R. Shreedhar

• M.Tech. Ph.D.
• Professor at S.G.BALEKUNDRI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Human activities have modified the environment for thousands of years. Land use and agriculture play a vital role in sustaining the health, nourishment and economy of the world’s population. At the same time, some land use practices can degrade the quality of our soils, waterways, air and other natural resources. Ghataprabha river is one of the maj...

Water is the most essential thing in this world for the survival of living species. The treatment of water is necessary before it is sending to consumer point. The treated water from the treatment plant travels through a water distribution network. Due to some chemical and biological factors of source water, lack of effectiveness and efficiency in...

Streams which are in many areas serving the basic needs of water, plays a significant role in shaping the environmental and ecological balance of the region through which it flows. Despite of all these versatile contributory roles, knowingly or unknowingly are being used as a dumping site for disposal of municipal and industrial waste waters with i...

A study was made for evaluating the water quality of river Ghataprabha by measuring various physicochemical and biological water quality parameters. During last decade lot of anthropogenic activities such as unplanned agricultural activities are ongoing in many parts of the catchment. Further, new settlements are also coming up at various places. T...

Gravity dams presentation

The water used for agriculture is 70% globally. This has resulted in new methods of saving water. Hence water saving techniques has to be practiced. In water resources planning and management, optimization techniques is used for limited use of resources such as such as water, land, production cost, manpower, fertilizers, seeds, and pesticides. For...

Skew bridges are built where geometry cannot accommodate straight bridge. The most common and basic type of bridge, that is widely used for roadways is Girder Bridge. The two most common types of girders that are used in practice are beam and Box Girders. Though box girder design is more complicated, it has wide acceptance due to their structural e...

The focus of the present study is on the structural behavior of integral bridges including the effect of soil-structure interaction specifically under thermal loading. Towards this objective, a numerical example is considered in which, the thermal loading parameter and soil parameter are varied. The multi-linear spring stiffness of soil at abutment...

This study proposes application of Linear Programming Optimization technique for the optimization of reservoir release followed by optimal allocation of land and water resource for the maximization of net annual farm income from the study area. The study is conducted in Ghataprabha Command area, a significant portion of Krishna river basin situated...

T-beam Bridge is a common choice among the designers for small and medium span bridges. In order to cater to greater speed and more safety to present day traffic, the modern highways are to be straight as far as possible. But the presence of skew in a bridge some time cannot be avoided due to constraints in fixing straight alignment. For the T- bea...

This paper presents an Experimental investigation on the entire population in the command area of Markandeya reservoir project are depending on food crops like jawar, bajra, wheat, groundnut etc. which are grown in this area. But due to inadequate and untimely rainfall, the inhabitants often suffer from scarcity conditions. The land in this area is...

A study is carried out to determine the crop water requirement of some selected crops for the Ghataprabha command area situated in the state of Karnataka, India. Crop water requirement for each of the crops is determined by using 30-year climatic data in CROPWAT. Reference crop EvapoTranspiration (ET) is determined using the FAO Penman Monteith ome...

Integral bridges have been constructed all over the world including India. These bridges are becoming very popular due to its low initial cost, elimination of bearings and less maintenance. To get a better understanding of the behaviour of integral bridges in different situation, a comparative study is carried out on a typical integral bridge and a...

A bridge is a structure built to span of a physical obstacles such as a water body, valley or road to have accessibility for people and vehicle. The design and construction of road bridges require an extensive and thorough knowledge of the science and technology involved with adequate experience of bridge engineering. In India, till now Pre-stresse...

A study is carried out to determine the crop water requirement of some selected crops for the command area in Markandeya command area. These crops include jowar, Groundnut, Hybrid Maize, Pulses, Mexican Wheat, Bengal Gram, Green Gram and Sunflower. Crop water requirement for each of the crops is determined by using 30-year climatic data. Reference...

Gravity dams are solid concrete structures that maintain their stability against design loads from the geometric shape, mass and strength of the concrete. The design and evaluation of concrete gravity dam for earthquake loading must be based on appropriate criteria that reflect both the desired level of safety and the choice of the design and evalu...

Integral Abutment Bridges (IABs) are joint less bridges where the deck is continuous and monolithic with abutment walls. Their principal advantage is derived from the absence of expansion joints and sliding bearings in the deck. Eliminating joints from bridges creates concerns for the piles and the abutments of integral bridges because the abutment...

Gravity dams are solid concrete structures that maintain their stability against design loads from the geometric shape, mass and strength of the concrete. The design and evaluation of concrete gravity dam for earthquake loading must be based on appropriate criteria that reflect both the desired level of safety and the choice of the design and evalu...

Managing water for agriculture includes a spectrum of options, from producing under fully irrigated to rainfed conditions, to supporting livestock, forestry, fisheries, and to interacting with ecosystems. However, allocation of water for agriculture through irrigation is decreasing steadily. Growing population, food security, municipal and industri...

T-beam Bridge is composite concrete structure which is composed of slab panel, longitudinal girder and cross girder. Present study is mainly focusses on design of longitudinal girder by IRC: 112-2011 and IRC: 21-2000. In India, till now girders are designed and constructed according to Indian road congress guidelines as per IRC: 21-2000 code in whi...

The increase in water demand has resulted in new methods of saving water worldwide with about 70% of water being used in agriculture globally, water saving techniques has to be practiced. Irrigation technologies and irrigation scheduling may be adopted for more effective and rational uses of limited supplies of water. Deficit irrigation is one of t...

Agriculture is one of major activity in INDIA. Overall development depends on food production in service of existing or growing population with maximum benefits and optimal utilization of water and land resources. Management of this water and land resources is also one of the main financial development. Hence there is necessity of implementation of...

Reinforced concrete slab type decks are often referred to as culverts and are commonly used for small spans. Slab culverts are important hydraulic structures used in the construction of highway roads. In India, till now culverts are designed and constructed according to Indian road congress guidelines as per IRC: 21-2000 code in which working stres...

A study is carried out to determine the crop water requirement of some selected crops for the command area in Kunigal taluk. These crops include rice, pulses, groundnut, sugarcane and millet (ragi). Crop water requirement for each of the crops is determined by using 30-year climatic data in CROPWAT. Reference crop evapotranspiration (ETo) is determ...

Several studies have been carried out for the city to improve the traffic & transportation system of Belgaum. In wake of the same, some short-term measures road widening, flyovers, junction improvements can be taken up. However, the traffic and transportation scenario continues to worsen. The BUDA and KUIDFC have recently got prepared a comprehensi...

In the past, some flyovers were constructed in different urban locations in India. In Chennai, the Gemini flyover was built in the early seventies. In Delhi, flyover construction was triggered by the Asian Games. Of late a number of flyovers have been constructed all over India. Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata, Hyderabad and Bangalore account for m...

Understanding the basic science behind any technology helps future generations to be more pro-active in their inventions, innovations and technology improvements. Similarly, such an understanding would help the decision makers to make informed decisions based on facts. This paper is designed for the decision makers (non-energy specialists) and the...

Integral Bridges are joint less bridges whereby the deck is continuous and monolithic with abutment walls. The biggest uncertainty in the design of these bridges is the reaction of soil behind abutment & next to the foundation piles, especially during thermal expansion. In this study, the effect of soil bridge interaction on the magnitude of the in...

The focus of the study is on the structural behavior of integral bridges including the effect of soil-structure interaction specifically, under thermal loading. Towards this objective, a numerical example is considered in which, the thermal loading parameter and the soil parameter are varied. The multi linear spring stiffness of soil at abutment-ba...

Gravity dams are solid concrete structures that maintain their stability against design loads from the geometric shape, mass and strength of the concrete. The purposes of dam construction may include navigation, flood damage reduction, hydroelectric power generation, fish and wildlife enhancement, water quality, water supply, and recreation. The de...

Rainfall patterns usually have spatial and temporal variability. This variability affects the agricultural production, water supply, transportation, the entire economy of a region, and the existence of its people. Agriculture would be seriously affected by increased variability and trends in the seasonal characteristics of rainfall in an environmen...

The bridges without expansion joints are Integral Abutment bridges (IAB's). In conventional bridges, the bearings are generally corroded due to water seepage through joints which are avoided in IAB's. However there will be stresses developed due to thermal induced movements of the bridge which is to be taken into account. In this paper, finite elem...

Multiple cell reinforced box culverts are ideal bridge structure if the discharge in a drain crossing the road is large and if the bearing capacity of the soil is low as the single box culvert becomes uneconomical because of the higher thickness of the slab and walls. In such cases, more than one box can be constructed side-by-side monolithically....

Culverts are required to be provided under earth embankment for crossing of water course like streams, Nallas etc across the embankment, as road embankment cannot be allowed to obstruct the natural water way. The culverts are also required to balance the flood water on both sides of earth embankment to reduce flood level on one side of road thereby...

Multiple cell reinforced box culverts are ideal bridge structure if the discharge in a drain crossing the road is large and if the bearing capacity of the soil is low as the single box culvert cases, The and the slope deflection method etc. It becomes very tedious for the designer to arrive at design forces moments, L/H

The simplest form of bridge is the single-span beam or slab which is simply supported at its ends. Many methods are used in analyzing bridges such as grillage and finite element methods. Since its publication in 1976 up to the present day, Edmund Hambly's book "Bridge Deck Behaviors" has remained a valuable reference for bridge engineers. During th...

Integral Abutment bridges (IAB's) can be defined as bridges without joints. The main purpose of constructing IAB's is to pre-vent the corrosion of the structure due to water seepage through joints. The biggest uncertainty in the design of these bridges is the re-action of the soil behind the abutments and next to the foundation piles, especially du...

T-beam bridge decks are one of the principal types of cast-in place concrete decks. T-beam bridge decks consist of a concrete slab integral with girders. The finite element method is a general method of structural analysis in which the solution of a problem in continuum mechanics is approximated by the analysis of an assemblage of finite elements w...

Integral abutment bridges (IABs) are jointless bridges where the deck is continuous and connected monolithically with the abutment walls. The biggest uncertainty in the design of these bridges is the reaction of the soil behind the abutments and next to the foundation piles, especially during thermal expansion. This lateral soil reaction is nonline...

Integral abutment bridges (IABs) are jointless bridges where the deck is continuous and connected monolithically with the abutment walls. The biggest uncertainty in the design of these bridges is the reaction of the soil behind the abutments and next to the foundation piles, especially during thermal expansion. This lateral soil reaction is nonline...

The villages Hirebagewadi, Bendigeri and Kukkadolli in Belgaum district in Nortern Karnataka suffer from acute scarcity of drinking water due to failure of existing systems. the present project is to provide potable sustained water supply to the three neighbouring villages located to the south of Belgaum city. The present report explores the possib...

A small contractor's firm after securing a number of larger contracts in the last few years is always poised for further growth. The owners of the company realize that intuitive decisions made so far in the past were no longer suitable for problems with larger dimensions. they have heard about techniques like operation research and computer-aided m...

India's economy is primarily agriculture based and about 80% of its population is mainly dependent on agriculture and allied activities. For agriculture, the main input is water but the country has limited water resources. In India, rainfall is either untimely or insufficient or excess during the growth of crop. In order to get the maximum yield, i...

A Box type structure with single cell or multiple cells can be effectively employed as underpasses, grade seperator, and minor bridges or as flyover also. It is a simple monolithic integral bridge structure. the only important feature of using a box type structure is the increased stiffness and ductility of structure due to rigidity of joints. In t...

In the present work, all possible loads are considered as the box culvert is analysed by moment distribution method. Components of box culvert such as top slab, base slab and stem are designed by working stress method of design. The present work emphasize upon the need to apply CAD technique in designing and drafting box culverts to obtain quick, a...