Rajesh Madhu

Rajesh Madhu
Imperial College London | Imperial · Department of Chemical Engineering

Ph.D

About

55
Publications
28,389
Reads
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2,740
Citations
Additional affiliations
February 2019 - present
Imperial College London
Position
  • Fellow
June 2018 - present
Queen Mary, University of London
Position
  • Fellow
May 2016 - April 2018
Fukuoka Institute of Technology
Position
  • PostDoc Position

Publications

Publications (55)
Article
After being undervalued for a long-time, the potential use of lignins have gained interest as a source of wealth from waste. Despite the complexity of lignins chemical structure, its high carbon content compared to cellulose and sugars makes lignin a very promising precursor for the development of nanocarbons for broad range applications, including...
Article
Developing the free-standing and flexible electrodes with high current density and cycle stability is still under debate towards the extensive application of vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). So far, carbon felts, carbon fibers and carbon papers are used which mostly prepared from fossil precursors make them unsustainable. Herein, we first sou...
Article
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Palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) have attracted considerable attention recently for their excellent catalytic properties in various catalysis reactions. However, Pd NPs have some drawbacks, including their high cost, susceptibility to deactivation, and the possibility of poisoning by intermediate products. Herein, Pd nanoparticles with an average d...
Article
Nanolayers of carbon shell protected nanorods-like copper oxide (CuO-NC) material were prepared via a simple chemical synthesis method. A small molecule compound such as dopamine (DA) was used as carbon precursors. The prepared nanostructured materials were characterized by various techniques and used as bifunctional electrode materials for superca...
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Sodium metal batteries are attracting increasing attention on account of their high energy densities as well as the abundance of sodium-based resources. However, the uneven metallic deposition and dendrite formation during cycling hinder the application of sodium metal anodes. Carbon skeletons have been reported in the literature to mitigate the de...
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Herein, the synthesis of heteroatom-containing graphene-like carbon nanosheets (HA-GCNs) by chemical activation of waste biomass, namely peanut shells. As characterized by a variety of analytical and spectroscopy techniques, the as-synthesized HA-GCNs material carbonized at 900 °C was found to possess sheet-like porous nanosheet morphology with hig...
Article
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A hydrothermal route is reported for the preparation of a composite consisting of sheet-like glucose-derived carbon and nickel oxide nanoparticles. The nanocomposites were prepared at different annealing temperatures and exploited as electrode materials for amperometric (i-t) determination of hydrazine (N2H4) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at trace l...
Article
Demonstrated herewith is a novel eco-friendly [email protected]α-Fe2O3@RGO ternary nanocomposites using chlorophyll as reductants and stabilizers. Systematic characterizations studies confirm Au and α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles are uniformly decorated on the surfaces of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanosheets. As a proof-of-concept, the developed [email p...
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The well-defined Lutetium (III) hexacyanoferrate microparticles were electrodeposited on poly(taurine) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE), namely (LuHCF/poly(taurine)-GCE). The as-fabricated LuHCF/poly(taurine)-GCE possesses excellent electrochemical activities and high sensitivity toward the sensing of sulfite. The electrochemical oxidation of...
Article
In this work, we propose a greener synthesis strategy to produce sustainable carbon materials derived from an underutilised biomass product, lignin, to produce energy storage devices. We report the synthesis of sustainable ordered mesoporous carbons (OMCs) using the evaporation induced self-assembly (EISA) method. We demonstrate that it is possible...
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We synthesize graphene sheet-like porous activated carbon (GPAC) with a high specific surface area by using Bougainvillea spectabilis as a precursor with the assistance of a facile and reliable chemical activation method. The as-synthesized GPAC materials were characterized with a variety of physico-chemical and analytical techniques to investigate...
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Herein, we report a simple hydrothermal synthesized V2O5 flake employed as an electrode material for non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor application. The morphology, structural, and electrochemical properties of the as-prepared material were characterized by using various physicochemical and electrochemical methods viz. scanning electron...
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A facile hydrothermal method is invoked for direct template-free synthesis of nickel cobaltite (NiCo2O4)-decorated porous carbon nanosheets using polymeric 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) as the precursor. The nanocomposite materials (named as NC-ECN) so fabricated were characterized by a variety of different techniques (viz. SEM/TEM, XPS, EDX et...
Research
Full-text available
Award from European Commission
Article
Since prevention methods of type-II diabetes and knowledge of prediabetes are lacking, the development of sensitive and accurate glucose sensors with an ultralow detection limit is imperative. In this work, the enzyme-free glucose sensor based on three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical Ni microflowers with a Ni(OH)2 coating layer has been demonstrated...
Article
Herein, we report a facile electrochemical synthesis strategy for Cu2O (cubes, sheets and flowers) microstructured materials deposited on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface as a sensor for the electrochemical detection of toxic 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). The prepared films are characterized by using a variety of techniques, such as SEM, EDX, XRD an...
Research
Full-text available
Certificate of Distinguished Paper Award from ACST
Article
The highly open space flower, coin, peony flower and leaf-like nickel-cobalt oxide nanostructured materials with and without dopamine as a carbon source (D1.5NiCo2O4, D1.0NiCo2O4 (D-NiCo2O4), D0.5NiCo2O4 and D0.0NiCo2O4 (D- free NiCo2O4)) is prepared by a low temperature chemical synthesis method with improved electrical conductivity, providing the...
Article
Full-text available
Herein, we report the preparation of nanorods-like Cd(OH)2-rGO nanocomposites via using a simple co-precipitation method. The as-prepared Cd(OH)2-rGO materials were characterized by a variety of analytical and spectroscopy techniques such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), elemental analysis (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscop...
Article
Herein, we report a novel and facile synthesis of CoWO4 nanospheres for the non-enzymatic glucose sensor application. The detailed synthesis and material characterizations were reported. Interestingly, the glucose sensor performance of the CoWO4 nanospheres exhibits a low detection limit as low as 0.7 µM with an ultra-high sensitivity of 1416.2 µA...
Article
A one-pot synthesis method for the fabrication of biomass-derived activated carbon-zinc oxide (ZAC) nanocomposites using sugarcane bagasse as a carbon precursor and ZnCl2 as an activating agent is reported. For the first time, we used ZnCl2 as not only an activating agent and also for the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles on the AC surface. ZAC materi...
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A facile hydrothermal route for the synthesis of ordered NiWO4 nanocrystals, which show promising applications as high performance non-enzymatic glucose sensor is reported. The NiWO4 -modified electrodes showed excellent sensitivity (269.6 μA mM-1 cm-2) and low detection limit (0.18 μM) for detection of glucose with desirable selectivity, stability...
Article
Well-designed noble metals and ceramic nanoarchitectures are significantly important for the development of high performance, selective, sensitive and cost effective electrochemical sensors. Here, we report gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) uniformly dispersed on hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanorods forming particles on rods nanoarchitectures for sensitive hy...
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The synthesis of highly dispersed and stable ruthenium nanoparticles (RuNPs; ca. 2–3 nm) on porous activated carbons derived from Moringa Oleifera fruit shells (MOC) is reported and were exploited for supercapacitor applications. The Ru/MOC composites so fabricated using the biowaste carbon source and ruthenium acetylacetonate as the co-feeding met...
Article
A facile method has been developed for fabricating selective and sensitive electrochemical sensor for the detection of toxic metal ions, which invokes incorporation of palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) on porous activated carbons (PACs). The PACs, which were derived from waste biomass feedstock (fruit peels), possess desirable textural properties an...
Article
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A novel composite film was designed for use as a highly selective mediator-free amperometric biosensor, and a method was created for accomplishing direct electrochemistry of myoglobin on a multi-walled carbon nanotube and tyramine-modified composite decorated with Au nanoparticles on a glassy carbon electrode. The ultraviolet-visible and electroche...
Article
High surface area carbon porous materials (CPMs) synthesized by the direct template method via self-assembly of polymerized phloroglucinol-formaldehyde resol around a triblock copolymer template were used as supports for nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs). The Ni/CPM materials so fabricated through a microwave-assisted heating procedure have been charac...
Article
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Cajeput tree bark derived activated carbon (TBAC) has been prepared and exploited for the electrochemical detection of vanillin (VAN). The physicochemical properties of the TBACs graphitized at different temperatures were characterized using a variety of analytical and spectroscopic techniques, which include X-ray diffraction, field emission-scanni...
Article
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Herein, we report a simple and facile synthesis strategy of MnO2/carbon nanotubes decorated with a nanocomposite of Pt nanoparticles using a simple electrodeposition method. The Pt/MnO2/f-MWCNT modified electrode were characterized by several analytical and spectroscopy techniques and were adopted as a composite for a novel catechin sensor. The as-...
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A novel electrochemical sensor, for the detection of 4-aminophenol (4-AP), was generated by electrodeposition of poly-l-glutathione (P-l-GSH) onto reduced graphene oxide (RGO) to form a RGO/P-l-GSH composite matrix on a glassy carbon electrode (RGO/P-l-GSH/GCE). The morphology and structure of the RGO/P-l-GSH modified GCE were characterized by scan...
Article
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Herein, we report the preparation of Pongam seed shells-derived activated carbon and cobalt oxide (~2-10 nm) nanocomposite (PSAC/Co3O4) by using a general and facile synthesis strategy. The as-synthesized PSAC/Co3O4 samples were characterized by a variety of physicochemical techniques. The PSAC/Co3O4-modified electrode is employed in two different...
Article
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We report a versatile and eco-friendly approach to prepare large-scale defect-free high quality graphene nanosheets from graphite by simple mechanochemical ball milling in the presence of KMnO4 and aspartic acid. Two foremost concerns such as surface chemistry and physical properties must be considered for potential application of the functionalize...
Article
High-surface-area, guava-leaf-derived, heteroatom-containing activated carbon (GHAC) materials were synthesized by means of a facile chemical activation method with KOH as activating agent and exploited as catalyst supports to disperse nickel oxide (NiO) nanocrystals (average size (2.0±0.1) nm) through a hydrothermal process. The textural and struc...
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Full-text available
The surface chemistry and physical properties of edge-carboxylated graphene (ECG) has so far over sighted to understand the real world practical applications. The accurate identification of each possible oxygenated group on the surface of basal plane as well as the edges of ECG is necessary to understand the properties for their potential multifunc...
Article
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A novel hydrothermal process was used for the preparation of hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanorods on two dimensional reduced graphene oxides (RGO). The hydrothermal reaction temperature improves the crystallinity of HAp and partially reduces the graphene oxide (GO) to RGO. The crystalline structure, chemical composition and morphology of the prepared nano...
Article
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The high surface areas of activated carbons have been prepared from pumpkin stem wastes, using a simple and eco-friendly method. The as-prepared samples were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, CHNS elemental analysis, and Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, the AC samples...
Article
Full-text available
The hexangular star building-like Lutetium hexacyanoferrate (LuHCF) structure with an average size of ca. 8.0 ± 0.5 µm are synthesized by using a simple one-step electrochemical method, and highly dispersed on the reduced graphene oxide (RGO) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) support for the first time. The size and shapes of the as-synthesize...
Article
In the present study, highly sensitive and selective Hg(II) sensor was developed based on electrochemically prepared graphite nanosheets (GNs) modified screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) for the first time. The fabricated GNs modified SPCE showed an enhanced current (Ipa) response towards Hg(II) than that of graphite/SPCE, activated SPCE and ba...
Article
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Herein, we report the simultaneous voltammetric determination of serotonin (5-HT) and melatonin (MET) using a reduced graphene oxide/ruthenium oxide (RGO/RuO2) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the first time. The as-synthesized RGO/RuO2 composites were characterized by using a variety of techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (S...
Article
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A novel method for detecting glucose, exploiting glucose oxidase (GOx) at poly taurine (P-taurine) modified glassy carbon electrode is reported. The polymerization of taurine has been assessed by a simple electrochemical approach. The electro-polymerized p-taurine has been confirmed by X–ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectroscopy and scannin...
Article
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Carbon porous materials (CPMs) containing highly dispersed palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) with average size of ca. 5 nm are synthesized by using microwave (MW) irradiation procedure, during which the Pd2+ ions were effectively reduced to Pd0 form and highly dispersed on the carbon support. The Pd/CPM samples were characterized by a variety of anal...
Article
Full-text available
Carbon porous materials (CPMs) with high surface areas up to 2,660 m2 g-1 directly fabricated by a facile microwave-assisted route were applied for electrochemical detection of dopamine (DA). It is found that the CPM-modified electrodes exhibit excellent selectivity, desirable detection limit (2.9 nM), and extraordinary sensitivity (2.56 mA μM-1 cm...
Article
We report the preparation of a novel nanocomposite viz. gold nanoparticles (Au) decorated activated carbon (AC) modified glassy carbon electrode by a simple electrochemical approach to trace level detection of hydrazine. The morphology and chemical composition of the resultant AC/Au nanocomposite were characterized by field emission scanning electr...
Article
Full-text available
A novel method for detecting an environmental pollutant, 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), by exploiting biomass-derived activated carbon (AC) is reported. The electrochemical performances of the 4-NP sensor were assessed by cyclic and linear sweep voltammetries. The presence of oxygen surface functional groups and heteroatoms (72.6% C, 6.1% H, 6.5% N, and 7.5...
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For the first time, high-surface-area (approximately 1465 m(2) g(-1)), highly porous and heteroatom-enriched activated carbon (HAC) was prepared from banana stems (Musa paradisiaca, Family: Musaceae) at different carbonization temperatures of 700, 800 and 900°C (HAC) using a simple and eco-friendly method. The amounts of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen...
Article
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A novel spherical carbon nanoparticle decorated activated carbon (SNAC) material with a high surface area of about 1555m2g-1 is prepared from the dead mango leaves by eco-friendly method for the detection of toxic heavy metal ions and energy storage applications. The limits of detection (LODs) for the determination of Cd(II), Pb(II), Cu(II), and Hg...
Article
Full-text available
An electrochemical synthesis strategy has been approached to prepare the novel composite viz. reduced graphene oxide nanosheets/ZnO microspheres (~0.6 µm)–Au nanoparticles (~50 nm) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE/RGO/ZnO-Au) for the trace level detection of hydrazine. The as-prepared composite is characterized by using Scanning Electron Micro...

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