin sulfate glycoprotein expressed o...

In the present study, green synthesis of bimetallic silver and copper nanoparticles were carried out using fruit pulp of Palmyra and characterized using UV-visible spectra, Fourier transform infrared spectra, Scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. To investigate if fruit pulp can be used for simultaneous synthesis of two different nan...

Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micelle has been found its use for efficient and selective bromination reactions with phenols, anilines and acetanilides have been carried out under solvent free conditions. A mixture of metal salt (Zirconyl Nitrate and Ammonium molybdate), organic substrate and KBr or KBrO3 are taken in a mortar and grounded w...

In the present study, photoproduction of hydrogen by Allochromatium sp. strain GSKRLMBKU-01 isolated from marine water was measured under different cultural conditions. Hydrogen production was measured by using a Gas chromatography using argon gas as a carrier. Among different carbon and nitrogen sources used, succinate induced maximum hydrogen (5....