Rachel Schiffman

• University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee

The extent of the application of the Individual and Family Self-Management Theory (IFSMT) in research has yet to be determined. The purpose of this analysis was to review the use of the IFSMT in published research and evaluate posited constructs and relationships. Dimensions and categories of the IFSMT and the interrelationships were generally supp...

In recent decades, the use of common data elements has expanded across the health disciplines. This has included growth within programs of research focused on self-management and family nursing. Family nursing and self-management science may be expanded with the increased use of common concepts, measures, and theoretical frameworks. This article de...

Purpose: This article outlines how current nursing research can utilize technology to advance symptom and self-management science for precision health and provides a roadmap for the development and use of technologies designed for this purpose. Approach: At the 2018 annual conference of the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) Research...

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to validate the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (RHDS) for use with parents of hospitalized children. PedRHDS is a structured tool for a discharge readiness assessment before pediatric discharge. Methods: Using combined data from four studies with 417 parents, psychometric testing and item reduct...

Individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) struggle with effective self-management, contributing to poor health outcomes and costly health care. More research is needed to understand the factors influencing COPD self-management better in order to improve outcomes and reduce health care costs for those living with this prevalent c...

Background Logic models are tools to evaluate the effectiveness of programs. In 2013, the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) Logic Model for Center Sustainability was developed. Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe the process of revision and implementation of the NINR Logic Model across a continuum of NINR Exploratory Cente...

Background: Compassion fatigue, secondary traumatic stress, and burnout are negative consequences of providing nursing care among nurses. Purpose: This cross-sectional study examined a model of negative consequences of providing nursing care (i.e., compassion fatigue, secondary traumatic stress, and burnout) in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Met...

Purpose: Psychometric data are reported for a new Global Family Quality of Life Scale (G-FQOLS) (3-items) evaluating family members, parents and adolescent/young adults (AYA). Methods: Families (N= 209) were interviewed in a study addressing secondary conditions and adaptation in families of AYA with and without spina bifida (SB). Principal comp...

Background: Parents of hospitalized children, especially parents of children with complex and chronic health conditions, report not being adequately prepared for self-management of their child's care at home after discharge. Problem: No theory-based discharge intervention exists to guide pediatric nurses' preparation of parents for discharge. P...

Purpose: Common data elements (CDEs) are increasingly being used by researchers to promote data sharing across studies. The purposes of this article are to (a) describe the theoretical, conceptual, and definition issues in the development of a set of CDEs for research addressing self-management of chronic conditions; (b) propose an initial set of...

Use of common data elements (CDEs), conceptually defined as variables that are operationalized and measured in identical ways across studies, enables comparison of data across studies in ways that would otherwise be impossible. Although healthcare researchers are increasingly using CDEs, there has been little systematic use of CDEs for symptom scie...

Infant Mental Health based interventions aim to promote the healthy development of infants and toddlers through promoting healthy family functioning to foster supportive relationships between the young child and his or her important caregivers. This study examined impacts of an Infant Mental Health home-based Early Head Start (IMH-HB EHS) program o...

The NINR Centers of Excellence program is a catalyst enabling institutions to develop infrastructure and administrative support for creating cross-disciplinary teams that bring multiple strategies and expertise to bear on common areas of science. Centers are increasingly collaborative with campus partners and reflect an integrated team approach to...

The current study, utilizing data from the National Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project (Love et al., 2005) explored the relationship between biological father presence and emotion regulation over toddlerhood among children from low-income families. Conceptualizing biological father presence as a proxy for family role development, resu...

This study examined the importance of self-perceptions as determinants of psychosocial adjustment reported by adolescents with heart disease and compared adolescents with heart disease to healthy norms. Ninety-two adolescents with heart disease from a single Midwestern institution provided reports of self-perceptions (health, self-worth, competence...

Fathers play an important role in child development, particularly with respect to children's academic skills. Yet relatively little is known about the nature of fathers' teaching interactions with their young children that would produce such effects. The purpose of the current study was to understand the contribution that fathers' teaching interact...

Little is known about the role of nurse researchers (NRs) and the structure of nursing research programs in children's hospitals in the United States. This descriptive study obtained survey data from 33 NRs. Data suggest that the NR role is emerging and has both commonalities and unique components when compared with the previous studies of NRs in a...

Variation in perceptions of resources and in coping strategies among low-income parents likely influences parenting. The purposes of this study were to identify differences in parental profiles, as indicated by receipt of public assistance, perceptions of adequacy of resources, and coping strategies, and to examine these profiles relative to parent...

Early social-emotional development occurs in the context of parenting, particularly via processes such as maternal emotion socialization and parent–child interactions. Results from structural equation modeling indicated that maternal contingent responsiveness partially mediated the relationship between maternal emotion socialization of toddlers (N...

As part of a curriculum-development project, focus groups were implemented with Early Head Start staff and with parents of infants and toddlers enrolled in Early Head Start. Focus groups were designed to identify staff and parent beliefs about early emotional development. Three major themes were identified that crossed the staff and parent focus gr...

Develop, implement, and evaluate an intervention (a guided experiential assignment) to improve nutrition students' attitudes toward working with older adults. A quasi-experimental design with an additional qualitative component (mixed methods). A North Central land-grant university. 100 college students from an upper-level community nutrition cours...

This review provides an overview of an important aspect of early childhood home visiting research: understanding how parents are involved in program services and activities. Involvement is defined as the process of the parent connecting with and using the services of a program to the best of the client’s and the program’s ability. The term includes...

To explore: (1) dietetic and nutritional science students' attitudes toward working with older adults and the factors affecting those attitudes; (2) the differences in attitudes between students who preferred to work with older adults and those who did not; (3) factors affecting self-efficacy to work with them; and (4) factors influencing current p...

The purpose of this study was to explore how the relationship between care recipients' problem behaviors and caregivers' depressive symptoms varies as a function of caregiver mastery, controlling for the effects of caregiver age, gender, and relationship to the care recipient in caregivers of people with primary malignant brain tumor (PMBT). A cros...

Beverage intake and diet quality of toddlers from families with limited incomes were described and compared to their mother's beverage intake. At both 2 and 3 years of age, the children's average milk intake was adequate, the juice intake was twice that recommended, and the intake of sweetened beverages was high. Mothers who consumed more than 12 f...

Objective. We examined the relation between neighborhood violence and father antisocial behavior with a national sample of fathers from low-income families with 3-year-old children Design. Children were classified into 4 groups based on their exposure to father antisocial behavior and neighborhood violence. Results. Children who experience high lev...

Objective. To gain a better understanding of how low-income fathers of young children think about their role as fathers, we conducted a qualitative inquiry into the beliefs of fathers of 24-month-old children about what "good fatherhood" means to them. Design. The 575 open-ended interviews, collected in 14 Early Head Start Fathers of Toddlers Quali...

The purpose of this cross-sectional, descriptive study was to identify predictors of distress for family caregivers of persons with a primary malignant brain tumor (PMBT). The effect of the care recipient's functional, cognitive, and neuropsychiatric status on caregiver burden and depressive symptoms was examined through telephone interviews with 9...

To investigate the relationship of mothers' dietary quality to that of their infants and toddlers in limited-income families at risk for poor health. Secondary data analysis was conducted of dietary quality from 24-hour dietary recalls collected from 113 mother-infant/toddler pairs in limited-income families with a child at age 6 months and again a...

Researchers have documented negative physical and emotional consequences for both family caregivers of persons with cancer as well as caregivers of persons with a neurologic disorder. However, there is a unique subset of caregivers who must provide care for someone who may suffer from both a short, terminal trajectory of disease, as well as neurolo...

This article provides an overview of adolescent drug and substance use, and includes prevalence and trends, commonly occurring comorbid conditions, clinical manifestations of drug and substance use, and evidence-based prevention and treatment principles. Risk and protective factors in five domains are also discussed in this article to provide guida...

To describe interaction patterns of low-income mothers and infants and to compare the study sample to a larger, diverse sample from a national database. Data from 156 mothers with infants under 12 months of age were identified from the first wave of a longitudinal evaluation of an early childhood intervention program. Trained data collectors using...

Current numbers of breast-feeding mothers are well below Healthy People 2010 goals of 75% in the early postpartum period, 50% at 6 months, and 25% at 1 year. A promising line of research is the use of an ecological model for breastfeeding that includes factors traditionally examined in breastfeeding (mother/infant and family) as well as mesosystem...

Community-university partnerships are "colearning" models in which universities engage in outreach scholarship for and with communities. This paper describes the evolution of one successful partnership set in the context of the principles of partnership development. Strategies for sustaining partnerships over time are presented as well as the benef...

Stress, whether in the form of daily hassles, chronic life stressors, or stressful life events, has consistently been shown to impact the quality of the parent–child relationship. Coping has been defined as any strategy meant to manage stressful situations or events. To the extent that daily hassles and life events evoke strategies for coping with...

: Continuous quality improvement efforts are vital to high-quality services to infants, toddlers, and their families. This article describes an ongoing quality improvement project within an infant mental health-based Early Head Start program. Both strategies and challenges in implementation issues and lessons learned in the initial 2-year phase of...

Addressing consumer needs requires the development of a valid means of specifically measuring pregnant women's satisfaction with prenatal care. This study's purpose was to develop items for, to pilot-test, and to examine the structural validity of the Patient Expectations and Satisfaction with Prenatal Care (PESPC) instrument. Extant literature and...

Twenty-nine low-income parents and their infants participated in an explanatory study about parent-infant interaction - describing the level of interaction and the similarities and differences in mother-infant and father infant pairs. The Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale, a 73-item standardized observation instrument, was used to measure int...

Résumé Vingt-neuf parents à faible revenu et leurs nourrissons ont participé à une recherche exploratoire portant sur les interactions parent-nourrisson et décrivant le niveau d'interactions, les similarités et les différences au sein des dyades mère-nourrisson et père-nourrisson. L'échelle de mesure Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale, un inst...

This study was designed to describe adequacy and satisfaction with prenatal care in a group of rural low-income women (n = 60) and to determine whether either was correlated with birth outcomes. Despite less than adequate prenatal care in 50% of the women, they were satisfied with their care, and outcomes for infants were good. When compared with w...

This study sought to explore low-income father–infant interactions in teaching situations. Forty-four biological fathers and infants, recruited from an ongoing study of early intervention, were observed using the NCAST Teaching Scale during a teaching task in the home. Results indicated that fathers who lived with their infants were more sensitive...

Barriers to prenatal care have been linked to inappropriate service usage and poor health outcomes of mothers and infants. This study describes barriers to prenatal care, as identified by low-income recipients and providers of prenatal care in a small rural county in the Midwest. A prospective survey design and focus group were used. An unexpected...

To describe pregnant women's perceptions in two specific areas: expectations about prenatal care and satisfaction with prenatal care. A focus group technique using a semi-structured interview format. Three focus groups (N = 22) were conducted in the third trimester of pregnancy. Data were transcribed from the taped sessions and studied using conten...

The relationship between selected demographic and academic predictors of performance of baccalaureate nursing graduates on the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN) is the focus of this study. Also, an optimal time for identification of an at-risk group is presented. The current nursing shortage, which is exacerbat...

This study investigated the differences between temperature taking in neonates by the axillary method and by the rectal method. A sample of 46 normal full-term neonates had axillary and rectal temperatures monitored for ten minutes by each method with mercury in glass thermometers. There were significant differences found between axillary and recta...