Rajeshkumar Shanmugam

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Verified

Rajeshkumar verified their affiliation via an institutional email.

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• M Sc, MBA, Ph D
• Professor and Chief Scientist at Saveetha University

The study of bioinspired nanoparticles produced from bioactive substances has emerged as a viable technique in nanomedicine, notably for cancer treatment. This study focuses on the creation and therapeutic application of bioinspired nanoparticles in the treatment of liver cancer, a disease with high morbidity and mortality. Bioactive substances pro...

Microwave-assisted green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Euphorbia hirta (E. hirta) and Ocimum americanum (O. americanum) provides an eco-friendly, biocompatible, and efficient approach for biomedical applications. Quality by Design (QbD) analysis optimized the synthesis using 1.03 mM silver nitrate (AgNO3), 12 min of microwave irra...

Natural substances derived from plants and herbs are excellent sources of therapeutic drugs, offering numerous vital properties that benefit human health. Recently, there has been increased interest in utilizing natural products. One notable plant with significant nutraceutical and health benefits is the coconut tree (Cocos nucifera). Humans use va...

Cocos nucifera (coconut) has been extensively studied for its nutraceutical and medicinal properties, but research on the haustorium of C. nucifera is limited. This study aimed to analyze the antioxidative, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties of the C. nucifera haustorium. Antimicrobial studies were conducted using a well di...

There is always a quest for newer, more effective chemopreventive agents to prevent and manage oral cancer. A novel nanogel prepared using thiocolchicoside, lauric acid, and chitosan showed promising anticancer activity in KB-1 cell lines. The current manuscript aims to investigate the chemopreventive activity of chitosan nanogel with thiocolchicos...

Background: The growing resistance of oral pathogens to conventional antimicrobial agents has created a demand for innovative, natural alternatives in dental care. Ocimum tenuiflorum and Ocimum gratissimum are widely recognized for their medicinal properties, particularly their antimicrobial potential. This study investigates the green synthesis of...

Background: The increasing resistance of oral pathogens to conventional antimicrobial agents has prompted the exploration of innovative solutions such as nanocomposite-based formulations. Silver-zinc oxide nanocomposites (Ag-ZnONCs) have demonstrated potent antimicrobial properties, making them promising candidates for oral care products. However,...

Background: The potential health risks associated with synthetic and inorganic dyes have become a growing concern in recent years. As a safer, eco-friendly alternative, Punica granatum (pomegranate) has demonstrated promising antibacterial and antioxidant properties. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Punica granatum as a natural dent...

Background: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely recognized for their potent antimicrobial properties, making them promising candidates for dental applications. However, concerns regarding their potential cytotoxicity and embryotoxicity remain significant. This study evaluates the safety profile of a green-synthesized AgNPs-based dental varnish...

Gynecological malignancy, particularly lethal of female fertile tumors, often leads to stage III and IV diagnoses, prompting an urgent investigation of alternative treatment options. Medicinal herbs, enriched with anticancer biomolecules, offer promising potential. This review explores specific herbs with potent phytochemicals demonstrated. To exhi...

Background: Vitamin D, a fat-soluble nutrient essential for normal bone development and maintenance, plays a crucial role in the body’s absorption of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate. Recent research has highlighted its significant influence on menstrual health, an area of human well-being that has often been overlooked. Objective: This review aim...

Aim: The present study explored the bone regeneration potential of chitosan-thiocolchicoside-lauric (CTL) nanogel using MG-63 cell lines. The cytocompatibility of CTL nanogel was also studied using osteoblast-like cells (MG-63 cell lines) and zebrafish embryos. Methods: The effect of CTL nanogel on the metabolic and wound-healing activity of MG-63...

Objectives. The objective of this present systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the caries occurrence and clinical retention of resin-based hydrophilic and hydrophobic pit and fissure sealants with releasable fluorides, based on randomized and non-randomized studies. Methods. An electronic database search from 2010 to 2023 was used t...

Dental caries, caused by Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus spp., are a major oral health issue. Nanosilver-chitosan composite varnishes offer antibacterial protection, inhibit biofilm formation, and support enamel remineralization, making them a promising solution for managing dental decay. Orange and grape peel extracts were combined with chi...

The study evaluates the antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of a mouth rinse formulated with Eclipta prostrata-mediated calcium oxide nanoparticles (CaO NPs). The agar well diffusion method was used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens, including Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, and Lactobac...

The selenium-based nanoparticles (SeNP) are prepared by the amalgamation of Cocos nucifera haustorium (CNH) with sodium selenite. Further conjugating the synthesised CNH-SeNP with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to design haustorium-based selenium nanocomposite (CNH-SeNC). The work involves characterising and studying their bio-potency. Maximum absorptio...

Background: Wound healing has been a major focus of both traditional and modern medicine, with herbal medicines playing an important role in stimulating tissue repair and reducing inflammation. Herbal-based wound healing gels have grown in popularity due to their natural healing capabilities and lower risk of side effects compared to standard synth...

Background: Suturing for a patient with diabetes undergoing dental implants or any other surgical procedure requires careful consideration and management to prevent complications. Diabetes can affect wound healing and increase the risk of infection, so it's important to take certain precautions when suturing a diabetic patient. Aim: To access the a...

Background Glass ionomer cement (GIC), or polyalkenoate cement, is popular for esthetic restorations due to its tooth-bonding ability but suffers from low mechanical strength, abrasion resistance, and moisture sensitivity, leading to the search for better alternatives. Aim To evaluate the cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, mechanical...

Introduction: Vetiver roots contain fragrant essential oil, which is a perfume by itself. Aroma chemicals such as vetriverol, vetriverone and vetiveryl acetate are prepared from this volatile oil. In India it is mainly used in perfumes, cosmetics, aromatherapy, food and flavouring industries. Since the plant has extensive finely structured fibrous...

Context A natural mouthwash with minimal side effects is essential for obviating the disadvantages of chemically based mouthwashes. Research has been carried out worldwide using herbal extracts from leaves, stems, seeds, fruits, etc., for various dental purposes. The present investigation attempted to highlight one such natural product Persea ameri...

Introduction The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles has gained attention for being environmentally friendly and cost-effective. This study investigates the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using neem and turmeric extracts, which serve as natural reducing and capping agents, with a focus on characterizing these nanoparticles and assessing thei...

Background: The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance and the side effects of synthetic oral care products have prompted the exploration of natural alternatives for managing oral infections. Aloe Vera, chamomile, and propolis are known for their individual antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and healing properties, making them promising cand...

Introduction: Periodontitis is defined as a chronic inflammatory disease caused by specific microbes, which triggers the production of inflammatory mediators. This process leads to the loss of tissue structure and function. Nutmeg has been found to consist of a number of chemical components that have been linked to antioxidant, health promoting, an...

Bone regeneration is a complex process involving numerous cells like osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts; various pathways and signalling systems. Usually, human body heals the fractures and degenerations by itself. However, in certain cases like severe trauma, infections, carcinomas the self- repair abilities might get impeded. In such circumstan...

A BSTRACT Introduction The emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria has become a major global health concern, with the increasing prevalence of infections that are difficult to treat with conventional antibiotics. As a result, there is a critical need for alternative antimicrobial agents that can effectively control bacterial infectio...

Background: This study compared the drug release kinetics of Terminalia arjuna mediated selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) gel and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) gel for their potential in local drug delivery for chronic periodontitis. Material and method: The drug release was evaluated in-vitro by conducting tests on different formulations, includi...

Objectives: Dental caries is a highly prevalent chronic condition that, if left untreated, can result in severe oral health consequences, including pain, infection and tooth loss. Micro-invasive treatments for dental caries, such as fissure sealants, are effective in arresting incipient caries in pits and fissures. However, conventional sealants fa...

Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is an excellent biocompatible material with osteoconductive potential. Numerous studies have reported the potential role of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in bone tissue engineering because of their bone cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Likewise, citrus fruits possess anti-oxidant properties. Anti-oxidants are f...

Objectives: Dental caries is a highly prevalent chronic condition that, if left untreated, can result in severe oral health consequences, including pain, infection and tooth loss. Micro-invasive treatments for dental caries, such as fissure sealants, are effective in arresting incipient caries in pits and fissures. However, conventional sealants fa...

Objectives: Dental cavities are a prevalent issue that, if untreated, can escalate into severe complications. Minimally invasive treatments, such as fissure sealants, have been developed to prevent early-stage cavities from progressing. Traditional sealants, however, often fail due to moisture contamination during application. To address this, hydr...

Objectives: Pit and fissure sealants provide a protective barrier against microbial infiltration and plaque accumulation, effectively reducing the risk of occlusal caries. However, microleakage remains a significant challenge, influencing sealant efficacy. This study evaluates and compares the penetration depth and microleakage of hydrophilic seala...

Objectives: Dental caries, or tooth decay, is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases globally. Despite advancements in oral hygiene practices and widespread fluoride use, these measures have proven less effective against occlusal caries compared to smooth-surface caries. Hydrophilic sealants and flowable composites are commonly employed as seal...

Introduction: Quorum sensing (QS) enables bacteria to coordinate colony-wide activities, including those associated with infections. Quorum quenching (QQ) inhibits QS and is a promising method for controlling bacterial infections. Several In vitro experiments have been conducted to identify nanoparticles (NPs) as potential quorum quenching inhibit...

Introduction: Green tea is a medicinal beverage extracted from the plant Camellia sinensis. Antioxidants that exist naturally can be extracted as pure compounds from their parent materials for nutraceutical and medicinal applications. The present study aims to assess the antioxidant activity of Zinc oxide-titanium dioxide nano-composites (ZnO-TiO2...

Introduction: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are effective against almost all kinds of pathogenic organisms. The green synthesis of AgNPs utilizing extracts from medicinal plants is being researched to examine the therapeutic advantages of AgNPs because the chemical production of AgNPs is more toxic. In this study, the stem extract of Ocimum Gratiss...

Introduction: Pomegranate peel is considered a reservoir of biologically active compounds, the presence of which provides anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties to peel extracts. Calcium sulfate is considered an ideal boneaugmenting material, and in the present study, pomegranate peel extract-mediated calcium sulfate nano particles (PPE CaSo...

Introduction: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) exhibit a wide range of biomedical applications majorly used as antiinflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-microbial activity and other biomedical applications because they show less toxicity and are very compatible. Zinc metal is an inorganic and essential element in the human body at t...

Introduction: Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have drawn a lot of interest among researchers because of their distinct impact on antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory tests, antibacterial activity, and in the treatment of various diseases. A. linearis has shown great findings in biomedical applications because of its physio-chemical compounds suc...

Introduction: The biomedical potential of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) synthesized with Zingiber officinale and Ocimum gratissimum herbal formulation was investigated in this study. The study aims to reveal their applications in various biomedical fields. The study evaluates the antioxidant, thrombolytic, and antimicrobial potential of Zingiber o...

Objectives. The objective of this study was obtained by surface modification of monomers using Bis-GMA, which was performed to increase the bonding capacity with the tooth surface, microhardness and reduce the microleakage. Methodology. The targeted Phosphorylated Bis-GMA resin was synthesized. The surface modification was confirmed via Fourier tra...

Terminalia arjuna, native to the Indian subcontinent, is renowned for its cardioprotective benefits, owing to bioactive compounds like antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents. Beyond heart health, it is gaining attention for applications in oral health, particularly periodontal therapy, due to its anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties. I...

Introduction Tridax procumbens (TP) has been used as an anticoagulant and wound healer. Known by other names as Tridax daisy or coatbuttons, TP belongs to flowering plant species of Asteraceae family. The current study is conducted to analyze the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of TP leaves extract-based chitosan (TPC) gel. Materials an...

In this study, biosynthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles with new approach to enhanced the Antimicrobial properties against gram-negative and gram-positive and the antioxidant activity were performed by use of a new type of plant extract, Syzygium cumini seed, in an environmentally friendly, cost-effective, simple procedure way by adding CuSO4 to...

Nanorod and nanosphere hydroxyapatite (HAP) particles were synthesized by the sol–gel hydrothermal method. The size of the synthesized HAP nanoparticles was controlled using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a templating agent with molar concentrations (HAP + 0.01 M CTAB, HAP + 0.03 M CTAB, and HAP + 0.1 M CTAB). The purity, size, shape, and...

A BSTRACT Introduction Tridax procumbens has long been used as an insect deterrent, anticoagulant, and for the healing of wounds. In some areas of India, traditional healers also employ T. procumbens to treat injuries, blisters, and boils. A widespread rod-shaped, gram-negative, strictly aerobic bacteria called Pseudomonas aeruginosa can infect bo...

This study investigated the antibacterial and photocatalytic properties of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs), which were synthesized using Aegle marmelos extract. CeO2 NPs were characterized by different spectroscopy methods such as ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy. The shap...

Aim and background Glass ionomer cement (GIC) serves as a widely used restorative dental material, known for its direct bonding to tooth structures and fluoride-releasing properties. This study aims to investigate the enhancement of GIC through the incorporation of a green-mediated nanocomposite comprising chitosan, titanium, zirconium, and hydroxy...

Aim To synthesize nanosilica and investigate its properties, focusing on its interaction with antibiotics, particularly triple antibiotic paste (TAP). Various analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and t...

Background: The clinical use of antimicrobial agents for managing aphthous ulcers and periodontal diseases has long been a subject of intensive research by numerous investigators. As concerns over the side effects and antibiotic resistance associated with conventional therapies persist, there has been a concerted effort to explore alternative medic...

Green tea is an aromatic healthy beverage that is the least processed type of tea, containing numerous bioactive components beneficial to humans. It is produced from the plant Camelia sinensis, a shrub native to Asia. This article reviews the literature review on the origin, manufacturing, composition, biomedical applications and health benefits of...

Background Oral ulcers are frequent ulcerative conditions in the oral cavity that cause pain, recur often, and negatively impact quality of life. Aim and Objective This study aims to assess the effectiveness of herbal extracts containing saffron, Withania somnifera, dry ginger, and tulsi as anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic agents for treating oral...

Background: Candida species, especially Candida albicans, cause oral candidiasis, also known as oral thrush. It affects the elderly, newborns, patients under antibiotics, chemotherapeutic agents, and patients with weaker immune systems. Although successful, traditional antifungal medications are available, they may have negative effects and do not...

Introduction: Candida albicans, a common fungal pathogen, is often associated with oral infections such as denture stomatitis. Dental varnishes, especially those incorporating antimicrobial agents, have shown promise in preventing C. albicans colonization. This study investigates the antifungal efficacy of a dental varnish incorporating green-synth...

Introduction Acne vulgaris is a common skin problem caused by inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles as a result of hormonal fluctuations, bacteria, and overproduction of oil. The plant Peltophorum pterocarpum (P. pterocarpum) has been investigated for possible medical uses. Its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant qua...

Background and aim: Dental caries, primarily caused by Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus spp., is a major global health issue. There is a growing need for effective, natural antimicrobial treatments. Ocimum tenuiflorum and Ocimum gratissimum are known for their medicinal properties, including antimicrobial activity. This study investigates the...

The elimination of antimicrobial drugs resistant bacteria from root canals, such as Enterococcus faecalis, poses a challenge. These bacteria are predominantly isolated from failed endodontic cases and asymptomatic persistent periapical lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the elimination of E. faecalis from root canals using Ayurvedic ext...

Background Candida albicans is a common fungal pathogen responsible for oral infections, posing significant health challenges. Traditional antifungal treatments often come with side effects and resistance issues, highlighting the need for effective natural alternatives. O. tenuiflorum and Ocimum gratissimum are known for their medicinal properties,...

Background: The probability of a positive outcome of root canal therapy is substantially higher if the infection is eradicated successfully before the obturation of the root canal system. Irrigation is an essential aspect of root canal debridement, as it enables more thorough cleaning than is possible with root canal instrumentation alone. To over...

Aim: The goal of this project was to synthesize and characterize zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles using an aqueous extract of Phoenix dactylifera and to evaluate their anti-inflammatory properties. Methods:Using an aqueous extract of Phoenix dactylifera as the reducing agent, ZnO nanoparticles were produced. Utilizing Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX) sp...

Amla, scientifically known as emblica officinalis and Acerola (malphigian emarginata) both are Vitamin C fruits possess varied medicinal properties being used for preventive disease health management strategies. Therefore, it is of interest to explore the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and cytotoxic properties of aqueous extracts fr...

Background: The tropical plant acerola of the genus Malpighia includes shrubs and trees with fruit that is high in nutrients and bioactive chemicals. Acerola stands out due to its exceptionally high ascorbic acid content, ranging from 1500 to 4500 mg/100 g. Vitamin C intake greatly influences gingival health. The addition of nanoparticles along wit...

Introduction Nanotechnology is the study of manipulating matter at the atomic scale involving particles smaller than 100 nm. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are gaining popularity across diverse sectors including medical, food, healthcare, consumer goods, and industrial fields due to their distinctive physical and chemical characteristics. The eco-fri...

Rising global mortality rates due to antimicrobial infections and cancer underscore the urgent need for effective therapeutic interventions. Here, we present a sustainable approach utilizing biomass-free filtrate from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. LCJ315 for the eco-friendly synthesis of strontium oxide nanoparticles (SrONPs) using strontiu...

Background: The clinical use of antimicrobial agents for managing aphthous ulcers and periodontal diseases has long been a subject of intensive research by numerous investigators. As concerns over the side effects and antibiotic resistance associated with conventional therapies persist, there has been a concerted effort to explore alternative medic...

Background Herbal medicine has gathered increasing attention in contemporary healthcare practices, offering natural remedies for a wide range of ailments such as skin diseases, liver disorders, bronchitis, and asthma. Among the plethora of medicinal plants, Croton bonplandianum, commonly known as "Ban Tulsi," holds significant medicinal value owing...

Background Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are one of the metal nanoparticles that have been widely utilized for their anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory activities, and other biomedical applications. Tridax procumbens (TP) stem extract is a promising herb species rich in flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, phytosterols, and hydroxycinnamat...

Background Natural compounds and biomaterials, such as nanohydrogels, have gained interest due to their biocompatibility and tissue regeneration potential. A novel nanohydrogel was prepared by employing Tridax procumbens, a traditional plant with anti-inflammatory properties and chitosan nanoparticles and a natural bioadhesive with potent antimicro...

Background Glass ionomer cement (GIC) serves as a crucial biomaterial in dental restoration, offering applications in filling, lining, and adhesive procedures. Nevertheless, its mechanical properties often fall short, particularly in regions subjected to considerable stress. To address this issue, zirconia nanoparticles are incorporated at specific...

Iron nanoparticles comprise a significant class of inorganic nanoparticles, which discover applications in various zones by prudence of their few exciting properties. This study achieved the green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) by black cumin seed (Nigella sativa) extract, which acts as a reducing and capping agent. The iron nanopart...

Lauric acid, a major component of coconut oil, has been studied for its various health benefits over the years. Lauric acid is a medium-chained fatty acid with several potential biomedical applications based on its antimicrobial action, capacity for drug delivery, tissue engineering scaffolds, and cleansing capabilities. Various studies are carried...

Introduction: The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the anti-inflammatory effects of two oral rinse formulations, a commercial oral rinse and an Ocimum tenuiflorum and Ocimum gratissimum (nanocomposites, NCs) oral rinse, using in vitro assays commonly employed to assess anti-inflammatory activity. Materials and methods: The anti-inflammat...