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Introduction
Soils and landscapes, land use transformation, mountain environment and society, the Caucasus
Current institution
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Institute of Geography RAS and Higher School of Economics
Position
- Leading Researcher
Publications
Publications (43)
In agricultural mountain regions, changes in weather patterns force people to look for new agricultural activities, shift from agriculture to tourism services, or even leave the mountains. This study discusses the role of Dagestan’s agricultural terraces as a potential resource for mountain people to adapt agricultural activities to climate change,...
The composition of macro- and microbiota in soils formed in treatment facilities (filtration fields) of the sugar industry in the Chernozem zone of Russia was studied. Soil moisture and the abundance and diversity of organic and mineral substances entering treated plants with wastewater have a significant impact on communities of microorganisms and...
Abstract
The article summarizes the results of the first stage of research into adaptation measures taken by the rural population of mountain areas and the administration of Dagestan in response to climate change. An assessment of climate change over the past 20 years in the Eastern Caucasus, with special attention to the mountain areas of Dagestan...
The results of the first stage of research on adaptation measures taken by the rural population of mountain regions and the administration of Dagestan in response to climate change are presented. Assessment of climate change over the past 20 years in the Eastern Caucasus with special attention to the mountain territories of Dagestan was carried out...
Soils formed in treatment facilities of sugar beet factories in the forest-steppe zone of Kursk oblast were studied. Technogenic factors of soil formation associated with the industrial sugar beet activity and post-technogenic processes during the abandonment of treatment facilities are considered. The alternation of settling ponds and the earth wa...
Soils formed in treatment facilities of sugar beet factories in the forest-steppe zone of the Kursk region were studied. The technogenic factors of soil formation associated with the industrial sugar beet activity, and post-technogenic processes, acting during the abandonment of treatment facilities, are considered. The alternation of settling pond...
The paleoclimatic reconstruction of the last 14 ka was carried out by GPR sounding, spore–pollen analysis, and radiocarbon dating of a peat section (7 m) located in the model bog of Valdai National Park (Novgorod oblast). The peat accumulation rates varied from 0.075 mm/yr during the Late Glacial to 0.15–1.15 mm/yr during the Boreal stage (when the...
По материалам георадиолокационного зондирования, спорово-пыльцевого анализа и радиоуглеродного датирования торфяного разреза (7 м) модельного верхового болота национального парка Валдайский (Новгородская область) проведена палеоклиматическая реконструкция последних 14 тыс. лет. Скорости торфонакопления колебались от 0.075 мм/год в позднеледниковье...
At a time, when the five riparian countries have renewed consultation with each other about the future of the Caspian Sea, it is appropriate to propose a state of the art of the potential natural threats to the regional environment. We present a critical review of geological, meteorological–climatological and hydrological hazards and disasters illu...
In recent decades, organic agriculture has played an increasingly prominent role in the global and Russian agricultural sector. This trend emerged in opposition to industrial agrarian production, in response to growing demands for environmental protection and social justice. The article analyzes the place of organic agriculture among the agrarian s...
Sugar production generates a lot of wastewaters which are discharged into extensive treatment facilities. For the first time, soils and vegetation formed at the treatment facilities of the sugar industry in the Chernozem zone of Russia (Lgov sugar mill, Kursk region) were studied. Depending on the topography and activity/inactivity settling ponds G...
In green agriculture, organic, integrated and adaptive (coordinate, precise) systems are distinguished based on the principles of nature protection and human health. These systems partially overlap each other and operate with varying degrees of efficiency in the world. Unlike many countries, where mostly small farms are involved in the green agricu...
The first soil classifications dividing soils according to their individual properties and reflecting the resource value of soils were, in fact, substantive classifications. The appearance of soil science that studies soils as special natural bodies changing in space according to natural laws has led to the emergence of genetic soil classifications...
Attention to the special role of mountains has historically benefited enormously from sustained interaction between scientists, practitioners, and policy makers. The Caucasus Regional Research Agenda (C-RRA) is but the latest sign of these crucial and productive interactions. The C-RRA is the collective outcome of a dialogue among scientists from A...
Terraces represent one of the most common agricultural landscape elements in the mountainous regions of the North Caucasus. In the Central and West Caucasus, most of the arable terraces were converted into grasslands for grazing and haymaking 60-70 years ago and then abandoned or underused during the last 20-25 years. The role of abandoned terraces...
Mountain regions of the North Caucasus are traditional rural areas which can be called as marginal territory becoming the borderland in 1991. Weakening and even ceasing the economic activity, population outflow and abandoning the mountain grasslands make marginality as a many-sided problem of the mountain regions. These processes are occurring at t...
Mountain semi-natural grasslands of intermontane basins of Central Caucasus, North Ossetia-Alania and the history of its land use were studied. It was found that post-forest, meadow-steppe and partially subalpine grasslands in the study area had been used as croplands for centuries and have been transformed into grazing lands about 60 years ago. In...
The local landscapes of Early Mesolithic–Neolithic settlements within the Upper Volga outwash plain are reconstructed based on the investigation of the multilayer archaeological sites Minino 2 and Zamostye 5, Moscow district, Russian forest zone according to former descriptions by the authors (Vandenberghe et al., 2010). Regional environments in th...
Changes in the boundaries of high-altitude mountain belts can be treated as a proof of climate change. These changes were caused by termination of human activities. The article demonstrates the role of climatic factors in changes of the boundaries and state of sub-alpine landscapes in the North Caucasus, where the transformation of land use system...
Historical natural hazards contain a wealth of information worth studying when dealing with the improvement of present mitigation plans. The instrumental record of many natural hazards is very short and it is only by looking at historical and geological events that the full range of natural forces can be estimated. Moreover, lessons may be derived...
This study deals with population dynamics in the mountains of North Ossetia-Alania (Russian Federation) over the last 120 years. It documents the loss of mountain population over this period and analyses its implications on demography and land use. The combined processes of growth in the piedmont and outmigration from the mountains have led to a dr...
The diversity of soils and complexity of soil cover in humid tropics and subtropics, especially in the mountain regions, cannot be fully explained by climatic control over soil formation. The objective of the research was to investigate the role of time and erosion processes as factors controlling soil diversity in humid tropical and subtropical mo...
Catastrophic loss of soils and slope sediments by landslides causes destruction of mountainous environment and outflow of population from affected areas. However, the role of landslides in mountainous regions goes beyond direct destructive activity. The sliding mass expose surfaces for weathering and accumulate loose mineral material, the vital res...
River valleys have always been attractive places for human occupation. The history of Mesolithic and Neolithic floodplain occupation is linked with archives of fluvial evolution, in particular the intricate relationships between palaeo-hydrological regimes, ecological development and sedimentary environments. This paper describes floodplain evoluti...
The role of landslides in mountain regions is complicated. Landslides are considered as a mechanism of loss and the accumulation
of dispersed mineral matter. They also play a role in the formation of new mountain relief and ecosystems, and the conservation
of archeological and environmental information. The loss by landslides of fine earth, an irre...
The current use and conditions of mountainous pastoral ecosystems were studied, and vegetation and soil changes under various grazing pressure and natural environment are shown. The traditional centuries-old range management system was damaged after the kolkoz system collapse. Present extensive uncontrolled pasture farming uses the nearest meadow-s...
Results of complex polyscaled analyses of the modern socio-demographic and economic processes in mountain republics of Northern Osetiya-Alaniya are presented in the article. Dynamic of such processes in the XX century in a whole and during the last 15 years at the republic, region and separate settlements level is shown. Northern Osetiya is conside...
The main results of past-soviet land using transformation in the mountainous districts of Adjarian Autonomous republic (Georgia) were as following: total destruction of mono-cultural tobacco farming without any substitution by a culture, adequate by the profitability, small-size arable land plots due to increase of number of landowners; total absen...
Southern Siberia and the far eastern parts of Russia run west to east, from 49 to 55 (60)° N latitudes and 84 to 140° E longitude and to the extent of approximately 5000 km, from western Siberia to the Pacific coast, along the Russian-Mongolian and Russian-Chinese borders. This region includes the vast southern Siberian mountain systems of the Alta...
The main expectations concerning the use of nature, which were popular before 1991 in such multinational and populous parts of the former USSR as the eastern coast of the Black Sea are considered, and real results of nature use and soil resources transformations in this region are analysed. It is shown that the collapse of nature protective legisla...
Consequences of changes in ways and structures of land use typical for the last decades for some Russian and Georgian mountain regions and their impact on conditions of mountain soils are described in the article. Evaluation methodology of mountain soils' agroecosystems' condition are presented, which based on data analyses on land fund structure o...
Time-dependent processes are the most important factor contributing to diversity of the soil and weathering mantle (SWM) in the humid tropics and subtropics. Two models of SWM self-development in time are proposed and exemplified by soil chronosequences on tropical volcanic islands in the Pacific Ocean and in the humid subtropics on the east coast...
A scheme of determining the residence time (occurrence dynamics) of water-soluble organic matter in different horizons of a soil profile from lysimetric data is outlined. The calculations will contribute to a better understanding of the dynamics of different soil-forming factors. The accumulated experience will permit researchers to address the sol...
A new model concerning the geography of tropical and subtropical soils is proposed to discussion. Tropical and subtropical pedogenesis is considered in the complex combination of action of climate, variability of parent rocks, age and evolution inheritance. Main mineralogical groups of parent rocks are analyzed as a background of formation of diffe...
A general scheme of determining a form of the "appearance-loss" ("source-sink") functions of soil constituents on the basis of lysimetric measurements is described. The knowledge of these functions is necessary for elaborating a quantitative theory of soil processes within the continuum approximation.
