Rachel Topno

Institut de Génétique Humaine

Promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II is a key process regulating gene expression. In latent HIV-1 cells, it prevents viral transcription and is essential for latency maintenance, while in acutely infected cells the viral factor Tat releases paused polymerase to induce viral expression. Pausing is fundamental for HIV-1, but how it contribu...

Monitoring transcription in living cells gives access to the dynamics of this complex fundamental process. It reveals that transcription is discontinuous, whereby active periods (bursts) are separated by one or several types of inactive periods of distinct lifetimes. However, decoding temporal fluctuations arising from live imaging and inferring th...

Background: The breast cancer subtype deficient in estrogen receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (ER-/HER2-) displays enhanced aggressiveness, metastasis and disease relapse due to chemoresistance. ER-/HER2- patients lack molecularly targeted treatment hence, new therapeutic and prognostic biomarkers are required for better patien...

Background High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) accounts for nearly 60% of total cases of epithelial ovarian cancer. It is the most aggressive subtype, which shows poor prognosis and low patient survival. For better management of HGSOC patients, new prognostic biomarkers are required to facilitate improved treatment strategies and ensure suitab...

Around 12% of multiple myeloma (MM) cases harbour mutations in DIS3 , which encodes an RNA decay enzyme that controls the turnover of some long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Although lncRNAs, by definition, do not encode proteins, some can be a source of (poly)peptides with biological importance, such as antigens. The extent and activities of these “co...

Some of the long noncoding (lnc)RNAs harbor potential to produce functional micro peptides. Despite their increasing significance, the regulatory dynamics of cytoplasmic lncRNA expression, decay, and translation remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate the role of ribonucleases in controlling cytoplasmic levels of lncRNAs. We observed large a...

Some long noncoding (lnc)RNAs harbor the potential to produce functional micropeptides. Despite the increasing recognition of their significance, the regulatory dynamics of cytoplasmic lncRNA expression, decay, and translation remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate the role of ribonucleases in controlling cytoplasmic levels of lncRNAs. By t...

Tuberculosis disease burden in the world population is increasing. Multi-drug resistant and Extremely-drug resistant stains are also on the rise across the globe. Simultaneously, global temperature is rising and in 2018 surface temperature has increased by 0.83℃. We believe that a rise in ambient temperature is contributing to increased bacterial p...