About
529
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Introduction
Developed Physcomitrella to a flagship model organism for basic & applied science.
First identification of a gene function in plants by gene targeting.
First functional identification of an organelle-division protein.
First genome sequence of a lower plant.
First description of microRNA-mediated transcriptional gene silencing.
First identification of a master regulator for asexual reproduction.
First identification of a single gene trigger for embryogenesis.
First identification of a basal genetic core set for stomata formation.
First description of a pre-lignin pathway.
Invention of the Moss Bioreactor for the production of biopharmaceuticals.
Founder of Greenovation and founding PI of 3 Excellence Clusters.
Current institution
Additional affiliations
October 2013 - September 2015
USIAS - University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study
Position
- Fellow
Position
- Co-founder
January 2004 - present
Position
- Professor
Description
- As a member of the tri-national ESBS, I take part in teaching and administrative activities of this biotechnology school.
Publications
Publications (529)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) control gene expression in animals and plants. Like another class of small RNAs, siRNAs, they affect gene expression posttranscriptionally. While siRNAs in addition act in transcriptional gene silencing, a role of miRNAs in transcriptional regulation has been less clear. We show here that in moss Physcomitrella patens mutants wit...
Plants characteristically alternate between haploid gametophytic and diploid sporophytic stages. Meiosis and fertilization respectively initiate these two different ontogenies. Genes triggering ectopic embryo development on vegetative sporophytic tissues are well described; however, a genetic control of embryo development from gametophytic tissues...
Stomata are microscopic valves on plant surfaces that originated over 400 million years (Myr) ago and facilitated the greening of Earth’s continents by permitting efficient shoot–atmosphere gas exchange and plant hydration. However, the core genetic machinery regulating stomatal development in non-vascular land plants is poorly understood and their...
Lignin, one of the most abundant biopolymers on Earth, derives from the plant phenolic metabolism. It appeared upon terrestrialization and is thought critical for plant colonization of land. Early diverging land plants do not form lignin, but already have elements of its biosynthetic machinery. Here we delete in a moss the P450 oxygenase that defin...
The most extreme environments are the most vulnerable to transformation under a rapidly changing climate. These ecosystems harbor some of the most specialized species, which will likely suffer the highest extinction rates. We document the steepest temperature increase (2010–2021) on record at altitudes of above 4,000 meters, triggering a decline of...
Although plants share core cell division mechanisms with other eukaryotes, their unique features-such as acentrosomal spindle formation and cytokinesis via the phragmoplast-suggest the existence of plant-specific genes. This study used the model bryophyte Physcomitrium patens to uncover such genes and employed CRISPR-based screening to identify nov...
Mosses, the largest lineage of seed-free plants, have smaller and less variable genome sizes than flowering plants. Nevertheless, whether this difference results from divergent genome dynamics is poorly known. Here, we use newly generated chromosome-scale genome assemblies for Funaria hygrometrica and comparative analysis with other moss and seed p...
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are the main causal agent of cervical and other anogenital cancers. Modern HPV vaccines are based on virus-like particles (VLPs), which are self-assembling nanoparticles composed of viral structural proteins. VLPs mimic native virions but lack viral DNA, rendering them non-infectious while retaining high immuno...
Bacterial cell division and plant chloroplast division require selfassembling Filamentous temperature-sensitive Z (FtsZ) proteins. FtsZ proteins are GTPases sharing structural and biochemical similarities with eukaryotic tubulin. In the moss Physcomitrella, the morphology of the FtsZ polymer networks varies between the different FtsZ isoforms. The...
Acylamino acid-releasing enzyme (AARE) is an evolutionary deeply conserved bifunctional serine protease. In its exopeptidase mode, AARE cleaves N-terminally acetylated or otherwise blocked amino acids from the N-terminus of peptides and probably even intact proteins. In its endopeptidase mode, AARE cleaves oxidised proteins at internal positions. A...
Spider dragline silk stands out as a remarkable biomaterial, representing one of nature's toughest fibres. Its strength rivals that of many synthetic fibres used commercially, rendering it applicable across various industrial and medical domains. However, its widespread utilisation requires cost-effective mass production. Biotechnology presents a p...
Key message
Analysis of the N-terminome of Physcomitrella reveals N-terminal monomethylation of nuclear-encoded, mitochondria-localized proteins.
Abstract
Post- or co-translational N-terminal modifications of proteins influence their half-life as well as mediating protein sorting to organelles via cleavable N-terminal sequences that are recognized...
The phenylpropanoid pathway is one of the plant metabolic pathways most prominently linked to the transition to terrestrial life, but its evolution and early functions remain elusive. Here, we show that activity of the t-cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase (C4H), the first plant-specific step in the pathway, emerged concomitantly with the CYP73 gene family...
Post- or co-translational N-terminal modifications of proteins influence their half-life as well as mediating protein sorting to organelles via cleavable N-terminal sequences that are recognized by the respective translocation machinery. Here, we provide an overview on the current modification state of the N-termini of over 4500 proteins from the m...
Hydroxylation of prolines to 4-trans-hydroxyproline (Hyp) is mediated by prolyl-4 hydroxylases (P4Hs). In plants, Hyps occur in Hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs), and are frequently O-glycosylated. While both modifications are important, e.g. for cell wall stability, they are undesired in plant-made pharmaceuticals. Sequence motifs for prol...
The moss Physcomitrella is a promising production platform for green biopharmaceuticals. To further increase production yields of this platform, we identified terminator sequences to be used in future applications. In addition, we investigated which attributes make a terminator a good choice for biomanufacturing. Overall, our results improve plant-...
As part of an extensive, decade-long investigation we have assembled the genome of Takakia lepidozioides, a moss collected at 4,000 m altitude on the Tibetan Plateau. This region of the Himalayas, often referred to as the "roof of the world", is one of the harshest environments in the world and has promoted a highly adapted endemic flora, including...
Mosses, such as Physcomitrella, encode six prolyl 4-hydroxylases in four subfamilies
Computational analysis reveals specific environment for proline hydroxylation
AlphaFold structure models and mass spectrometry reveal features of modification
Quantitative proteomics and mutant analysis identify relevant modifying enzyme
Modelling suggests relevant...
Cell division in bacteria and plastid division in plants both require self assembling Filamentous temperature-sensitive Z (FtsZ) proteins as key components of their division machinery. FtsZ proteins are soluble GTPases sharing structural and biochemical similarities with eukaryotic tubulin. In the moss Physcomitrella, the morphology of the FtsZ pol...
The moss Physcomitrium patens (P. patens), formerly known as Physcomitrella patens, has ascended to prominence as a pivotal model organism in plant biology. Its simplicity in structure and life cycle, coupled with genetic amenability, has rendered it indispensable in unraveling the complexities of land plant evolution and responses to environmental...
Key message
Characterization of Physcomitrella 3′UTRs across different promoters yields endogenous single and double terminators for usage in molecular pharming.
Abstract
The production of recombinant proteins for health applications accounts for a large share of the biopharmaceutical market. While many drugs are produced in microbial and mammalia...
Peatlands contain twice the amount of fixed carbon as all global forests combined, despite covering only 3% of the Earth's surface. Many peatlands are currently drained to use the land for conventional agriculture or peat extraction, turning the otherwise carbon sequestering peatlands into sources of carbon emissions. The production of Sphagnum mos...
With the moss Physcomitrella (Physcomitrium patens) the family of Funariaceae comprises the first established model species representing the early-diverging land plant lineage of bryophytes. The family is characterized by traces of multiple rounds of ancient whole genome duplications and frequent observations of natural hybrids. Recent phylogenetic...
Often overlooked, these small but otherwise brilliant plants began covering Earth’s land masses more than 450 million years ago. They saw the dinosaurs come and go, and they saw us humans coming.
Mosses, liverworts and hornworts comprise the bryophytes, the second largest monophyletic clade of land plants (embryophytes), after the vascular plants (...
As part of an extensive, decade-long investigation we have assembled the genome of Takakia lepidozioides, a moss collected at 4,000 m altitude on the Tibetan Plateau. This region of the Himalayas, often referred to as "roof of the world", is one of the harshest environments in the world and has promoted a highly adapted endemic flora, including T....
The phenylpropanoid pathway is a plant metabolism intimately linked to the transition to terrestrial life. It produces phenolic compounds that play essential roles in stress mitigation and ecological interactions. The pathway also provides the building blocks for hydrophobic polymers that form apoplastic diffusion barriers and make up a significant...
Oxidative burst, the rapid production of high levels of reactive oxygen species in response to external stimuli, is an early defense reaction against pathogens. The fungal elicitor chitosan causes an oxidative burst in the moss Physcomitrium patens (formerly Physcomitrella patens), mainly due to the peroxidase enzyme Prx34. To better understand the...
The production of recombinant proteins for health applications accounts for a large share of the biopharmaceutical market. While many drugs are produced in microbial and mammalian systems, plants gain more attention as expression hosts to produce eukaryotic proteins. In particular the GMP-compliant moss Physcomitrella ( Physcomitrium patens ) has o...
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a housekeeping protein that plays an important role in the energy metabolism and is found in all kingdoms of life. While animals possess one GAPDH isoform, plants possess several GAPDHs. GAPA and GAPB are chloroplastic phosphorylating GAPDHs involved in the Calvin-Benson cycle. GAPC in the cytosol...
Electrical and calcium signals in plants are one of the basic carriers of information transmitted over a long distance. Together with reactive oxygen species (ROS) waves, electrical and calcium signals can participate in cell-to-cell signaling, conveying information about different stimuli, e.g. abiotic stress, pathogen infection, or mechanical inj...
Electrical and calcium signals in plants are one of the basic carriers of information transmitted over a long distance. Together with reactive oxygen species (ROS) waves, electrical and calcium signals can participate in cell-to-cell signaling, conveying information about different stimuli, e.g. abiotic stress, pathogen infection, or mechanical inj...
Oxidative burst, the rapid production of high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to external stimuli, is an early defense reaction against pathogens. The fungal elicitor chitosan causes an oxidative burst in the moss Physcomitrella (new species name: Physcomitrium patens) mainly due to the peroxidase enzyme Prx34. To better underst...
Human complement is the first line of defence against invading pathogens and is involved in tissue homeostasis. Complement-targeted therapies to treat several diseases caused by a dysregulated complement are highly desirable. Despite huge efforts invested in their development, only very few are currently available, and a deeper understanding of the...
The auxin efflux PIN‐FORMED (PIN) proteins are conserved in all land plants and important players in plant development. In the moss Physcomitrella (Physcomitrium patens), three canonical PINs (PpPINA–C) are expressed in the leafy shoot (gametophore). PpPINA and PpPINB show functional activity in vegetative growth and sporophyte development. Here, w...
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are constant by-products of aerobic life. In excess, ROS lead to cytotoxic protein aggregates, which are a hallmark of ageing in animals and linked to age-related pathologies in humans. Acylamino acid-releasing enzymes (AARE) are bifunctional serine proteases, acting on oxidized proteins. AARE are found in all domains...
B lymphocytes recognize bacterial or viral antigens via different classes of the B cell antigen receptor (BCR). Protrusive structures termed microvilli cover lymphocyte surfaces, and are thought to perform sensory functions in screening antigen-bearing surfaces. Here, we have used lattice light-sheet microscopy in combination with tailored custom-b...
The auxin efflux PIN-FORMED (PIN) proteins are conserved in all land plants and important players in plant development. In the moss Physcomitrella (Physcomitrium patens) three canonical PINs (PpPINA-C) are expressed in the leafy shoot (gametophore). PpPINA and PpPINB show functional activity in vegetative growth and sporophyte development. Here, we...
Human complement is the first line of defence against invading pathogens and is involved in tissue homeostasis. Complement-targeted therapies to treat several diseases caused by a dysregulated complement are highly desirable. Despite huge efforts invested in their development, only very few are currently available, and a deeper understanding of the...
Sphagnum mosses are important carbon sequesters and emerging model organisms. However, induction and long-term cultivation of thalloid protonema in several species was not achievable so far. Here, we provide protocols for a set of new tools relevant for Sphagnum molecular biology: a new way for Sphagnum protoplast isolation and regeneration, and a...
Sphagnum mosses are important carbon sequesters and emerging model organisms. However, induction and long-term cultivation of thalloid protonema in several species was not achievable so far. Here, we provide protocols for a set of new tools relevant for Sphagnum molecular biology: a new way for Sphagnum protoplast isolation and regeneration, and a...
Ralf Reski studied biology, chemistry and pedagogics in Giessen and Hamburg, where he became Doctor of Science in 1990 and received his Habilitation in General Botany in 1994. He was awarded a Heisenberg Fellowship by the German Research Foundation and moved to Freiburg in 1997. After offers from national and international universities, he was appo...
The auxin efflux PIN-FORMED (PIN) proteins are conserved in all land plants and important players in plant development. In the moss Physcomitrella (Physcomitrium patens) three canonical PINs (PpPINA-C) are expressed in the gametophore. PpPINA and PpPINB show functional activity in vegetative growth and sporophyte development. Here, we examined the...
Cultivated oat (Avena sativa L.) is an allohexaploid (AACCDD, 2n = 6x = 42) thought to have been domesticated more than 3,000 years ago while growing as a weed in wheat, emmer and barley fields in Anatolia1,2. Oat has a low carbon footprint, substantial health benefits and the potential to replace animal-based food products. However, the lack of a...
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are constant by-products of aerobic life. In excess, ROS lead to cytotoxic protein aggregates, which are a hallmark of ageing in animals and linked to age-related pathologies in humans. Acylamino acid-releasing enzymes (AARE) are bifunctional serine proteases, acting on oxidized proteins. AARE are found in all domains...
Background
While genome evolutionary processes of seed plants are intensively investigated, very little is known about seed-free plants in this respect. Here, we use one of the largest groups of seed-free plants, the mosses, and newly generated chromosome-scale genome assemblies to investigate three poorly known aspects of genome dynamics and their...
Asymmetric cell division (ACD) underlies the development of multicellular organisms. In animal ACD, the cell division site is determined by active spindle-positioning mechanisms. In contrast, it is considered that the division site in plants is determined prior to mitosis by the microtubule-actin belt known as the preprophase band (PPB) and that th...
B lymphocytes recognize bacterial or viral antigens via different classes of the B cell antigen receptor (BCR). Protrusive structures termed microvilli cover lymphocyte surfaces and are thought to perform sensory functions in screening antigen-bearing surfaces. Here, we have studied the cell surface features of Ramos B cells and the spatiotemporal...
Spider silk threads have exceptional mechanical properties such as toughness, elasticity and low density, which reach maximum values compared to other fibre materials. They are superior even compared to Kevlar and steel. These extraordinary properties stem from long length and specific protein structures. Spider silk proteins can consist of more th...
The complement system constitutes the innate defense against pathogens. Its dysregulation leads to diseases and is a critical determinant in many viral infections, e.g., COVID-19. Factor H (FH) is the main regulator of the alternative pathway of complement activation and could be a therapy to restore homeostasis. However, recombinant FH is not avai...
As biopharmaceuticals, recombinant proteins have become indispensable tools in medicine. An increasing demand, not only in quantity but also in diversity, drives the constant development and improvement of production platforms. The N-glycosylation pattern on biopharmaceuticals plays an important role in activity, serum half-life and immunogenicity....
The moss Physcomitrella is an interesting production host for recombinant biopharmaceuticals. Here we produced MFHR1, a synthetic complement regulator which has been proposed for the treatment of diseases associated to the complement system as part of human innate immunity. We studied the impact of different operation modes for the production proce...
In the animal kingdom, a stunning variety of N-glycan structures have emerged with phylogenetic specificities of various kinds. In the plant kingdom, however, N-glycosylation appears to be strictly conservative and uniform. From mosses to all kinds of gymno- and angiosperms, land plants mainly express structures with the common pentasaccharide core...
Plant viruses are important pathogens able to overcome plant defense mechanisms using their viral suppressors of RNA silencing (VSR). Small RNA pathways of bryophytes and vascular plants have significant similarities, but little is known about how viruses interact with mosses. This study elucidated the responses of Physcomitrella patens to two diff...
Key message: In Physcomitrella, whole-genome duplications affected the expression of about 3.7% of the protein-encoding genes, some of them relevant for DNA repair, resulting in a massively reduced gene-targeting frequency.
Abstract: Qualitative changes in gene expression after an autopolyploidization event, a pure duplication of the whole genome (...
The moss Physcomitrella is an interesting production host for recombinant biopharmaceuticals. Here we produced MFHR1, a synthetic complement regulator which has been proposed for the treatment of diseases associated to the complement system as part of human innate immunity. We studied the impact of different operation modes for the production proce...
As biopharmaceuticals, recombinant proteins have become indispensable tools in medicine. An increasing demand, not only in quantity but also in diversity, drives the constant development and improvement of production platforms. The N -glycosylation pattern on biopharmaceuticals plays an important role in activity, serum half-life and immunogenicity...
In the animal kingdom, a stunning variety of N-glycan structures has emerged with phylogenetic specificities of various kinds. In the plant kingdom, however, N-glycosylation appears as strictly conservative and uniform. From mosses to all kinds of gymno- and angiosperms, land plants mainly express structures with the common pentasaccharide core sub...
Production of biopharmaceuticals relies on the expression of mammalian cDNAs in host organisms. Here we show that the expression of a human cDNA in the moss Physcomitrium patens generates the expected full-length and four additional transcripts due to unexpected splicing. This mRNA splicing results in non-functional protein isoforms, cellular misal...
Although being recognized as a major force behind speciation in flowering plants, the evolutionary relevance of genome duplication (polyploidization) remains largely unexplored in mosses. Phylogenetic and-genomic insights from the model organism Physcomitrella patens and closely related species revealed that polyploidization, likely via hybridizati...
Qualitative changes in gene expression after an autopolyploidization event, a pure duplication of the whole genome, might be relevant for a different regulation of molecular mechanisms between angiosperms growing in a life cycle with a dominant diploid sporophytic stage and the haploid-dominant bryophytes. Whereas angiosperms repair DNA double stra...
Natural products from plants have served mankind in a wide range of applications, such as medicines, perfumes, or flavoring agents. For this reason, synthesis, regulation and function of plant-derived chemicals, as well as the evolution of metabolic diversity, has attracted researchers all around the world. In particular, vascular plants have been...
Peat moss (Sphagnum) biomass is a promising bioresource of renewable material to substitute peat in growing media. For sustainable production on a large scale, the productivity of Sphagnum mosses has to be increased by optimizing culture conditions. Optimization was achieved using experimental design to determine concentrations of eight factors lea...
The complement system constitutes the innate defense against pathogens. Its dysregulation leads to diseases and is a critical determinant in many viral infections, e.g.COVID-19. Factor H (FH) is the main regulator of the alternative pathway of complement activation and could be a therapy to restore homeostasis. However, recombinant FH is not availa...
Cytoskeletal filaments are structures of utmost importance to biological cells and organisms due to their versatility and the significant functions they perform. These biopolymers are most often organised into network-like scaffolds with a complex morphology. Understanding the geometrical and topological organisation of these networks provides key...
Peat moss (Sphagnum) biomass is a promising bioresource to substitute peat in growing media with a renewable material. For sustainable production on a large scale, the productivity of Sphagnum mosses has to be increased by optimizing culture conditions. Optimization was achieved using fractional factorial design and response surface methodology bas...
One sentence summary: The catalytic properties and physiological function of a key enzyme in the phenylpropanoid pathway were conserved across the 500 million years of embryophyte evolution.
ABSTRACT The plant phenylpropanoid pathway generates a major class of specialized metabolites and precursors of essential extracellular polymers that initially...
The plant phenylpropanoid pathway generates a major class of specialized metabolites and precursors of essential extracellular polymers that initially appeared upon plant terrestrialization. Despite its evolutionary significance, little is known about the complexity and function of this major metabolic pathway in extant bryophytes, which represent...
For plants, acclimation to low temperatures is fundamental to survival. This process involves the modification of lipids to maintain membrane fluidity. We previously identified a new cold-induced putative desaturase in Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens. Lipid profiles of null mutants of this gene lack sphingolipids containing monounsaturated C2...
The plant phenylpropanoid pathway generates a major class of specialized metabolites and precursors of essential extracellular polymers that initially appeared upon plant terrestrialization. Despite its evolutionary significance, little is known about the complexity and function of this major metabolic pathway in extant bryophytes, which represent...
Confocal microscopy allows visualization of biopolymer networks at the nano scale. Analyzing the structure and assembly of protein networks from images requires a segmentation process. This has proven to be challenging due to multiple possible sources of noise in images as well as exhibition of out-of-focus planes. Here, we present a deep learning-...
Recombinantly produced proteins are indispensable tools for medical applications. Since the majority of them are glycoproteins, their N-glycosylation profiles are major determinants for their activity, structural properties and safety. For therapeutical applications, a glycosylation pattern adapted to product and treatment requirements is advantage...
Recombinantly produced proteins are indispensable tools for medical applications. Since the majority of them are glycoproteins, their N-glycosylation profiles are major determinants for their activity, structural properties and safety. For therapeutical applications, a glycosylation pattern adapted to product and treatment requirements is advantage...
Sphagnum farming can substitute peat with renewable biomass and thus help mitigate climate change. Large volumes of the required founder material can only be supplied sustainably by axenic cultivation in bioreactors.
We established axenic in vitro cultures from sporophytes of 19 Sphagnum species collected in Austria, Germany, Latvia, the Netherland...
Production of biopharmaceuticals relies on the expression of mammalian cDNAs in host organisms. Here we show that the expression of a human cDNA in the moss Physcomitrella patens generates the expected full-length and four additional transcripts due to unexpected splicing. This mRNA splicing results in non-functional protein isoforms, cellular misa...
Sub-cellular mechanics plays a crucial role in a variety of biological functions and dysfunctions. Due to the strong structure-function relationship in cytoskeletal protein networks, light can be shed on their mechanical functionality by investigating their structures. Here, we present a data-driven approach employing a combination of confocal live...
The plant phenylpropanoid pathway generates a major class of specialized metabolites and precursors of essential extracellular polymers that initially appeared upon plant terrestrialization. Despite its evolutionary significance, little is known about the complexity and function of this major metabolic pathway in extant bryophytes, the ancestors of...
The present invention is inter alia concerned with methods for improved recombinant heterologous gene expression.
Thiol‐based redox‐regulation is vital to coordinate chloroplast functions depending on illumination and is well investigated for thioredoxin‐dependent processes. In parallel, glutathione reductase (GR) maintains a highly reduced glutathione pool, enabling glutathione‐mediated redox buffering. Yet, how the redox‐cascades of the thioredoxin and gluta...
Sub-cellular mechanics plays a crucial role in a variety of biological functions and dysfunctions. Due to the strong structure-function relationship in cytoskeletal protein networks, light can be shed on their mechanical functionality by investigating their structures.
Here, we present a data-driven approach employing a combination of confocal live...
The cultivation of Sphagnum mosses reduces CO 2 emissions by rewetting drained peatlands and by substituting peat with renewable biomass. ‘Sphagnum farming’ requires large volumes of founder material, which can only be supplied sustainably by axenic cultivation in bioreactors.
We established axenic in-vitro cultures from sporophytes of 19 Sphagnum...
The first moss-made drug candidate successfully passed clinical trial phase I.
A genetically engineered fragrant moss is on the market.
A bioactive ingredient from a moss is on the market for the cosmetic industry.
Peat-moss farming will help to halt greenhouse gas emissions.
Biotechnological exploitation of mosses has several aspects, for example...
With an estimated 450 gigatons of carbon (Gt C), plants represent by far the most important kingdom of life on Earth, followed by bacteria (70 Gt C), whereas animals contribute only 2 Gt C to the approximately 550 Gt C of total life biomass [1]. In the light of such data, plant science appears to be drastically underappreciated by the public, by po...
Testing a novel biotechnological passive sampler for monitoring
atmospheric PAH pollution
Although mosses are widely used for active biomonitoring of air pollution, a unified protocol for their treatment before exposure in bags is still lacking. Here we used field- and laboratory-grown Sphagnum palustre L. moss, respectively, treated by EDTA and devitalized by oven drying at 32 °C, to elaborate a consistent procedure of metal and proton...
In this study we evaluated a new type of passive air sampler, the “mossphere” device, filled with a Sphagnum palustre clone. For this purpose, we compared the atmospheric levels of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) collected using this device and those collected in conventional bulk deposition and particulate matter (PM10) samplers. All three types...
Evolution of the phenolic metabolism is usually assumed to be associated with plant transition from water to land and occurrence of lignified vasculature for water transport. The accuracy of this assumption was investigated using as reporters P450 enzymes of the CYP98 family, which catalyze the second phenolic ring hydroxylation and first irreversi...
Current studies on the evolution of selected moss species reveal exciting new insights into the genetic mechanisms that lead to the creation of new species. One of these moss species, the spreading earthmoss, has been used in science as a model organism for many years, and its genetic information has been completely decrypted. This makes it and oth...
All life on earth relies on the conversion of solar energy into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis, in which the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) is absorbed and oxygen (O2) is released. The green parts of plants are capable of performing this reaction. This is where we find chlorophyll, the green pigment that captures sunligh...
1) Thiol-based redox-regulation is vital to coordinate chloroplast functions depending on illumination. Yet, how the redox-cascades of the thioredoxin and glutathione redox machineries integrate metabolic regulation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification remains largely unresolved. We investigate if maintaining a highly reducing stromal g...
Questions
Question (1)
Dear colleagues,
I am new in this group and would like to introduce our work with the Moss Bioreactor.
We are searching for interesting co-operations.
Best regards,
Ralf Reski.
