Rajeev Sharma

• M. Pharm Ph.D
• Asst Professor at Amity University

The goal of targeted drug delivery systems (TDDS) is to identify the target and deliver the loaded bioactive into predefined target with minimum unhealthy side effects. Drug targeting makes it simpler for the medicinal agents to achieve the desired boy site and demonstrates an enhanced beneficial effect at a predefined rate and time. Additionally,...

Background Intraocular inflammation, commonly referred to as uveitis, is a prevalent ocular disease. The categorization of uveitis may be based on the prevailing anatomical site, which includes anterior, intermediate, and posterior uveitis. There exists a significant body of evidence indicating that T cells play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis o...

In recent years, inulin has gained much attention as a promising multifunctional natural biopolymer with numerous applications in drug delivery, prebiotics, and therapeutics. It reveals a multifaceted biopolymer with transformative implications by elucidating the intricate interplay between inulin and the host, microbiome, and therapeutic agents. T...

Dendrimers are radially symmetric, hyperbranched, well-organized, monodispersed, homogenous organic moieties with a three-dimensional structure. They possess terminal functional groups on the surface that improve their functionality and make them a versatile and biocompatible drug delivery module. Due to relatively low bioavailability, poor cell me...

In this review, we discuss recent developments in multicompartment systems commonly referred to as vesosomes, as well as their method of preparation, surface modifications, and clinical potential. Vesosomal systems are able to entrap more than one drug moiety and can be customized for site-specific delivery. We focus in particular on the possible r...

Nanotechnology has drawn the attention of many researchers for the delivery of therapeutics used in various medical applications. Liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles represent promising nanocarriers that efficiently encapsulate drugs, which prevents their degradation along with the control and sustained drug release. Despite the many advantages o...

Aim The present study was conducted to formulate and investigate liposomes for the dual drug delivery based on anti-tubercular drug(s) combination i.e. Isoniazid (INH) and Rifampicin (RIF). Materials and methods Mannosylated and non mannosylated liposomes were prepared by lipid thin film hydration method, using DSPC: Chol at a molar ratio 6:4 whil...

Colon cancer is highly prevalent globally. Even though there is significant progress in treatment, high morbidity and mortality still occur. It is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world and also the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy. The global incidence of colon cancer is predicted to rise by 60% to more than 2.2 mil...

The aim of the present study was to analyze the lung targeting potential of surface engineered mesospheres loaded with doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX). Gelatin-based DOX encapsulated mesospheres were prepared using a steric stabilization process and surface modified with mannose, using the amino group present on the surface of the mesospheres. Gela...

Oral drug delivery (ODD) is considered as one of the most convenient and optimal routes of drug delivery administration for achieving therapeutic benefits. This preference stems from several factors including patient compliance, noninvasiveness, ease-of-use, and reliability of oral dosage forms. Despite significant advancement in other administrati...

s Animal models for tuberculosis research provide valuable and specific information about the nature of the disease (pathology and the immune response). Refinement of animal models may pave the way to new information of great importance. The choice of model is mainly dependent on cost, availability, space, as well as biosafety requirements. There a...

The goal of present study to assess the antigen specific immunopotentiation effect of mannose functionalized endosomolytic and conventional nanocomposite(s) based combination approach using C57BL/6 mice melanoma model. Endosomolytic and conventional nanocomposite(s) were prepared by double emulsification method. The optimized formulation was extens...

The object of present study was to design, develop and characterize mannose functionalized lipid-polymer based nanocomposite(s) for the site-specific delivery of immunogenic molecules. The DSPE-PEG 2000 -mannose was synthesized by the method reported elsewhere in the literature and then characterized by using FTIR and ¹ NMR spectral analysis. The f...

Nanomedicine is an emerging field, which constitutes a new direction in the treatment of cancer. The advent of nanotechnology has the potential to greatly facilitate the early detection and treatment of cancer. Nanocarriers are a group of nano-sized vehicles devised to deliver loaded bioactive(s) to target malignant cells, tissues or organs and hav...

The effectiveness of any drug is dependent on to various factors like drug solubility, bioavailability, selection of appropriate delivery system, and proper route of administration. The oral route for the delivery of drugs is undoubtedly the most convenient, safest and has been widely used from past few decades for the effective delivery of drugs....

A folic acid-conjugated paclitaxel (PTX)-doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier(s) (FA-PTX-DOX NLCs) were prepared by using emulsion-evaporation method and extensively characterized for particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and % entrapment efficiency which were found to be 196 ± 2.5 nm, 0.214 ± 0.04, +23.4 ± 0.3 mV an...

Hydrogels are promising and innovative drug delivery system that plays a vital role by addressing the problems associated with old and modern therapeutics such as nonspecific effects and poor stability. Hydrogels are extensively being explored as drug delivery systems due to ease of their modifications and ability to efficiently encapsulate therape...

The aim of present approach was to design and develop mannose functionalized reverse polymeric nanocomposite(s) system based on release promoter (MRPRPNs). Thus, the composition of the present formulation was optimized by employing the systematic design of experiments (DoE) for screening and optimization using L8-Array Taguchi and 3-level-3-factor...

Nanotechnology has drawn the attention of many researchers for the delivery of therapeutics used in various medical applications. Liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles represent promising nanocarriers that efficiently encapsulate drugs, which prevents their degradation along with the control and sustained drug release. Despite the many advantages o...

Psoriasis, one of the dreadful skin autoimmune disorder is characterized with relapsing episodes of inflammation and hyperkeratosis. Presently, various treatment approaches with different antipsoriatic drugs having different modes of action and routes of administration, are established. Among the currently available treatments including topical the...

Vaccination has been accomplished as one of the most effective method of regulating microbial infections. Progress in nano-biotechnology has created opportunities for the development of a nanocarrier-based new generation of vaccines against various diseases such as cancer, malaria, hepatitis B, anthrax, AIDS, etc. Nanoparticulate-carrier-based vacc...

Nanotechnology-based “theranostic” approaches have gained much interest in the area of cancer research, particularly in the development of novel nanomedicine that combines therapeutic and bioimaging agents using a single nanoscale carrier system. This concept, coined as “nanotheranostics,” enables diagnosis and monitoring of bioactive(s) delivery a...

Cancer is a dreadful disease and presently the leading cause of death worldwide. Scientists are continuously exploring new treatment regimen for successful management of this disease. Advancement in the field of nanotechnology and its integration with the field of immunotherapy has paved new ways for improving the treatment of cancer. Immunotherapy...

Aim: The purpose of present approach is to target C-Type lectin (CTL) receptors for preferential uptake by the macrophages/dendritic cells and improving the cross-presentation of ovalbumin. Materials & methods: Conventional and engineered nanoliposomes (MPNLs) were fabricated and extensively characterized. The nanoliposome(s) was spherical in sh...

The combination of nanocarriers and biological molecules is of intense interest because of the synergistic properties offered by such newly synthesized composites. Heparin conjugated to nanomaterials has recently been investigated for its beneficial chemical and biological properties and its capacity to improve the biocompatibility of nanocarriers,...

Size-dependent immunity prompted interest in development of not only nanosized-based but also microparticle (MP)-based vaccine delivery systems. By using micrometric-sized substances such as virus-like proteins, liposomes, and MPs, a number of antigens and adjuvants can be simultaneously administered, which enhances the activation of the immune sys...

Progress in biotechnology has created many opportunities for the development of protein- and peptide-based therapeutics for the treatment of genetic and acquired diseases which are exclusively administered by the parenteral route. The limitations of current drug-delivery systems include suboptimal bioavailability, limited effective targeting, and p...

Biodegradable and biocompatible polymeric nanoparticles have gained much attention in recent decades in the field of drug delivery, particularly in the development of new-generation cancer therapies. Nanoparticle-based cancer therapies are a promising strategy owing to their nanosize, surface-modifiable properties, and ability to overcome the biome...

The oral deliverance of therapeutics established the route of drug administration and is extensively explored in this chapter. Unfortunately, it is weighed down with a few key problems including devastation of therapeutics in the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and low absorption of macromolecules. A number of approaches have b...

The aim of the present work is to formulate heparin-modified-polycaprolactone (HEP) core shell nanoparticles (NPs) of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). These NPs were characterized for various in vitro parameters like particle size, zeta potential, etc. HEP NPs were found to maintain comparatively slower drug release pattern (98.9% in 96 h) than PCL NPs. Cyto...

The present study is designed to engineer fucose anchored methotrexate loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) to target breast cancer. The developed nano-carriers were characterized with respect to particle size, PDI, zeta potential, drug loading and entrapment, in-vitro release etc. The characterized formulations were used to comparatively assess...

Present study was designed to engineer surface-anchored and methotrexate loaded lipobrid nano-constructs for targeting breast cancer. Ligands(fucose, galactose and mannose) anchored lipobrid nano-constructs were used to compare and assess delivery efficiency in breast cancer cell lines as well as in DMBA induced breast cancer animal model. The deve...

Recent years have witnessed a shift in paradigm in regard to the use of nanobiomaterials over conventional systems. Noteworthy advances have been made in the development of nanomaterials of precise geometry and physicochemical and surface properties. Formulations with biodegradable polymers and their subsequent surface tailoring further resulted in...

In the recent years, theranostic nanomedicine based strategies have gained much attention in the field of oncology particularly, in the development of new generation cancer diagnostic and therapeutic tools. Today, various approaches have been developed for bioactive(s) targeting to predefined pathological sites, as well as for quantification of phy...

In recent years, polymers have gained much attention in the pharmaceutical field. The need for biocompatible and biodegradable materials with desired properties has resulted in the development of biodegradable polymers. Biodegradable polymers degrade within the body following natural biological processes, therefore the need for removal of drug carr...

Infectious agents generally use mucosal surfaces as entry port to the body thereby necessitating the need of development of mucosal vaccine as vaccination is important for disease avoidance and suppression. Vaccination through mucosal route is a promising strategy to elicit efficient immune response as parentally administered vaccines induce poor m...

Mitochondria are of an increasing interest in pharmaceutical and medical research since it has emerged as an intriguing target for treatment of many diseases with a great diversity of clinical appearance. The efficiency of drug action relies largely on how well it is able to reach its target or even its target inside the cell such as mitochondria....

Mucosal sites serve as the main portal for the entry of pathogens and thus immunization through mucosal routes can greatly improve the immunity. Researchers are continuously exploring the vaccination strategies to engender protective mucosal immune responses. Unearthing of mucosal adjuvants, that are safe and effective, is enhancing the magnitude a...

The oral delivery of therapeutics is of paramount importance to medical application and advancement. There has been remarkable advancement in the field of polymeric formulations for oral delivery of therapeutics. Novel polymeric formulation like polymeric nanoparticles, micelles and dendrimers are exploited and researched to further improve the bio...

Therapeutic vaccines that treat cancers with the help of the patient's own immune system signify a feasible option for active immunotherapy against the disease. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a central role in modulating the immune response and thus can be wisely utilized as an immunotherapeutic strategy for cancer regimens. Advances in the knowledge o...

The oral route for drug delivery is regarded as the optimal route for achieving therapeutic benefits owing to increased patient compliance. Despite phenomenal advances in injectable, transdermal, nasal and other routes of administration, the reality is that oral drug delivery remains well ahead of the pack as the preferred delivery route. Nanocarri...

Nanotechnology is considered to be significant innovative revolution that have found wide spectrum of applications in the fields ranging from medicine, diagnostics, electronics, and communications. Currently used pharmaceutical nanocarriers, such as dendrimers, micelles, nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, microspheres, and many of the nanocarr...

Proteins and peptides are complex macromolecules that are prone to change in their native structure during storage, which causes undesired side-effects after their administration. During past decades, bioactive carriers have played an important role in stabilization of proteins. Incorporation of the protein and peptides into a particulate carrier c...