Rajendra Kumar Shah Ph D

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• Ph D. M ED. B COM.
• Associate professor at Tribhuvan University

The widespread adoption of digital pedagogy has brought the issue of digital inclusion to the forefront. Many the learners struggle with limited digital skills amidst vast digitalization of education, often find themselves lost in the process. Such challenges become more vocal when the conventional classes are suspended and online mode only becomes...

This study explores the changes in the examination system at Tribhuvan University, which originally adopted an annual examination system, switched to a semester system in 1971, and then reverted to the annual system in 1981. In 2013, the semester system was reintroduced, and it is now widely implemented across the university and other institutions...

Teacher job satisfaction refers to the fulfillment and happiness educators feel in their professional roles, influenced by factors like working conditions, salary, relationships with colleagues and students, autonomy, and opportunities for career growth. Ensuring teacher satisfaction is crucial for improving teaching practices, enhancing student pe...

American educator and philosopher Dewey developed a progressive pedagogical philosophy that emphasizes democratic principles. His approach centers on three main dispositions: equality, intelligent judgment and action, and working together. This study aims to investigate how secondary school teachers in Kailali District implement these dispositions...

The discourse surrounding learner-centered teaching has been a focal point since the 1980s, with particular intensity during the 1990s. Following this period, dissent emerged from some educational theorists who criticized learner-centered teaching from various angles. One faction argued that learner-centered teaching disproportionately emphasizes t...

Traditional teacher-centered teaching causes significant difficulties for both teachers and students. In this model, the teacher is active, delivering knowledge, while the student remains passive, attempting to absorb it. This approach often results in frustration for students as they struggle to memorize the teacher's words without truly understan...

Social studies were already taught in schools in Nepal, and the contents of human values education have recently been incorporated into social studies. In the context of Nepal, this subject is completely new and it is necessary to study whether the implementation of the Basic School social studies and human value education curriculum including lear...

Hegemony is a dominant ideology widely used in the educational field. But its adherents do not seem to be aware of its influence. When I encountered this ideology, I became excited and went back to the experiences I gained while studying social studies at the school level and the experiences I gained while teaching social studies at the school leve...

Hegemony is a dominant ideology widely used in the educational field. But its adherents do not seem to be aware of its influence. When I encountered this ideology, I became excited and went back to the experiences I gained while studying social studies at the school level and the experiences I gained while teaching social studies at the school leve...

LCT has been a recurrent theme in many national educational policies in the global South and has had wide donor support through aid programs and smaller projects and localized innovations. However, the history of the implementation of LCT in different contexts is riddled with stories of failures, grand and small. This article provides an overview o...

The Greek word for child (usually a boy) is pais (the stem of this is paid), and leader is agogus-so a paidagogus or pedagogue was literally a leader of children. And yet this confines us to a very limited understanding of what pedagogy is, or has the potential to become. Although the terminology pedagogy is not a recent invention, it has been a ma...

Studies on beliefs dates back to the field of psychology in the early 1900s. After the 1920s, however, interest in beliefs waned. It was not until the 1960s with the work of some psychologists such as Rokeach that the subject was revisited. In the 1970s, the inception of cognitive science opened the door to further pursuits of beliefs research. A t...

Learner-centered teaching has a very long history. Two of the first educators to put emphasis on the learner were Confucius and Socrates (5th to 4th centuries B.C.). Over two millennia passed before seventeenth century Englishman Locke introduced experiential education/the idea that one learns through experience. Another two hundred years passed be...

This literature review has been carried out in order to develop a clear understanding of LCT. In the present study, document review methods was adopted. This method is based on the secondary sources of the data. In-present depth Desk Review is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources. The major aim of the study is to explore me...

The learner centered teaching LCT is a very important teaching and learning strategies in the field of education. LCT has been widely used in the literature around world. LCT is said to be one of the multiple labels of constructivist teaching philosophy. The focus of the instruction is to facilitate students to develop critical perspectives about t...

Education is a process of transmitting culture from a sociological point of view. Schools are formal institutions whose main objective is to preserve and transmit the culture of society. It is clear that society is one of the vital part of curriculum development. At the same time, curriculum designer must consider while designing a curriculum. So,...

The present study is carried out in order to analyze the existing Masters' Degree curriculum of Foundation of Education (ED 511). Descriptive survey design has been used in present study. 10 teachers of different college of Tribhuvan University and 20 post-graduation (M ED) students who studying at Sanothimi campus were selected as samples using pu...

Psychological foundation is also one of the important foundation of LCT. This article analysis the psychological basis of LCT. Two of the first educators to put emphasis on the learner were Confucius and Socrates (5 th to 4 th centuries BC). Over two millennia passed before seventeenth century Locke introduced experiential education (the idea that...

The present study is carried out in order to revisit the prevailing the primary education curriculum in Nepal. Descriptive survey design has been used in present study. 200 primary school teachers, 200students and 100 parents were selected as samples using purposive sampling. The results of the present study indicated that although the general obje...

Context of the study: With the advent of the digital age, traditional didactic teaching and online learning have been modified and gradually replaced by BL. One of the most effective patterns of modern University Education is blended learning (BL) that combine traditional classroom activities with elements of e-learning, and makes a wide use of mod...

Social studies is one of the important programme of study at school education in Nepal. Accordingly, learner centered teaching (LCT) is also widely discussed and researched pedagogical practices in the world. In this context, the present study investigated the views of social studies teachers on LCT. Qualitative research tradition has been employed...

In the history of Nepalese education, 1853 AD marked the entry of the English system of education by the establishment of Durbar Elementary School by Jung Bahadur Rana after his return from his visit to Great Britain. The English type followed the British model of India, which was at one time accredited based on the Oxford and Cambridge examination...

Teachers’ belief is one the most discussed phenomenon in the field of education. Beliefs have generally been discerned through the personal experiences and interactions with immediate environment and setting. Teachers’ beliefs have in the central positions, which are not easily liable to change whereas curricular and pedagogical beliefs seem to be...

In the field of pedagogical practices, two aspects have been studied with great interest. Educators have long been researching how to make classroom delivery effective in the 21st century. In this context, the difference between LCT and TCT has been studied for the long time. Some scholars have emphasized on TCT while many other scholars educators...

This article traces the historical development of learner-centered teaching (LCT) and examines the major contributions of educators. Accordingly, this article has also analyzed the perception of various educationists regarding LCT. LCT is an approach to teaching that is increasingly being encouraged in education. The paradigm shifts away from teach...

Although learner centred teaching has recently become one of the most prevalent educational ideas, the term LCT has long been in existence in the education setting. LCT is a very important teaching-learning process in the field of education. Studies and research are being done in this regard all over the world. Teachers have a very important role t...

Abstract Learner centred education is one of the most widely discussed and admired phenomenon in the 21st century. The major aim of the present study to gain insight in the perceptions and practices of secondary school teachers and pupils in Dhangadhi Sub-metropolitan city, Kailali, Nepal with regard to child-centered education. In the present stud...

Many developing countries has been attempting to bring a paradigm shift from TCT to LCT classrooms for years, particularly through annual in-service training, yet most of the classrooms remain dominated by rote-learning. One potential reason is that although scholars have suggested that LCT is grounded in deeply rooted cultural values resistant to...

The major aim of the present study is to study the expectation of the parents regarding the primary education curriculum. Descriptive survey method has been adopted in the present study. Conducted through survey model, this study involves semi-structured interviews with 205 parents of the primary schools children of Ramaroshan Municipality-4, Achha...

Signs of LCT education began appearing with the dawning of formal education and can be traced back to the Sumerians and the development of written language around 3500 B. C. Later in seventeenth century, Locke introduced experiential education (the idea that one learns through experience). Another two hundred years passed before European educators...

The major aim of the present study was to examine the influence of parental involvement in the implementation of curriculum at Basic Schools of Ramaroshan Rural Municipality, Achham, province no 7, Nepal. The descriptive survey design was used in the present study. 50 teachers, 200 parents, and 200 pupils were selected as samples for present study....

Learner centered teaching (LCT) have been focuses of discussion from 1980s and particularly the 1990s in developing countries. From the 1980s there have been quite a lot of concerns and arguments over the appropriateness of learner centered teaching (LCT) for developing countries where the social and cultural values, educational traditions, and ava...

There have been quite a lot of concerns and arguments over the appropriateness of CCE for developing countries where the social and cultural values, educational traditions, and available resources are so different from the West. Most of the educationists argue for the teacher centred formalistic approach which is believed to be more suitable for co...

The aim of this study was to explore the primary level social studies teachers’ perceptions and experience on implementation of constructivist approach in their classroom. Narrative inquiry, a form of qualitative method, was employed in the present study. Samples were selected on the basis of purposive sampling. A semi-structured interview was cond...

Constructivism has been a very powerful model for explaining how knowledge is produced in the world as well as how students learn. Moreover, constructivist teaching practices are becoming more prevalent in teacher education programs, while demonstrating significant success in promoting student learning. In this paper, the author takes a serious loo...

The major aim of the present study is to address the question do we have any alternative of deficit model of teaching learning? For this purpose, teachers of social studies teachers were interviewed and teaching learning practices of social studies has been evaluated. The researcher adopts the theoretical underpinnings of socio-cultural approach to...

Social studies is in the position of an important course that includes topics related to the discipline of social sciences such as geography, economics, sociology and history. History topics among these social science disciplines have a very important place in the social studies curriculum. It seems important to determine the opinions of the social...

Philosophy is essential for the development of any kind of curriculum. Curriculum objectives, content, classroom delivery, and evaluation process are determined on the basis of philosophical bases. Without philosophy, educators will have no direction as to what and how to organize and implement whatever we are trying to achieve within the school sy...

Social studies as a subject is one of the important subject in the field of primary education in Nepal. In the context of Nepal, the need of social studies was felt in the early 1950s. The present study is carried out in order to study the problem and prospective of primary education social studies curriculum in Nepal. Descriptive survey design has...

In ancient times, Krishna financially helped his childhood friend Sudama. Now day's brothers are quarrelling for money and ready to kill each other. Eklavya gave his teacher Dronachrya his thumb happily. Nowadays, a student will not hesitate even for a second before cutting his teacher's thumb. These things prove that people were really good at hea...

Gender representation in school textbooks has been researched and discussed extensively in a serious academic tone since the early classic studies by second wave feminists in the 1970s and 1980s using content analysis approach. The feminist poststructuralists, using qualitative approaches, asserted that textbooks are gender bias: these carry signif...

The major objective of the present study is to evaluate the curricular relevance and appropriateness of the present primary education curriculum in Nepal. Accordingly, this study intended to identify the problems and challenges associated with the curriculum. Altogether 400 headmasters, assistance head masters and subject teachers were selected on...

The major intention of the present study is to scrutinize the prevailing primary education curriculum from human right perspectives. This study aimed at to identify human rights friendly, unfriendly and paradoxical subject matters included in the existing primary education curriculum. At the same time, present study analyzes the opinions of primary...

Sufficient research studies are not conducted in the field of primary level social studies curriculum pertaining to effective instructional pedagogy. At the same time, research studies conducted in the field of primary level social studies fail to take into account one very important variable: How do the primary school children enjoy learning socia...

The major objectives of the present study is to identify human rights friendly, unfriendly and paradoxical subject matters included in primary education curriculum and analyze opinions of primary school teachers, students, parents, curriculum designers, and stakeholders of primary education on existing primary education curriculum. Accordingly, des...