Rafael Kons

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Verified

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• Doctor of Philosophy
• Professor at Federal University of Bahia

Background Running economy is influenced by both anthropometric and biomechanical factors. Among these, body mass (BM) has a particularly significant impact on the energy cost of running. Purpose This study investigated how BM affects the correlation between RE and lower limb kinematic variables, including segmental movement coordination during su...

The Olympic Games and World Championships are key competitions in judo, with athletes aiming to secure medals in these prestigious events. The three-year Olympic cycle for Paris 2024 likely intensified the preparation period for elite judo athletes, with some classification to the Olympic Games being defined a few months before its starting. This s...

Research on performance variability in judo particularly at the Olympic and Paralympic levels have provided valuable insights, especially regarding technical-tactical aspects of elite athletes. Building on this perspective, this study aimed to examine whether variability in standing and groundwork techniques could predict performance (measured by w...

This study investigates the penalties assessed to judo athletes with visual impairments across three Paralympic Games editions (2016, 2020 + 1, and 2024). A retrospective analysis of 583 penalties from 411 athletes was conducted, focusing on factors such as sex, sports class, medal outcomes, and Paralympic editions. The results reveal that bronze m...

Purpose: This study examines the impact of the new weight categorization for the 2024 Paris Paralympic Games on performance outcomes in judo athletes with visual impairments, focusing on body mass. Design: Data from 146 para athletes (78 males, 68 females) were analysed, assessing body mass and performance outcomes (win ratio, scoring index, standi...

This study examined the impact of video review on referee decisions and match outcomes in judo for athletes with visual impairments at the Paris 2024 Paralympic Games. The analysis focused on time-motion variables, match outcomes, and the timing and duration of video reviews. Student’s t-test was used to compare time-motion variables, and the Chi s...

Classifying judo technique performance offers valuable insights into the technical-tactical profiles of judo athletes with visual impairment, particularly in high-level competition. This approach allows for a deeper understanding of how visual impairments influence the execution of specific techniques, which can vary across athletes’ sex, sport cla...

Purpose We investigated the categorical agreement between actual and estimated force–velocity–power (FVP) profiles (i.e., force deficit, velocity deficit, and balanced profile). Complementarily, we compared the FVP output metric (i.e., F0, V0, Pmax, and SFV) to identify potential sources of error. Methods Following familiarization, 37 athletes (me...

This study analyzed age-related peak performance in judo athletes with visual impairments across five Paralympic Games editions, focusing on sex, weight categories, sport classes, and competitive achievement. Data were collected from the official results books of the Athens 2004 to Tokyo 2020 + 1 Games, including 479 athletes (212 females, 267 male...

Judo performance is inherently complex due to the dynamic interplay of various factors influencing technique execution. This retrospective cohort study examined data on the technical-tactical performance of judo athletes with visual impairments across four Paralympic cycles (London 2012, Rio 2016, Tokyo 2020+1, and Paris 2024), categorized by sex (...

Background: The constant practice of judo over the years and continued participation in competitions can lead these groups to have some type of injury in some moment, especially for the veteran judo groups with different ages (30–65 years). Objectives: This study explores the prevalence of injuries in veteran judo athletes and practitioners. Method...

Introduction This study aims to 1) examine the difference and asymmetry in change of direction in shuffle movement (CoDS) performance among basketball players; 2) assess the relationship and directional agreement between asymmetry scores of CoDS, 505, and four single leg jump tests. Methods Forty-two college basketball players performed three tria...

To examine the relationship between combat outcomes (Wazari vs. Ippon) and the techniques used in the Olympic Games Rio 2016 and Tokyo 2020, an observational and retrospective analysis was conducted on the weight categories and rounds of male and female judo athletes. Two judo experts (Black Belts with 20 years of experience) independently coded th...

The present study investigated the effect of inter-limb asymmetry and bilateral indexes (BLIs) in power performance, assessed by squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ), on sport-specific anaerobic performance. Forty-eight taekwondo athletes (24 males and 24 females; mean ± SD, age: 19.8 ± 2.1 years) performed randomly, in separate sessions,...

Context: Investigating parameters related to physical capacities, muscular imbalance between the limbs, and injury reports in judo athletes with vision impairments (VI) is something extremely relevant for competitive performance, especially considering the absence of vision, which can be a determining factor in these aspects. For this, this study a...

This study investigates the influence of early competition exposure on the performance of junior judo athletes in senior-level World Championships and Olympic Games. Specifically, we examine the relationship between participation in different types of senior international competitions-Continental Championships, Grand Prix (GP), and Grand Slam (GS)-...

In official judo competitions, athletes often participate in multiple bouts with short recovery intervals, leading to progressive fatigue that impacts neuromuscular performance. This study examined the acute effects of four simulated judo bouts on bilateral strength deficit (BLD) using metrics from countermovement jumps (CMJ). Thirteen male nationa...

In order to optimize body composition and its components, it is of interest to analyze inter-limb asymmetries in athletes of popular combat sports such as Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ). This study aimed to assess the magnitude and direction of body composition asymmetry in competitive male BJJ athletes. Seventeen experienced and competitive male BJJ at...

This paper reviews the unique needs, performance aspects, and assessment recommendations for judo athletes with visual impairments. A needs analysis reveals the importance of custom training strategies and environmental adaptations to facilitate training and competition. Performance aspects, including time-motion analysis and match-related performa...

This study investigated how the time of day affects physical performance and perceptual responses in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) athletes. Given the significance of circadian rhythms on athletic capabilities, we aimed to determine whether performance variations occur across different times of the day (morning, 10:00–11:00h; afternoon, 14:00–15:00h; a...

This study aimed to assess the accuracy, precision, and sensitivity of the Ergonauta contact plate in evaluating jump height performance in countermovement (CMJ) and squat jumps (SJ), compared to two previously validated devices (OptoJump and My Jump). Twenty-six young basketball players participated in the study. The participants positioned themse...

To sustain the specific intermittent activity of an official taekwondo match, high demands are placed on both aerobic and anaerobic metabolisms. Studies determining the contributions of the energy systems during the simulated match found a 62–74% participation of the oxidative system. In parallel with the widespread use of general tests for assessi...

This study investigated how jogai frequency influences referee decisions and match outcomes in judo athletes with visual impairment during official competitions. Video analysis of 268 matches revealed 1,395 instances of jogai, with 211 matches experiencing jogai and 57 without. Associations were carried out between jogai occurrences and match durat...

This study aimed to analyze the intrasession reliability of the rate of force development (RFD) in different time windows in squat jumps (SJ) performed at different knee starting angles, and identify the relationship of RFD with vertical jump height (VJH). Twenty male volleyball and basketball players participated. Athletes randomly performed SJ fr...

The ATP-PCr system represents the main source of energy during high-intensity attack actions in taekwondo matches. In contrast, the glycolytic system supports the maintenance of these actions when repeated techniques are performed. Given the close relationship between anaerobic energy systems and attack activity in combat, the literature relating t...

For judo athletes with visual impairments and their coaches, understanding possible muscle adaptations can be challenging. As it is commonplace for these adaptations to include interlimb asymmetry, we analyzed the magnitude and direction of interlimb asymmetry in judo athletes with visual impairments and verified the association of this asymmetry w...

This study provides a comprehensive analysis focusing on three critical facets: (1) evidence-based classification in Paralympic sports, with particular attention to recent changes in Para judo; (2) the rules and structure governing judo competitions; and (3) proposals aimed at enhancing the competitive environment, specifically emphasizing accessib...

The main aim of this study was to ascertain whether the victory and defeat in the different types of the judo contest, in the elite male and female divisions, are associated to the occurrence of the penalties and scores of the first three events (changes in the scoreboard -either penalty or score-) of them. 2340 contests of the 2018, 2019 and 2021...

Purpose The study aimed to analyze the optimal power load in the squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ) protocols considering raw values and scaled by body mass (BM), and in addition, to determine the mean propulsive velocity (MPV) associated at the optimum power load in SJ and CMJ. Methods Twenty-two recreationally active men performed th...

The main aim of this study was to evaluate injury prevalence, incidence rate, and burden in judo athletes with intellectual disabilities (ID) who participate in international competitions. This retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed data from the past year for 182 judo athletes with ID. Data was collected using a self-reported questionnaire,...

Strength and conditioning (S&C) is applied across various sports and levels. However, more evidence is needed regarding the practices and perspectives of those delivering S&C, with recent evidence in particular sports and countries showing that sports coaches and support staff are often tasked with this responsibility. Therefore, this study aimed t...

After the successful reception of our first edition, we thank and congratulate the authors who submitted their contributions and manuscripts for review. We present this new edition to offer all authors a first-rate publication space for their studies related to the health impact of combat sports and martial arts. In order to continue increasing the...

BACKGROUND: The goal of this study was to verify whether anthropometric, physiological and neuromuscular factors, as well as training characteristics, could predict cycling performance during maximal incremental and time-to-exhaustion tests. METHODS: Twenty cyclists were evaluated: Anthropometric variables, knee extensor muscle activation and archi...

Visual impairment is one of the disabilities that is eligible within the Paralympic system to participate in competitions in specific sports modalities. Competitiveness has grown over the years and athletes are increasingly looking for strategies to maximize their performance, especially related to physical capabilities important for specific tasks...

Match-related performance analysis in judo Para athletes with visual impairments is important to coaches and staff to identify technical–tactical profiles of their athletes and opponents but also to identify whether there are similar characteristics in each visual class. Thus, this study explores the match-related performance in judo Para athletes...

Resistance training does not necessarily require repetition failure, whereas Velocity-Based training and “training not to failure” are available alternatives to know the optimal point to interrupt the sets. Nevertheless, Velocity-Based training require exclusively maximal intended velocities and training not to failure currently relies on subjectiv...

Purpose Recently, a novel index (HGSindex) was proposed to compare the handgrip strength (HGS) within and between judokas and non-judokas considering the body mass (BM). However, some studies consider body height (BH) as the most appropriate parameter. So, the aims of the present study were as follows: (1) determine which variable (BM or BH) provid...

Background Combat sports practices during childhood and adolescence are accompanied by several beneficial effects. During this phase, the maturity status and timing play an important role for the young athletes and must be considered in youth training programs, especially for those who are about to start (or have already started) formal training an...

The purpose of this study was to explore whether gender, origin of impairment and impairment type could influence the performance of junior powerlifters athletes with physical impairment. The database was composed of 83 Para powerlifters (54 males and 29 females) who participated in the 2017 and 2019 Junior World Para Powerlifting Championships. Da...

Judô adaptado: organização, indicadores de desempenho e propostas de avaliação física apresenta uma série de informações referentes à modalidade de judô para pessoas com deficiência, com foco na deficiência visual e intelectual e em alguns indicativos para a deficiência física. Ao longo dos capítulos, são abordadas temáticas abrangentes do judô ada...

New technologies have amplified the possibilities for processing and incorporating data and scientific methods in algorithms through the integration of the use of mobile technology and a wide range of wearables that allow acquisition metrics in real-time. These technologies arise as a possible alternative to supply market demand and to present prac...

The benefits of strength and conditioning (S&C) for improving judo performance and reducing injuries have been widely studied. However, the S&C practices employed and perspectives held by those delivering S&C have yet to be elucidated. Therefore, this study investigated the S&C practices and perspectives of judokas and S&C coaches working within ju...

This study aimed to analyse unilateral countermovement jumps (CMJ) performance and muscle soreness in lower limbs, as well as to compare lower limb asymmetry over 48 h after a stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) fatigue protocol. Fourteen judo athletes performed unilateral CMJ on each leg before, and after the 5th and 10th sets over 24 h and 48 h of an...

BACKGROUND: Judo practice requires high effort from athletes, mainly focused on the upper limbs, involving the shoulder complex. OBJECTIVE: To compare the shoulder internal (IR) and external (ER) rotation peak torque and conventional ratio (ER: IR) between judo athletes from different experience levels (novice vs. advanced) and to verify the distri...

Objective: We analyzed the retrospective performance of Para Powerlifters over eight years considering sex, the origin of impairment and sport classification of Para Powerlifting. Design: This retrospective study analyzed data from 6791 (4613 and 2178 for male and female, respectively) individual results from 1634 athletes' performances. We coll...

Introduction The International Judo Federation introduced a ranking system in 2009 that determines top athletes for the Olympic Games and seeds them in competitions. Previous research indicated that this ranking list and past performances predicted 19%–27% of performance in the Olympic Games and World Championships. However, due to the COVID-19 pan...

This study aimed to explore the technical variability index considering different years and technical expertise profiles in high-level MMA athletes. 44 fights from UFC and Pride's events, and also taken from public websites, were analyzed. These videos were purposely chosen considering the official MMA fighting years of the 1990s, the 2000s, 2010s,...

This study aimed to test the reliability and criterion validity of the Ergonauta encoder to assess countermovement jump (CMJ) performance, considering jump height and mean propulsive velocity metrics. Twenty-three recreationally active men participated in this study. The participants were positioned on a force plate with the Ergonauta individually...

The aim of this study was to verify the concurrent validity and the biological error-free reliability of a novel low-cost commercial encoder (Ergonauta I). Validity protocol involved comparisons with a custom system and other encoder commercially available (Vitruve). Reliability protocols involved inter devices and inter unit comparisons. No partic...

This study aimed to test the reliability and criterion validity of the Ergonauta encoder to assess countermovement jump (CMJ) performance, considering jump height and mean propulsive velocity metrics. Twenty-three recreationally active men participated in this study. The participants were positioned on a force plate with the Ergonauta individually...

Background: Maturity status is an important parameter to understand physical performance in young judo athletes, especially considering different age categories. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of each age category (U13, U15, and U18) on physical performance between and within the age groups. Methods: Sixty-five male a...

This study aimed (1) to verify the relationship between the JIF, Eigenfactor, Citescore and SJR metrics of Physical Education journals throughout Qualis 2013-2016; and (2) to analyze their associations with the field-concerned Web-Qualis grades (based on the 2013-2016 quadrennium criteria). WebQualis grades, which refers to 2015-2018 data, were acq...

Background Plyometric training can be performed through many types of exercises involving the stretch-shortening cycle in lower limbs. In the last decades, a high number of studies have investigated the effects of plyometric training on several outcomes in different populations. Objectives To systematically review, summarize the findings, and acce...

Summary Purpose The purpose of this study was to check the chance of winning an Olympic medal considering the participation or not in the World Championship and the outcome in case of participation. Methods We analyzed a total of 390 athletes (200 males and 190 females) competing in the Olympic Games. A logistic regression was used to measure the...

Our aim in this study was to compare performance adaptations based on tactile or sonorous stimuli in para-judo athletes with congenital or acquired visual impairment. Twenty judo athletes with a type of visual impairment performed both the adapted Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT) with tactile and sonorous stimuli and the standard SJFT. We used two-...

Purpose: This study aimed to verify if different SSC methods obtained using the vertical jump present the same characteristics through consistency and agreement analysis, and to compare the SSC methods between athletes of different sports. Summary of facts and results: Participated in this study 341 male athletes of three sports groups (combat spo...

Abstract Objective This study was conducted to investigate the performance difference for current World (Junior and Senior) and Paralympic (Senior) record holders according to origin of impairment (acquired or congenital), level of competition and sex, and described the performance progression of Paralympic Powerlifting records holders. Design Th...

The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the effect of specific sprint and vertical jump training interventions on transfer of speed-power parameters. The data search was carried out in three electronic databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, and SPORTDiscus), and twenty eight articles were selected (13 on vertical jump training and 15 on sprint tra...

This study aimed to analyze the distribution of judo matches in the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games, considering matches in the regular duration (≤4 min) and during the extra time (the golden score) according to sex, scores, penalties, phases of competition, weight categories, and judo techniques. The data were extracted from the Official Results Books of...

This narrative review aims to describe and provide usage directions for different types of judo-specific assessments based on the physical demands required by athletes during training and competition. Several judo-specific tests have been developed to test different physical capacities (e.g., aerobic and anaerobic capacities, strength-endurance, et...

This study aimed to identify the technical-tactical variation through the index of performance and types of techniques in high-level judo in the 2020 Olympic Games. The data were extracted from the Official Results Books considering the competition performance of 393 competitors. Nage-waza katame-waza and scoring index, and the classification of te...

Simple Summary This study investigated the effect of acute dehydration on judo-specific performance and physiological responses in highly trained judo athletes. Athletes performed judo-specific tests—such as maximal handgrip strength, dynamic and static judogi grip strength tests, and the Special Judo Fitness Test—in both dehydration and control co...

Purpose This study aimed to verify the body mass (BM) gain between individual and the judo mixed team (JMT) weigh-ins (2–7 days) and its impact on performance during the Tokyo 2020 Olympics. Methods A total of 105 athletes composed JMTs, but only 68 competed: 39 were from lighter weight categories than JMT ones (i.e., ≤ 57 kg and ≤ 70 kg for femal...

The goal of this study was to verify whether physical components (anthropometric, physiological and neuromuscular), as well as training characteristics, could predict cycling performance during maximal incremental and time-to-exhaustion tests. Twenty male cyclists volunteered to participate in this study and performed an incremental cycling ramp te...

A descoberta da leptina demonstrou o papel fundamental das funções do tecido adiposo como regulador do metabolismo energético e do consumo de alimentos. A leptina é um hormônio peptídico produzido principalmente pelos adipócitos ou células gordurosas e sua descoberta marcou uma importante transição sobre os pensamentos acerca das funções desse orgã...

Context: The participation of judo athletes with disabilities in competitions has increased over the years as well as the burden of sports-related injuries and illnesses in this population. However, there is limited knowledge about sports-related injuries in judo athletes with different disabilities. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of i...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare time-trial performances in elite para-triathlon athletes, according to visual classes, sex, and medal distribution. Design: The data were acquired from official books on Para Triathlon World Cups (2018-2020). The sample included 150 athletes with visual impairment (VI), in classes: PTVI1, PTVI2, a...

This study aimed to verify the behavior of physiological, perceptual, and performance responses during a high-intensity exercise in judo athletes and to identify if this protocol is able to discriminate athletes from different levels (national vs. state). Forty-five male judo athletes participated and were divided into two groups: state (age 24.2 ±...

This study aimed to describe the bilateral deficit (BLD) during the countermovement jump (CMJ) in judo athletes and determine the relationship between the BLD and judo-specific performance. Fourteen male judo athletes participated. The athletes performed tree specific judo tests: Maximal Sprint Speed Judo Test, Maximal Aerobic Speed Judo Test, Spec...

Purpose: To compare body size measurements and physical performance among female youth judo athletes with differing menarcheal status and to identify indicators of physical performance in post-menarcheal girls. Methods: Nineteen young female judo athletes (age 13.9 ± 2.3 years) were divided into a pre-menarche (n = 7) and a post-menarche (n = 12) g...

AimThe study investigated the acute and delayed impairments of muscle function after a sprint interval training (SIT) session performed at two exercise regimens (continuous vertical jumps and cycling).Methods Thirty healthy men were randomly divided into the cycloergometer (CE) and the vertical jumps (VJ) group. The SIT session consisted of six all...

The objective of this study was to analyze the ranking scores in Paralympic judo athletes in different visual impairment classifications (B1, B2 and B3) and describe the frequency of athletes of each classification allocated in the first five and last five positions in the ranking list. Four hundred and eighty-eight judo athletes with visual impair...

This study aimed to compare the effects of three different foci of attention (external focus, global internal and specific internal focus) on vertical jump performance. Thirty-two recreationally active males participated in this study and performed the jumps at three different foci of attention conditions. The specific internal focus was based on t...

BACKGROUND: Prolonged fatigue effects may be a concern after futsal matches mainly because of the actions performed by futsal players (e.g., sprinting, jumping) that usually involve the stretch-shortening cycle (SSC). However, there no studies analyzed the prolonged effects of futsal-specific fatigue and how futsal players can recover from performa...

Purpose: The aim of this study was to verify the effects of internal and external focus of attention, and a control condition on the performance, physiological and perceptive responses in a judo-specific all-out interval protocols. Methods: Fifteen male judo athletes participated of this study and performed two judo-specific protocols: maximal velo...

The literature suggests that the current athlete development models do not reflect the multifaceted developmental pathways in Paralympic sport. This study aimed to analyze how parasport athletes progress through developmental phases of an athletic career pathway by comparing differences in their trajectories based on the nature of the impairment (a...

This study aimed to test the reliability, sensitivity, construct and logical validity of an adapted Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT) for judo athletes with visual impairment . Twenty judo athletes with visual impairments performed both the adapted SJFT with tactile and sonorous stimuli (experimental conditions) and the typically administered SJFT (...

In Paralympic judo for athletes with vision impairment (VI judo) all eligible athletes (i.e. B1, B2 and B3 classes) compete against each other in the same competition. Evidence suggests that athletes with more impairment may be disadvantaged, but that more sensitive measures of performance are necessary to understand the impact of impairment on per...

Identifying performance variables associated with visual impairment classification in para-cycling is one of the steps to improve the evidence-based classification system, and consequently, bring equality in Paralympic sports. Thus, this retrospective study aimed to analyze a 1-km tandem track race performance among para-cyclists (male and female)...

PurposeThis study aimed to analyze the health-related body composition and muscle strength performance in male and female Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) practitioners and to verify the upper and lower limbs bilateral asymmetry in these individuals.Methods Forty-three BJJ practitioners participated of this study, 20 men and 23 women. The individuals perf...

This study aimed to describe the frequency of video review (VR) used during international judo matches. The duration and time of VR occurrence and the effect of VR on subsequent referee’s decisions and match outcomes were investigated. Video recordings from the matches in which the VR was used in the 2020 Grand Slams (n = 122) were analysed. The ma...

BACKGROUND: Repetitive stretch-shortening cycle exercises generate high rates of mechanical work and consequently induce substantial muscular fatigue related to delayed neuromuscular functions OBJECTIVE: To investigate the neuromuscular impairment after high-intensity exercise protocols involving different gravity loads in stretch-shortening cycle...

Objective. This study aimed to correlate the physiological and neuromuscular parameters with the Jiu-Jitsu Anaerobic Performance Test (JJAPT). Methods. Fourteen male Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) athletes (27.3 ± 3.7 years) participated in this study. The athletes were assessed on three occasions separated by 48-hour intervals: a) vertical jump and in...

PurposeThis study aimed to describe self-selected intensity and its relationship to performance during a high-intensity all-out judo protocol, and to verify whether athletes with different anaerobic speed reserve (ASR) perform differently during a high-intensity all-out interval uchi-komi (judo-specific skill).Methods We analyzed the performance of...

This study aimed to analyze whether judo experience, somatic maturation, growth, and physical capacities discriminate young judo athletes from different competitive levels (state and national). Sixty-six young male judo athletes (36 from state and 30 from national level) participated in this study, divided from the annual competitive season. The as...

Purpose. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between vertical jump parameters—jump height (JH), peak power output (PPO), and mean power output (MPO)—and specific physical performance in different sports using the allometric approach. In this sense, it was verified whether scaled power output for body mass may have a stronger correlation wi...

Introduction and purpose: Judo is a sport where athletes compete according to their weight categories. It is known that athletes frequently resort to rapid weight loss and suffer from dehydration. However, the effects of dehydration on athletes' performance have not been studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to demonstrate the effect of 5%...

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, magnitude, and methods of rapid weight loss (RWL) in visually impaired (VI) judo athletes, and compare these aspects between males and females. Thirty VI judo athletes (20 men and 10 women) completed a validated questionnaire to assess information about the magnitude and methods of RWL. Simple...

Objective To verify the effects of successive judo matches on interlimb asymmetry and bilateral deficit in judo athletes. Design Repeated measures; Setting University Judo center. Participants Fourteen male judo athletes. Outcome measures Four simulated matches consisting of 4-min. Before the first match and after each match athletes were submi...

Background. The contribution of physical performance to the ranking list position of athletes would provide indications about the importance of monitoring their physical conditioning through neuromuscular and judo-specific tests.Problem and aim: verify if neuromuscular and judo-specific performance may predict the ranking list position of state-lev...

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os parâmetros de idades (cronológica, início da prática esportiva, identificação do talento esportivo e transição para o alto rendimento) entre atletas paralímpicos medalhistas e não medalhistas em competições internacionais e adicionalmente verificar a associação entre origem da deficiência e sexo no alc...

Purpose This study aimed to verify the relationship between bilateral lower limb asymmetry and performance in the Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT). Methods Twelve male judo athletes (23.0 ± 3.9 years) participated in this study. Athletes irst performed ultrasonography assessments and unilateral countermovement jumps (CMJ), and 48 h after they perfo...

Background: Physiological capacities are continuously developed throughout childhood and adolescence enhancing physical performance, but the years of formal training also contribute to performance improvements seen in young athletes. Thus, identifying the variables that may predict performance in young athletes is important for monitoring and plann...