Raija Koivisto

Retired from VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland

An approach to resilience assessment is described for the energy supply system of the city of Helsinki, Finland. Developed in the EU project SmartResilience, the approach has aimed at solutions for practical resilience assessment of increasingly smart critical infrastructures (SCIs) in urban environments. A selected test scenario involves a cold wi...

To gain the potential benefit of autonomous intelligent systems, their design and development need to be aligned with fundamental values and ethical principles. We need new design approaches, methodologies and processes to deploy ethical thought and action in the contexts of autonomous intelligent systems. To open this discussion, this article pres...

The EU project SmartResilience aims to develop methods for practical assessment of the resilience of smart critical infrastructures (SCIs) in urban environments. The paper will describe an approach applied in the case of the energy supply system of the city of Helsinki, Finland. A selected scenario involves a cold winter period challenging the supp...

The EU project SmartResilience aims to develop methods for practical assessment of the resilience of smart critical infrastructures (SCIs) in urban environments. The resentation will describe an approach applied in the case of the energy supply system of the city of Helsinki, Finland

Despite the considerable hype around platforms, our understanding of what the platform economy means and what drivers will define future development trajectories is limited. Companies and policy makers have a great need to investigate what potential opportunities will arise from the platform economy. A shared perception of uncertainties and a stron...

The aim of the SATORI roadmap process was to work out how the SATORI ethics assessment framework can be implemented in practice. The timespan of the roadmap was set at 10 years. To begin, a vision of a future in which the SATORI framework is implemented was formulated. Theories about the implementation of new social practices were subsequently stud...

Tässä raportissa luodaan katsaus siihen, mitä suomalaisen työn tulevaisuudesta on sanottu, mitkä ovat keskeiset muutoskulut työn murroksessa ja mihin kannattaa jatkossa keskittyä. Tavoitteena on auttaa jaetun näkemyksen muodostamisessa työn tulevaisuudesta. Raportti tukee hallituksen seuraavaa tulevaisuusselontekoa. ISBN Web: 978-952-287-380-4 ht...

Mass transport systems are vital for big cities and their disruption may have severe consequences for the economy, safety and security of the general public. Thus far, the attacks on mass transport have been about twice as lethal as terrorist attacks overall. Mass transport systems are typically of open design layout with multiple access points, an...

The design, management and evaluation of foresight is challenging firstly due to the vast diversity of foresight practices and secondly due to its embeddedness in the context of other policy processes. To help overcome these challenges we look at the contributions of foresight from multiple perspectives in a systemic way and propose the concept of...

The industrial internet is part of the new wave of digital disruption where connected products and services enable the intelligent use of tied-up capital and knowledge of products and services. It brings about significant changes to the productivity of the public economy and companies, various management practises, business models and general compe...

Using corporate foresight to understand future customers and their needs in middle and low end markets of the mechanical engineering industry in China This foresight study assessed the Chinese manufacturing industry markets 10 years ahead. The PESTEV (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, Values) frame was used to give a multi-...

Teollinen Internet (TI) on tämän hetken tärkeimpiä murroksia niin Suomessa kuin maailmanlaajuises- ti. Myös Suomelle haetaan uutta kasvua ja kilpailukykyä Teollisen Internetin hyödyntämisen kautta. Valtioneuvoston kanslia (VNK) onkin nimennyt sen yhdeksi kärkiteemoistaan ja päättänyt toteuttaa selvitystyön teemalla ”Suomalainen Teollinen Internet –...

Design, management and evaluation of foresight is challenging due to a fragmentation of approaches, emphasis on context and linkages to other policy processes. There is a need to look at the contributions of foresight from different perspectives in a systemic way. To this end we propose the concept of Multi-Layered Foresight, which analyses the con...

The gradual paradigm shift in innovation research and policy from linear to systemic innovation models has also challenged also the conventional technocratic technology-driven forecasting practices and called for new participatory and systemic foresight approaches (Smits and Kuhlmann 2004). In the 1980s, publicly funded foresight activities were co...

2nd iNTeg-Risk Conference: New Technologies & Emerging Risks. Dealing with multiple and interconnected emerging risks, Jovanovic, A., Renn, O. & Salvi, O. (eds.), 115 - 122 UML - Unified Modelling Language has a graphical notation for 13 different types of diagrams and can be used as a general modelling tool. Well known examples of diagram types ar...

This article suggests that, in the current interlinked innovation meta-system, research and technology organisations (RTOs) would benefit from developing two systemic capacities: partial structural openness enabling flexibility in organisation and an anticipatory culture that builds on an anticipatory agency, that is, a proactive participatory appr...

This paper examines the potential of integrating future-oriented technology analysis (FTA) with risk assessment methodologies and tools, with the aim of developing more proactive risk assessments and also systematically including risk assessment in future-oriented technology analysis. The similarities and development challenges of foresight, Techno...

While the expansion of foresight scope towards systemic processes and societal considerations has provided significant opportunities for learning and synchronised action between different business units and/or policy fields, it may also have caused digression and ambiguity in the practice and theory of the management of foresight processes. This is...

The objective of this roadmap was to feature the drivers, needs and future potential for various actors involved in the food production and distribution chain, but also for actors developing services offering communication and motivation tools for consumers who wish to improve their nutrition. The roadmap was divided in two parts: 1) background par...

Rouhiainen, Veikko (ed.), Scientific activities in Safety & Security 2009, 18-19

Critical infrastructures (CIs) like energy, information, water or food supply systems, for example, are highly interconnected and complex systems. Risk assessment of such interdependent systems is challenging; the identification of the interdependencies as well as the identification of potential consequences in case of disturbances is demanding. Th...

Modern biotechnology is one of the key enabling technologies of the 21st century with a potentially wide range of applications in many sectors, including health, agriculture and industrial processes. Considering the potential of modern biotechnology to contribute to the achievement of major European Union policy goals, such as economic growth and j...

The safe application of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) requires a risk assessment prior to their proposed use. Based on methods from the chemical industry, we developed a hazard identification procedure for the risk assessment of field tests with genetically modified plants. This risk assessment method, GMHAZID, is carried out in the form of...

The use of genetically modified plants (GMP) is strictly controlled by European authorities. Thorough risk assessment, which should focus on health and ecological risks, is now obligatory. This article describes the risk assessment procedure in the context legislation and of risk assessment theory mainly as applied in the process industry. It is re...

After severe accidents—including Flixborough 1974 and Seveso 1976—in chemical process industries in Europe, the member states of the European Community agreed on measures to prevent such major accidents in the future. This agreement is formulated as the Council Directive of 24 June 1982 on the Major-Accident Hazards of Certain Industrial Activities...

Shorter throughput times, flexibility, efficiency, safety and environmental awareness are characteristic trends in process industries today. Safety and environmental aspects are often considered and analysed at too late a stage in the process development and design, and extra costs are incurred later on due to changes and delays. This paper discuss...

Thesis (doctoral)--University of Oulu, 1996.

The paper discusses the fundamentals on which the methodology of safety-conscious conceptual process design should be built. The concepts of process and safety are explicated by verbal definitions and formalized as an object hierarchy. The association of safety with process structural properties through relationships between lower level concepts is...

In connection with an EC-funded research project concerning toxic effluents from chemical warehouse fires, a database containing detailed information on selected fire cases has been developed. This paper describes the database and gives examples of its application for identification of fire types, substances involved and fire products/smoke charact...

In reality it is not possible to separate managerial and engineering knowledge without a considerable information loss. Realistic integrated conventional managerial/engineering files are rather vague and very sparse. They are not suitable for direct applications of fuzzy reasoning algorithms. A fuzzy upgrading is a retrospective application of the...

Burning of materials is one of the most investigated reactions. However, there are some areas, such as warehouse fires, which are still not well understood because of the complexity of the problem. The problem in warehouse fires is the combinations and reactions of different chemicals and substances the nature of which is not always known either by...

Integration of a qualitative submodel, qualitative query, semiqualitative submodel (see Ref. 6) and semiqualitative query is described. The resulting hybrid model represents the optimal trade-off between the accuracy of semiqualitative modelling and the flexibility of qualitative common sense. Hybrid modelling can eliminate many spurious solutions....

Risk assessment of a chemical process plant requires the application of a variety of consequence models in order to estimate the potential physical effects of accidental releases. The types of models required vary depending upon the substance under consideration and the circumstances of a release. The objective of this study was the development and...

Summary This paper examines the potential of integrating future-oriented technology analysis (FTA) with risk assessment methodologies and tools, with the aim of developing more proactive risk assessments and also systematically including risk assessment in future-oriented technology analysis. The similarities and development challenges of foresight...

9th CHISA Congr. Prague, 30 Aug. - 4 Sept. 1987

Työsuojelurahaston julkaisuja Työsuojelurahaston julkaisuja n:o A4. J. Ranta & P. Huuhtanen. In: Informaatiotekniikka ja työympäristö. Osa 4., 119 - 157

Työsuojelurahaston julkaisuja - The Finnish Work Environment Fund Publications C 8

IX Fachtagung als IV Symp. Zuverlässigkeit und Sicherheit von Chemieanlagen. Köthen, DDR, 27. - 28.9.1989

Nord. Ergonomisällsk. Årskonf. 1989 (NES-89). Tampere, 12. - 14.9.1989, 232 - 237

6th Int. Symp. "Loss Prevention and Safety Prom. in the Process Indust." Oslo, 19 - 22 June 1989, 98:1 - 18

Kemia-Kemi Vol.17 Nr.1, 22 - 25

10th Int. Congr. of Chem. Eng., Chem. Equip. Design & Autom. Prague, Czechoslovakia, 22 - 31 Aug. 1990

Tiedotteita / Valtion teknillinen tutkimuskeskus 1092 Tässä julkaisussa tarkastellaan prosessien ohjausjärjestelmien turvallisuutta. Aluksi tarkastellaan prosesseihin liittyviä vaaroja yleisesti sekä vaaratilanteiden ja onnettomuuksien syntyä prosesseissa. Tämän jälkeen tarkastellaan ohjausjärjestelmän merkitystä prosessin turvallisuuden kannalta....