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Publications (39)
Coastal flooding is projected to become more severe over the 21 st century, necessitating effective adaptation, which in turn requires detailed local scale information that can only be provided by detailed numerical modelling. The current lack of information on flood protection measures and the high resource requirements of traditional hydrodynamic...
The Delft3D hydrodynamic and wave model is used to hindcast the storm surge and waves that impacted La Rochelle, France, and the surrounding area (Aytré, Châtelaillon-Plage, Yves, Fouras, and Île de Ré) during storm Xynthia. These models are validated against tide and wave measurements. The models then estimate the footprint of flow depth, speed, u...
The Delft3D hydrodynamic and wave model is used to hindcast the storm surge and waves that impacted La Rochelle, France and the surrounding area (Aytré, Châtelaillon-Plage, Yves, Fouras and Ille du Re) during Storm Xynthia. These models are validated against tide and wave measurements. The models then estimate the footprint of flow depth, speed, un...
The complex vertical distribution of aerosols over coastal southern West Africa (SWA) is investigated using airborne observations and numerical simulations. Observations were gathered on 2 July 2016 offshore of Ghana and Togo, during the field phase of the Dynamics-Aerosol-Chemistry-Cloud Interactions in West Africa project. This was the only fligh...
The complex vertical distribution of aerosols over coastal southern West Africa (SWA) is investigated using airborne observations and numerical simulations. Observations were gathered on 2 July 2016 offshore of Ghana and Togo, during the field phase of the Dynamics-Aerosol-Chemistry-Cloud Interactions in West Africa project. The aerosol loading in...
In the framework of the Dynamics–Aerosol–Chemistry–Cloud Interactions in West Africa (DACCIWA) project, the tropospheric chemical composition in large cities along the Gulf of Guinea is studied using the Weather and Research Forecast and CHIMERE regional models. Simulations are performed for the May–July 2014 period, without and with biomass burnin...
Unprecedented ground-based and aircraft measurements in June-July 2016 in southern West Africa characterize atmospheric composition and dynamics, low-level cloud properties, the diurnal cycle, and air pollution impacts on health.
The EU-funded project DACCIWA (Dynamics-Aerosol-Chemistry-Cloud Interactions in West Africa) investigates the relations...
Unprecedented ground-based and aircraft measurements in southern West Africa characterize atmospheric composition and dynamics, low-level cloud properties, the diurnal cycle, and air pollution impacts on health.
Freely available through https://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0256.1
In the framework of the Dynamics-Aerosol-Chemistry-Cloud Interactions in West Africa (DACCIWA) project, the tropospheric chemical composition in the megacities along the Guinean Gulf is studied using the Weather and Research Forecast and CHIMERE regional models. Simulations are performed for the May–July 2014 period, without and with biomass burnin...
In June and July 2016 the Dynamics–Aerosol–Chemistry–Cloud Interactions in West Africa (DACCIWA) project organised a major international field campaign in southern West Africa (SWA) including measurements from three inland ground supersites, urban sites in Cotonou and Abidjan, radiosondes, and three research aircraft. A significant range of differe...
In June and July 2016 the Dynamics-Aerosol-Chemistry-Cloud Interactions in West Africa (DACCIWA) project organised a major international field campaign in southern West Africa (SWA) including measurements from three inland ground supersites, urban sites in Cotonou and Abidjan, radiosondes and three research aircraft. A significant range of 20 diffe...
The air–sea interaction in the Gulf of Guinea and its role in setting precipitation at the Guinean coast is investigated in the present paper. This study is based on satellite observations and WRF simulations forced by different sea surface temperature (SST) patterns. It shows that the seasonal cold tongue setup in the Gulf of Guinea, along with it...
A strong ocean–atmosphere coupling exists in the eastern equatorial region of the Tropical Atlantic at intraseasonal timescales, with a significant contribution in the functioning and partitioning of the water cycle in spring over the ocean, as well as later in the season over West Africa. Uncertainties in simulating the air-sea interaction in the...
The surface-wind response to sea-surface temperature (SST) and SST meridional gradient is investigated in the Gulf of Guinea by using daily observations and re-analyses in the 2000–2009 decade, with a focus on boreal spring and summer months (May to August), where quasi-biweekly fluctuations in the position of the northern front of the equatorial c...
The northeastern Tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) becomes very warm in boreal summer, north of the seasonal equatorial cold tongue, with a maximum in the vicinity of the InterTropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). The ITCZ has a significant contribution in the functioning and partitioning of the water cycle over the ocean, but also over W...
A strong ocean-atmosphere coupling exists in the equatorial region
(northern front) of the Tropical Atlantic cold tongue where cold
intraseasonal (respectively warm) sea surface temperature (SST)
anomalies strengthen (weaken) southerlies between the Equator and the
Guinean coast. Such interactions have a significant contribution in the
functioning...
A quasi-biweekly oscillation in the northern front of the eastern equatorial Atlantic's cold tongue is investigated by using observations and reanalyses in the 2000-2009 decade, with a focus on boreal spring and summer months (May to August). Fluctuations of the front latitude induce quasi-biweekly equatorial sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies...
L'amélioration de la compréhension du cycle de l'eau dans le système de la mousson ouest-africaine et de sa représentation dans les modèles est l'un des objectifs importants du programmeAMMA. Le cycle de l'eau est le résultat d'interactions complexes entre l'atmosphère et le continent, dont les modalités sont très contrastées selon les échelles spa...
Using 2000-2009 satellite data (Reynolds for SST and QuikSCAT for
surface winds), a strong ocean-atmosphere coupling was put in evidence
in the equatorial region (northern front) of the Tropical Atlantic cold
tongue, implying surface winds and sea surface temperature (SST): a cold
(respectively warm) SST anomaly strengthens (weakens) southerlies
be...
Estimating evapotranspiration (ET) at continental to global scales is central to understanding the partitioning of energy and water at the earth's surface and the feedbacks with the atmosphere and biosphere, especially in the context of climate change. Recent evaluations of global estimates from remote sensing, upscaled observations, land surface m...
The vertically integrated water budget of West Africa is investigated with a hybrid dataset based on observational and modelling products elaborated by the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses (AMMA) and with several numerical weather prediction (NWP) products including the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) AMMA reana...
Water budgets from ECMWF reanalysis ERA-Interim and NCEP reanalysis I and II are inter-compared and compared to GPS precipitable water and to a 6-yr so-called "hybrid" budget dataset composed of ALMIP (AMMA Land surface Model Intercomparison Project) offline simulations forced with TRMM precipitation data. Deficiencies are evidenced in the reanalys...
A permanent network of six ground-based GPS receivers was established in five West African countries during the course of the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA) project. Three stations have been in operation since June 2005, and three others since May 2006, and all provide continuous observations at a 30-sec sampling rate. The data a...
Water budgets from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analysis (ERA)-Interim and National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Reanalysis I and II are intercompared and compared to GPS precipitable water and to the 6 year hybrid budget data set described in part 1 of this study. Deficiencies are evidenced in the re...
This study investigates the West African Monsoon water cycle with the help of a new hybrid water budget data set developed within the framework of the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses. Surface water and energy fluxes are estimated from an ensemble of land surface model simulations forced with elaborate precipitation and radiation products...
During the 2006 African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA) field experiment, an unprecedented number of soundings were performed in West Africa. However, due to technical problems many of these soundings did not reach the Global Telecommunication System and therefore they could not be included in the operational numerical weather prediction...
Droughts and floods are recurrent features of the Sahelian climate,
which is also characterized by a very large variability of rainfall, in
both space and time. The present study focuses on the Malian Gourma
(2°W-1°E, 14.5°N-17.5°N), located in the Central Sahel,
where the very large majority of rainfall events occur between June and
September, dur...
The West African Monsoon (WAM) regional climatic system is characterized by a strong seasonal cycle in humidity and precipitation and land-surface atmosphere interactions.The water cycle is a primordial element of the WAM, the study of which is a ma jor ob jective of the AMMA campaign (African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis). Within this contex...
La mousson d'Afrique de l'Ouest (MAO) représente un système climatique régional dont le cycle saisonnier est très marqué, notamment par l'humidité et les pluies de mousson et par la réponse de la végétation et des surfaces continentales. Le cycle de l'eau est un élément primordial de la MAO et son étude est un objectif majeur de la campagne AMMA (A...
This study investigates the atmospheric water cycle over West Africa at seasonal and intra-seasonal timescales during AMMA Extended Observing Period (2005 to 2007). It aims at characterizing the scales of variability and inter-relations of atmospheric water budget terms and the underlying processes. The regional-scale moisture budget is examined us...
The ground-based Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers deployed in the framework of AMMA provide an unprecedented insight into diurnal variations of precipitable water vapour over West Africa. They display a strong seasonal dynamics and distinct features along latitude. Overall, GPS data point to the significance of an afternoon maximum of PWV...
A ground-based GPS network has been established over West Africa in the framework of African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA) in tight cooperation between French and African institutes. The experimental setup is described and preliminary highlights are given for different applications using these data. Precipitable water vapor (PWV) estima...
