Rajkumar Buyya

University of Melbourne | MSD · Cloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Lab, School of Computing and Information Systems

Serverless computing is an innovative method for the production and distribution of software since it does not rely on a centralised server management infrastructure. As a result of this, serverless computing is becoming more widespread. Instead, the cloud service provider must ensure that the code will execute as intended in the cloud environment....

This book explores how advances in graphic processing units (GPUs), programmable logic devices (TPUs), and field-programmable gate arrays have altered the serverless computing landscape (FPGAs). Distributed system architectures and implementations have undergone significant changes due to the popularity of serverless computing. Making and releasing...

In many production clouds, with the notable exception of Google, aggregation-based VM placement policies are used to provision datacenter resources energy and performance efficiently. However, if VMs with similar workloads are placed onto the same machines, they might suffer from contention, particularly, if they are competing for similar resources...

Big data frameworks such as Apache Spark are becoming prominent to perform large-scale data analytics jobs. However, local or on-premise computing resources are often not sufficient to run these jobs. Therefore, public cloud resources can be hired on a pay-per-use basis from the cloud service providers to deploy a Spark cluster entirely on the clou...

The Internet of Everything paradigm is being rapidly adopted in developing applications for different domains like smart agriculture, smart city, big data streaming, etc. These IoE applications are leveraging cloud computing resources for execution. Fog computing, which emerged as an extension of cloud computing, supports mobility, heterogeneity, g...

Quantum computing is an emerging paradigm with the potential to offer significant computational advantage over conventional classical computing by exploiting quantum-mechanical principles such as entanglement and superposition. It is anticipated that this computational advantage of quantum computing will help to solve many complex and computational...

The next generation Internet of Things (IoT) applications are offering multiple services and run in a distributed heterogeneous environment. In such applications, Quality of Service (QoS) requirements are in jeopardy when the computing operations are only outsourced to the public cloud. For IoT applications, a comprehensive framework that supports...

Cloud Data Centers have become the backbone infrastructure to provide services. With the emerging edge computing paradigm, computation and networking capabilities have been pushed from clouds to the edge to provide computation, intelligence, networking management with low end-to-end latency. Service migration across different computing nodes in edg...

A common performance problem in large-scale cloud systems is dealing with straggler tasks that are slow running instances which increase the overall response time. Such tasks impact the system's QoS and the SLA. There is a need for automatic straggler detection and mitigation mechanisms that execute jobs without violating the SLA. Prior work typica...

Fifth generation mobile networks aim to use multi-tier heterogeneous cellular networks integrated with cloud computing to provide users with low latency and energy-aware service. However, for high bandwidth and low latency services, edge/fog computing comes into the scenario. In edge/fog computing, the intermediate devices between end users and clo...

The development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology enables the rapid growth of connected smart devices and mobile applications. However, due to the constrained resources and limited battery capacity, there are bottlenecks when utilizing the smart devices. Mobile edge computing (MEC) offers an attractive paradigm to handle this challenge. In thi...

Modern large-scale computing systems distribute jobs into multiple smaller tasks which execute in parallel to accelerate job completion rates and reduce energy consumption. However, a common performance problem in such systems is dealing with straggler tasks that are slow running instances that increase the overall response time. Such tasks can sig...

By integrating Software-Defined Networking and cloud computing, virtualized networking and computing resources can be dynamically reallocated through live migration of Virtual Machines (VMs). Dynamic resource management such as load balancing and energy-saving policies can request multiple migrations when the algorithms are triggered periodically....

The containerized services allocated in the mobile edge clouds bring up the opportunity for large-scale and real-time applications to have low latency responses. Meanwhile, live container migration is introduced to support dynamic resource management and users' mobility. However, with the expansion of network topology scale and increasing migration...

Fog/Edge computing is a novel computing paradigm supporting resource-constrained Internet of Things (IoT) devices by the placement of their tasks on the edge and/or cloud servers. Recently, several Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL)-based placement techniques have been proposed in fog/edge computing environments, which are only suitable for centrali...

Load balancing is vital for the efficient and long-term operation of cloud data centers. With virtualization, post (reactive) migration of virtual machines after allocation is the traditional way for load balancing and consolidation. However, reactive migration is not easy to obtain predefined load balance objectives and may interrupt services and...

Over the last many decades, developments in computing and networking technologies have been attributed to the underlying Cloud computing and IoT technologies. Cloud and Edge/Fog computing enable IoT-based applications such as smart cities, emergency healthcare applications, and autonomous vehicles, as illustrated in Fig. 1.1. Therefore, a fundament...

The worldwide adoption of cloud data centers (CDCs) has given rise to the ubiquitous demand for hosting application services on the cloud. Further, contemporary data-intensive industries have seen a sharp upsurge in the resource requirements of modern applications. This has led to the provisioning of an increased number of cloud servers, giving ris...

An elastic stream computing system is expected to process dynamic and volatile data streams with low latency and high throughput in timely manner. Effective management of stream application is considered one of the keys to achieve elastic computing by scaling in/out the workload of each computing node properly during runtime. Many existing work tri...

Resource management in data centers continues to be a critical problem due to increased infrastructure complexity and dynamic workload conditions. Workload and energy consumption prediction are crucial for efficient resource management decisions in cloud data centres. Existing solutions only consider forecasting the usage of virtual machine resourc...

Internet of Things (IoT) devices have become an integral part of our lives and are increasingly used in almost every field. Subsequently, there are a large number of latency-sensitive IoT applications (e.g., face recognition, autonomous driving) targeted for mobile edge computing environments. These IoT applications are often split into multiple co...

Internet of Things (IoT) has already proven to be the building block for next-generation Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs). The considerable amount of data generated by the IoT devices needs latency-sensitive processing, which is not feasible by deploying the respective applications in remote Cloud datacentres. Edge/Fog computing, a promising extension...

In the recent times, the IoT (Internet of Things) enabled devices and applications have seen a rapid growth in various sectors including healthcare. The ability of low-cost connected sensors to cover large areas makes it a potential tool in the fight against pandemics, like COVID-19. The COVID-19 has posed a formidable challenge for the developing...

As data of COVID-19 patients is increasing, the new framework is required to secure the data collected from various Internet of Things (IoT) devices and predict the trend of disease to reduce its spreading. This article proposes a security and privacy-based lightweight framework called iFaaSBus, which uses the concept of IoT, Machine Learning (ML),...

This paper investigates the existing resource management approaches in Cloud Data Centres for energy and thermal efficiency. It identifies the need for integrated computing and cooling systems management and learning-based solutions in resource management systems. A taxonomy on energy and thermal efficient resource management in data centres is pro...

Containerization is a lightweight application virtualization technology, providing high environmental consistency, operating system distribution portability, and resource isolation. Existing mainstream cloud service providers have prevalently adopted container technologies in their distributed system infrastructures for automated application manage...

In many production clouds, with the notable exception of Google, aggregation-based VM placement policies are used to provision datacenter resources energy and performance efficiently. However, if VMs with similar workloads are placed onto the same machines, they might suffer from contention, particularly, if they are competing for similar resources...

In many production clouds, with the notable exception of Google, aggregation-based VM placement policies are used to provision datacenter resources energy and performance efficiently. However, if VMs with similar workloads are placed onto the same machines, they might suffer from contention, particularly, if they are competing for similar resources...

Cloud computing efficiency greatly depends on the efficiency of the Virtual Machines (VMs) placement strategy used. However, VM placement has remained one of the major challenging issues in cloud computing mainly because of the heterogeneity in both virtual and Physical Machines (PMs), the multidimensionality of the resources, and the increasing sc...

As the quantity and complexity of information processed by software systems increase, large-scale software systems have an increasing requirement for high-performance distributed computing systems. With the acceleration of the Internet in Web 2.0, Cloud computing as a paradigm to provide dynamic, uncertain and elastic services has shown superioriti...

Cloud computing has rapidly emerged as model for delivering Internet-based utility computing services. In cloud computing, Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) is one of the most important and rapidly growing fields. Cloud providers provide users/machines resources such as virtual machines, raw (block) storage, firewalls, load balancers, and network...

Thermal management in the hyper-scale cloud data centers is a critical problem. Increased host temperature creates hotspots which significantly increases cooling cost and affects reliability. Accurate prediction of host temperature is crucial for managing the resources effectively. Temperature estimation is a non-trivial problem due to thermal vari...

In cloud computing environments, when a client wants to access any resources, hardware components, or application services, he needs to get a subscription for the same from service providers. The usages of each client are monitored over a network by service providers and later on user will be charged for the services used. Cloud service provider is...

With the enormous growth of wireless technology, and location acquisition techniques, a huge amount of spatio-temporal traces are being accumulated. This dataset facilitates varied location-aware services and helps to take real-life decisions. Efficiently handling and processing spatio-temporal queries are necessary to respond in real-time. Process...

Several researches and evidence show the increasing likelihood of pandemics (large-scale outbreaks of infectious disease) which has far reaching sequels in all aspects of human lives ranging from rapid mortality rates to economic and social disruption across the world. In the recent time, COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) pandemic disrupted norma...

In the world of Information Technology, new computing paradigms, driven by requirements of different classes of problems and applications, emerge rapidly. These new computing paradigms pose many new research challenges. Researchers from different disciplines are working together to develop innovative solutions addressing them. In newer research are...

Among the novel IT paradigms, Cloud Computing and the Internet of Things (CloudIoT) are two complementary areas designed to support the creation of smart cities and application services. The CloudIoT not only presents ubiquitous services through IoT nodes, but it also provides virtually unlimited resources through services composition. Services com...

The virtualization concept and elasticity feature of cloud computing enable users to request resources on-demand and in the pay-as-you-go model. However, the high flexibility of the model makes the on-time resource scaling problem more complex. A variety of techniques such as threshold-based rules, time series analysis, or control theory are utiliz...

In Software-Defined Networking (SDN)-enabled cloud data centers, live migration is a key approach used for the reallocation of Virtual Machines (VMs) in cloud services and Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) in Service Function Chaining. Using live migration, cloud providers can address their dynamic resource management and fault tolerance objectives...

Software Defined Networking (SDN) has emerged as a programmable approach for provisioning and managing network resources by defining a clear separation between the control and data forwarding planes. Nowadays SDN has gained significant attention in the military domain. Its use in the battlefield communication facilitates the end-to-end interactions...

Real-time geospatial applications are ever-increasing with modern Information and Communication Technology. Latency and Quality of Service-aware these applications are required to process at the edge of the networks, not at the central cloud servers. Edge and fog nodes of the networks are capable enough for caching the frequently accessed small vol...

Fog computing is a novel distributed computing paradigm that provides cloud-like services at the edge of the network. It emerges as an efficient paradigm to process the enormous amount of Internet of Things (IoT) data and can address the limitations of cloud-centric IoT models in terms of large end-to-end delays, and huge network bandwidth consumpt...

Cloud-based enterprise search services (e.g., AWS Kendra) have been entrancing big data owners by offering convenient and real-time search solutions to them. However, the problem is that individuals and organizations possessing confidential big data are hesitant to embrace such services due to valid data privacy concerns. In addition, to offer an i...

In Software-Defined Networking (SDN)-enabled cloud data centers, live migration is a key approach used for the reallocation of Virtual Machines (VMs) in cloud services and Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) in Service Function Chaining (SFC). Using live migration methods, cloud providers can address their dynamic resource management and fault toleran...

Cloud service providers are provisioning resources including a variety of virtual machine instances to support customers that migrate their services to the cloud. From the customers’ perspective, selecting the appropriate amount of resources is tightly coupled with performance and cost. By identifying the potential resource bottlenecks in the early...

With rapid availability of renewable energy sources and growing interest in their use in the datacenter industry presents opportunities for service providers to reduce their energy related costs, as well as, minimize the ecological impact of their infrastructure. However, renewables are largely intermittent and can, negatively affect users’ applica...

This paper proposes a mobile healthcare framework based on edge-fog-cloud collaborative network. It uses edge and fog devices for parameterized health monitoring, and cloud for further health data analysis in case of abnormal health status. The continuous location change of users is a critical issue, and the connection interruption and delay in del...

Mancini, RiccardoTuli, ShreshthCucinotta, TommasoBuyya, RajkumarIn recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has been growing in popularity, along with the increasingly important role played by IoT gateways, mediating the interactions among a plethora of heterogeneous IoT devices and cloud services. In this paper, we present iGateLink, an open-sou...

As Internet of Things (IoT) advances from interacting objects to smart objects. Further, adopting social networking concepts into IoT leads to social objects. Following this conception, the Social Internet of Things (SIoT) comprising the amalgamation of social aspects into IoT was incised. In the recent past, the use of IoT technologies in the indu...

This book features selected papers from the 6th International Conference on Mathematics and Computing (ICMC 2020), organized by Sikkim University, Gangtok, Sikkim, India, during September 2020. It covers recent advances in the field of mathematics, statistics, and scientific computing. The book presents innovative work by leading academics, researc...

Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) provides cloud-like subscription-oriented services at the edge of mobile network. For low latency and high bandwidth services, edge computing assisted IoT (Internet of Things) has become the pillar for the development of smart environments and their applications such as smart home, smart health, smart traffic management,...

As the efficacy of Internet of Things is expeditiously growing, maintaining privacy with respect users and applications has become a significant aspect. Since the data is getting generated at tremendous rate that includes Sensitive data (any data considered as private by the Data-owner) which has to be hidden, especially the data collected from the...

Cloud computing has recently emerged as an important service to manage applications efficiently over the Internet. Various cloud providers offer pay per use cloud services that requires Quality of Service (QoS) management to efficiently monitor and measure the delivered services through Internet of Things (IoT) and thus needs to follow Service Leve...

Rapid increase in energy consumption is a serious problem in cloud storage systems. Data accessed in large‐scale storage systems usually exhibit temporal and spatial characteristics, which make it possible to reduce energy consumption by clustering data with similar access characteristics for storage in the same zone of cloud storage systems. Exist...

Thermal management in the hyper-scale cloud data centers is a critical problem. Increased host temperature creates hotspots which significantly increases cooling cost and affects reliability. Accurate prediction of host temperature is crucial for managing the resources effectively. Temperature estimation is a non-trivial problem due to thermal vari...

The integration and cross coordination of big data processing and software‐defined networking (SDN) are vital for improving the performance of big data applications. Various approaches for combining big data and SDN have been investigated by both industry and academia. However, empirical evaluations of solutions that combine big data processing and...

Real-time geospatial applications are ever-increasing with modern Information and Communication Technology. Latency and Quality of Service-aware these applications are required to process at the edge of the networks, not at the central cloud servers. Edge and fog nodes of the networks are capable enough for caching the frequently accessed small vol...

Software Defined Networking (SDN) has emerged as a programmable approach for provisioning and managing network resources by defining a clear separation between the control and data forwarding planes. Nowadays SDN has gained significant attention in the military domain. Its use in the battlefield communication facilitates the end-to-end interactions...

In major Information Technology (IT) companies such as Google, Rackspace and Amazon Web Services (AWS), virtualisation and containerisation technologies are usually used to execute customers' workloads and applications. The computational resources are provided through large-scale datacenters, which consume substantial amount of energy and have, the...

Fog Computing (FC) has emerged as a complementary solution to the centralized cloud infrastructure. An FC node is available in closer proximity to users and extends cloud services to the edge of the network in a highly distributed manner. However, with an increase in streaming and delay-sensitive Internet of Things (IoT) applications, FC also needs...

With the augmentation of traffic exponentially, we observe that traffic congestion does not guarantee road safety or enhance the driving experience. In the recent past, Social Internet of Vehicles (SIoV), a social network paradigm permits social relationships among every vehicle in the network or with any road infrastructure to render a radically u...