Ralph W. Larkin

City University of New York - John Jay College of Criminal Justice | John Jay CUNY · Department of Sociology

The rampage of Elliot Rodger adjacent to the campus of the University of California, Santa Barbara in May 2014 is used as a case study of how a sexually and socially frustrated and isolated young man from a highly privileged background became a rampage shooter. He followed a route typical of post‐Columbine rampage shooters by socializing himself to...

The article on counterculture begins with an exploration of the counterculture of the 1960s. The definition of the term ‘counterculture’ is examined and refined. The legacy of the counterculture of the 1960s is analyzed in light of subsequent social and cultural changes. The English revolution of the mid-seventeenth century is explored as an histor...

On April 20, 1999, Dylan Klebold and Eric Harris perpetrated the largest rampage shooting in history of American education. The shootings initiated a debate about the causes. Sociological research indicates that the shootings were the consequence of predatory violence by student elites. Such violence is often visited upon outcast student groups who...

Perineural inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor have recently generated intense interest as an alternative to epidural steroid injections for lumbosacral radiculopathy. To evaluate whether epidural steroids, etanercept, or saline better improves pain and function in adults with lumbosacral radiculopathy. A multicenter, 3-group, randomized, placebo-c...

The outbreak of rampage school shootings in the United States beginning in the 1980s can be connected to contested notions of masculinity in the culture wars of the previous decades. Traditional masculinity was undermined by postwar consumer culture and by the social movements of the 1960s and 1970s, particularly women’s liberation and gay liberati...

Objectives: Investigate the effects of ischemic compression [IC] technique and passive stretching [PS] in isolation and in combination on the reduction of spontaneous electrical activity [SEA] and perceived pain in trigger points [TrPs] located in the upper trapezius muscle. Methods: Ninety participants with TrPs in the upper trapezius muscle were...

The purpose of this article is to explore how the Columbine shootings on April 20, 1999, influenced subsequent school rampage shootings. First, school rampage shootings are defined to distinguish them from other forms of school violence. Second, post-Columbine shootings and thwarted shootings are examined to determine how they were influenced by Co...

Background: Perineural inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor have recently generated intense interest as an alternative to epidural steroid injections for lumbosacral radiculopathy.

On April 20, 1999, two Colorado teenagers went on a shooting rampage at Columbine High School. That day, Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold killed twelve fellow students and a teacher, as well as wounding twenty-four other people, before they killed themselves. Although there have been other books written about the tragedy, this is the first serious, im...

Unlabelled: In recent military conflicts the major source of soldier attrition has not been battle injuries but more mundane causes similar to those encountered in civilian life. In an effort to determine the pain conditions affecting soldiers during wartime, we conducted an observational study among 162 soldiers medically evacuated from Operation...

This book presents a comprehensive theory of social movements from an historical and comparative perspective. The authors present a definition of social movements, identify the characteristics of social movements, and analyze the evolution of social movements as conflict between moving participants and those who oppose them escalate. The authors di...

In the wake of the youth movement of the 1960s, social movement participants were caught between a vision of an alternative mode of living that could not be fulfilled and a social system that they had rejected. This created a life construction crisis, to which post-movement groups attempted to solve. Some advocated violence, some claimed to promote...

This article discusses the cultural crisis experienced by youth in the early 1970s, when countercultural values conflicted with the values of the larger Western society. The locus of motivation in a significant number of young people had shifted from working hard to get ahead, impulse repression, future orientation, and interpersonal competition to...

Based on participant-observation research at an upper-middle class suburban high school, this book incisively explains the causes and consequences of the decline of American public education throughout the 1960s and 1970s.

This paper is the result of a two-and-a-half year participant-observation study in which the authors analyze the basis of Guru Maharaj Ji’s appeal to ex-movement participants in the early 1970s. The youth movement of the 1960s had generated a reinterpretation of reality that called into question conventional reality. When the movement declined, the...

The cohesion of the white middle class youth movement of the 1960s was based upon a shared subculture of dissidence. So long as this subculture was evolving in the direction of a more intense, more widespread revolt, with broader aims, each successive cultural phase had been spearheaded by an indicative minority which acted out the most profound im...

A study of teacher leadership styles and classroom climates in seventy-five elementary school classrooms showed that teacher task and expressive orientations strongly influenced classroom morale. Teacher use of power had no effect, thus calling into question interpretations of previous studies of teacher leadership. Teacher power orientation showed...

In a study of 75 Southern California classrooms, it was found that both the demographic context and the internal organization of the school had strong influences on the perceived classroom leadership styles of the teachers in it. Teachers in schools with high proportions of minority pupils were perceived by students as much more authoritarian than...

This report was written to assist in grounding and directing the use of the Elementary School Evaluation KIT within the context of real life educational decisionmaking. The KIT is an attempt to provide a cybernetic feedback system for schools to interact with aspects of their environments. The report notes that users must have some goals in mind be...