R K Singh

Bipin Chandra Tripathi Kumaon Engineering College | BTKIT · Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

A waste disposal site has a number of hazards associated with it e.g. contamination of groundwater, surface water and air. These hazards can be represented by individual hazard ratings. To have ease in decision-making, a composite hazard rating is required. The study selects thirteen aggregation functions from the literature and assesses them for a...

Indian mustard is one of the most important oilseed crop in India as it contributes maximally in domestic edible oil production. Inclusion of Indian mustard in cereal based cropping system is increasingly felt due to its beneficial effect in the system and comparatively lesser requirement of resources, hence lesser environmental footprints. To asse...

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is considered as one of the biggest threats to modern civilization. The review is published with a view to provide awareness about this growing menace, which if not monitored and controlled could lead to major public health consequences with greater economic impact. Very little data and information is available regard...

The present investigation was carried out at the research farm of the Indian Agriculture Research Institute, New Delhi, during winter (rabi) season of 2020–21 where 4 nitrogen (N)-management practices were evaluated under 4 establishment methods in 3 times replicated split-plot design. The results exhibited that, the zero tillage+residue (ZT + R) a...

The ecosystems are the basis for maintaining overall balance and sustainability in food production system or more specifically in agricultural production system through its diverse services rendered to human kinds. The raising of the crops is also the predominant land use system across the world and the faulty practices are leading to degradation o...

A field experiment was conducted during rabi 2020–21 to study the effect of different production systems on the yield and economics of mustard varieties. The seed yield of the mustard crop was significantly high under ICM (2259.0 kg/ha), while maximum stover (7950 kg/ ha) and biological yield (9936 kg/ha) was recorded under CA. Among the mustar...

Pigs are an important livestock species raised for meat, and their products play a significant role in the livelihood of people in the country’s north-eastern states. Detection of diseased porcine in the field is critical for disease treatment and control. Pigs, such as other livestock, were subjected to a slew of contagious existing, emerging, and...

In the present study, healthy goats and sheep (n = 5) that were confirmed negative for peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) antibodies by monoclonal antibody-based competitive ELISA and by serum neutralization test and for PPRV antigen by s-ELISA were vaccinated with Sungri/96. A quantitative study was carried out to compare the proteome of peri...

Copy number variations (CNVs) are major forms of genetic variation with increasing importance in animal genomics. This study used the Illumina BovineSNP 50 K BeadChip to detect the genome-wide CNVs in the Tharparkar cattle. With the aid of PennCNV software, we noticed a total of 447 copy number variation regions (CNVRs) across the autosomal genome,...

Canine adenoviruses (CAVs) are of two types: canine adenovirus type 1 (CAV-1), which causes infectious canine hepatitis, and canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2), which is mainly associated with the respiratory type of disease in dogs. Due to the widespread use of modified live vaccines to control canine adenoviral infections and subsequently reduced d...

Cellular receptors play an important role in entry and cell to cell spread of morbillivirus infections. The cells expressing SLAM and Nectin-4 have been used for successful and efficient isolation of canine distemper virus (CDV) in high titre. There are several methods for generation of cells expressing receptor molecules. Here, we have used a comp...

The experiment was conducted during 2018–19 and 2019–20 at ICAR-IARI research farm, to see the effect of crop establishment and nutrient management options on growth and yield of wheat under maize-wheat system. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with 03 replications, comprising conventional tillage without residue (CT-R), conventional...

Coat colour and various patterns are the hallmarked qualitative traits studied in cattle as well as other livestock; however, variation in this trait is resultant of interactions and epistasis of a set of genes rather than being a product of a single gene. In this study, GWAS has been conducted from 50K SNP genotype data, with a stratified approach...

Domestication and selection are the major driving forces responsible for the determinative genetic variability in livestock. These selection patterns create unique genetic signatures within the genome. BovineSNP50 chip data from 236 animals (seven indicine and five taurine cattle breeds) were analyzed in the present study. We implemented three comp...

Tharparkar cattle breed is widely known for its superior milch quality and hardiness attributes. This study aimed to develop an ultra-low density breed-specific single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotype panel to accurately quantify Tharparkar populations in biological samples. In this study, we selected and genotyped 72 Tharparkar animals rando...

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito-borne flaviviral zoonotic disease and is one of the major causes of encephalitis in children. Swine, being an amplifier host of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), play an important role in its epidemiology. Therefore, early detection of either JEV or antibodies against JEV in swine is a feasible alternative...

Immune response is a highly coordinated cascade involving all the subsets of PBMCs. In this study, RNA-Seq analysis of PBMC subsets - CD4+, CD8+, CD14+, CD21+ and CD335+ cells from day 0 and day 5 of Sungri/96 Peste des Petits Ruminants vaccinated sheep and goats was done to delineate the systems biology behind immune - protection of the vaccine in...

Indian agriculture is plagued by several complex challenges like declining factor productivity, poor resource use efficiency, lesser share in Indian economy (14.4%); high dependence of population on agriculture and allied sectors (52%); more thrust on annual cereal crop production etc. Nearly, 86% of the Indian farmers are small and marginal (< 1.0...

Knowledge about genetic diversity is very essential for the management and sustainable utilization of livestock genetic resources. In this study, we presented a comprehensive gen-ome-wide analysis of genetic diversity, ROH, inbreeding, linkage disequilibrium, effective population size and haplotype block structure in Tharparkar cattle of India. A t...

Increasing weather aberrations cause frequent crop failure in monoculture cropping system. Specialized crop production systems, where few seasonal crops occupy vast arable lands, resulting in more biotic and abiotic stresses in agri-ecosystem. Therefore a diversified agroforestry systemwas evaluated to ensure resilience underlimited water condition...

Porcine teschovirus (PTV) previously classified as porcine enteroviruses in the family Picornaviridae are associated with a wide range of illnesses in swine ranging from asymptomatic infection to acute fatal encephalomyelitis, diarrhea, and pneumonia. This study was planned to investigate whether porcine teschovirus is prevalent among pigs in India...

Equine influenza (EI), commonly known as ‘horse flu,’ is a major respiratory disease of equines caused by equine influenza virus (EIV) and has huge economic implications. The disease is characterised by pyrexia, anorexia, depression, dyspnoea, dry hacking cough and serous nasal discharge many a times followed by secondary bacterial pneumonia. Morbi...

Live attenuated Classical Swine Fever Vaccine (IVRI-CSF-BS) Technology developed by ICAR -Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izzatnagar

The genetic basis of differential host immune response vis-à-vis transcriptome profile was explored in PBMCs of indigenous (Ghurrah) and crossbred pigs after classical swine fever vaccination and in monocyte derived macrophages (MDMs) challenged with virulent classical swine fever (CSF) virus. The humoral immune response (E2 antibody) was higher (7...

The experiments on Zn management in diversified fodder maize based system was conducted with the objective of enhancing cropping system productivity and profitability under irrigated conditions during 2016-17 and 2017-18. The higher green and dry fodder productivity of maize (African tall) under maize-mustard-wheat cropping system was observed. The...

Increasing weather aberrations cause frequent crop failure in monoculture cropping system. 38 Specialized crop production systems, where few seasonal crops occupy vast arable lands, resulting in 39 more biotic and abiotic stresses in agri-ecosystem. Therefore a diversified agroforestry system was 40 evaluated to ensure resilience under limited wate...

Half of the global human population is dependent on rice as a staple food crop and more than 25% increase in rice productivity is required to feed the global population by 2030. With increase in irrigation, global warming and rising sea level, rising salinity has become one of the major challenges to enhance the rice productivity. Since the loss on...

The present study was conducted to identify the differentially expressed miRNAs (DE miRNAs) in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of crossbred pigs in response to CSF vaccination on 7 and 21 days of post vaccination as compared to unvaccinated control (0 dpv). Simultaneously, set of miRNA was predicted using mRNA seq data at same time point. Th...

The cost of SNP genotyping to screen different breeds and to estimate the exact proportion of ancestry level, is quite high which can be compensated through deriving a small panel of ancestry informative markers (AIMs). Hence, we carried out the present study to provide an insight into ancestry level inferred from a panel of informative markers in...

A field experiment was conducted in a split-plot design during the summer season (zaid) of 2016 at the Norman Borlaug Crop Research Centre, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, to evaluate the influence of various fertility levels and weed-management practices on weeds, crop yield and nutrients uptake in summer mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek]. All fer...

The aim of the present study was to assess the population structure and admixture levels in the Vrindavani composite population in India by using Bovine50KSNP BeadChip data. Genotypic data were generated for randomly selected animals (n = 72) of Vrindavani population and the data for parental breeds i.e., Hariana (n = 10), Holstein-Friesian (n = 63...

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have now replaced microsatellite markers in several species for various genetic investigations like parentage assignment, genetic breed composition, assessment for individuality and, most popularly, as a useful tool in genomic selection. However, such a resource, which can offer to assist breed identification...

Peste-des-petits ruminants is a transboundary viral disease of small ruminants caused by small ruminant morbillivirus (SRMV). In the present study, the full-length V gene of SRMV was constructed through site-directed mutagenesis from the P gene transcripts of the vaccine virus (Sungri/96 India) and expressed in a prokaryotic expression system. In a...

The field experiment was conducted to study the effect of nano-particles (chitosan and titanium oxide) on growth, yield and economics of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. & Coss.] during 2013-14 and 2014-15 comprising nine treatments of seed and foliar spray of nano-particles and thiourea in RBD with three replications. Maximum dry matter...

Groundwater hazard rating systems are generally based on source-pathway-receptor approach. This study determines the response of rating system to the variations in subsurface conditions (generally designated as pathway component). Besides, the study also investigates the ability of the rating systems to respond to the changes in other components to...

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) causes severe neurological disease in humans, especially among children. The disease is endemic in several South Asian countries including India. Swine play a major role as amplifier host for JEV and act as a source of infection to humans through mosquito bite. Early detection of either virus or antibodies in swine...

Pulse Position Modulation (PPM) is a power efficient scheme that is used with IM/DD.In this paper, performance of an optical code division multiple access (CDMA) system with Turbo coding is analyzed and simulated. Turbo coding is applied on an optical channel with PPM and direct detection of the received optical signal then the performance is evalu...

In the present study, to analyze the genomic ROH fragments, haplotypes, inbreeding coefficient and effective population size (Ne), SNP50K data of 72 Vrindavani crossbred cattle strain were obtained. After a quality check, 24,449 biallelic SNPs were retained, which were in HWE, MAF > 0.01 and genotyping rate >95%. A total of 385 ROH were found, and...

Sheeppox disease is associated with significant losses in sheep production world over. The sheep pox virus, the goatpox virus, and the lumpy skin disease virus cannot be distinguished by conventional serological tests. Identification of these pathogens needs molecular methods. In this study, seven genes viz. EEV maturation protein—F12L, Virion prot...

Globally around 1000 m ha land is afflicted with soil salinity problems and this menace is likely to expand in more areas. Development of salt tolerant genotypes as identified through reliable and representative screening methods can increase rice productivity of these problem areas with minimum input costs. The overall biological tolerance to sali...

Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. and Coss.] is mainly grown under water deficit conditions and moisture stress at sensitive stages resulted in severe growth and yield decline. The available limited irrigation water and soil moisture can be efficiently utilized for enhancing mustard productivity, profitability and irrigation water use eff...

Peste-des-petits-ruminants (PPR) is a contagious and highly devastating disease of small ruminants. For control of endemic PPR, adequate supply of affordable and reliable diagnostics is critical for effective surveillance, along with the use of highly efficacious live vaccines that are currently available. The nucleocapsid (N) protein of PPR virus...

Close vicinity of uncontrolled municipal waste sites (or ‘waste dumps’) to well-populated communities makes the air contamination a prominent hazard from the waste dumps. The hazard rating systems, considered useful in prioritizing these sites for remediation, are investigated for their suitability to assess air contamination of municipal waste dum...

Porcine sapelovirus (PSV) A belongs to the genus Sapelovirus, family Picornaviridae. PSV infections in pigs have been reported from European countries, United States, Japan, China, Korea and Brazil. The virus has been isolated/detected from faeces of healthy pigs as well as those affected with diarrhoea, respiratory signs, encephalitis, skin lesion...

We report here the first complete genome of the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) genotype III strain JEV/SW/IVRI/395A/2014, isolated from stillborn piglets in India. It shares 99% identity with strain JaOArS982 and a few other strains from Japan.

More than 60% of the waste dumps in India are within 500 m of the communities. Consequently, the odour impact from these sites may be the sole criterion to prioritize these sites for closure/remediation. The existing rating systems do not consider odour impact in their assessment. The new system, proposed in the study, employs seven parameters deri...

The study focuses on developing an improved rating system to assess the hazard for subsurface migration of landfill gas leading to explosion. From literature review, the study first identifies eight parameters important for the hazard: waste quantity, waste depth below ground, biodegradable fraction, annual rainfall, number of rainy days, soil perm...

Peste des petits ruminanats virus (PPRV), a morbillivirus causes an acute, highly contagious disease - peste des petits ruminants (PPR), affecting goats and sheep. Sungri/96 vaccine strain is widely used for mass vaccination programs in India against PPR and is considered the most potent vaccine providing long-term immunity. However, occurrence of...

The present work has been carried out with an objective to study the factors affecting length of gestation in foalings from artificially inseminated Marwari mares for a period of ten consecutive breeding seasons.

Leachate emission from uncontrolled municipal solid waste landfills (referred to as waste sites in the present study) is a major threat to the environment and living beings in its vicinity. Surface water contamination potential resulting from leachate may be used as one of the criteria for prioritization of sites for remediation purposes. The exist...

The present study reports on 23 extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP), isolated from milk samples (n=340) of healthy cows (n=129) and cows with subclinical (n=159) and clinical (n=52) mastitis, from three different states of India viz. West Bengal, Jharkhand and Mizoram. Seven of them were AmpC type β-lactamase producer...

ABSTRACT In quest of a new drug for the treatment of trypanosomosis, a zoonotic disease, Arsenicum album tincture (C-30) (homeopathic drug) at concentrations ((250-1000 μg mL-1) was screened against Trypanosoma evansi. In this method, a Vero cell line was grown in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) (Sigma) in 96-well flat bottom micro culture...

Background India is endemic to Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and recurrent outbreaks occur mainly in rice growing areas. Pigs are considered to be the amplifying host for JEV and infection in gestating pigs results in reproductive failure. Most studies conducted on JEV infection in Indian pigs have been serological surveys and very little is kn...

A rapid and accurate method of detection and differentiation of virulent and avirulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) pathotypes was developed. The NDV detection was carried out for different domestic avian field isolates and pigeon paramyxo virus-1 (25 field isolates and 9 vaccine strains) by using APMV-I “fusion” (F) gene Class II specific externa...

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute and highly contagious viral disease of sheep, goats and wild ruminants. The disease is controlled by the use of live-attenuated vaccines that give a lifelong immunity. Currently, several PPR vaccines are available for use in the field that are based on the tissue culture passage attenuation of wild-type...

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Gallinarum causes fowl typhoid (FT), which results in huge economic losses to poultry farmers in India. We report the draft genome sequence of Salmonella biovar Gallinarum strain VTCCBAA614, isolated from a chicken in an FT affected broiler flock.

Camelpox virus (CMLV), a close variant of variola virus (VARV) infects camels worldwide. The zoonotic infections reported from India signify the need to study the host-range genes-responsible for host tropism. We report sequence and phylogenetic analysis of five host-range genes: cytokine response modifier B (crmB), chemokine binding protein (ckbp)...

The sites contaminated by disposal of municipal solid waste pose a number of hazards to their surrounding environment. But the status of these sites is still unknown in India in terms of scale of size for planning the remediation effectively. The study tries to give an idea of the size of these sites for the cities having population more than a mil...

The study aims to develop a relative hard rating system to assess the air contamination potential from waste dumps in terms of odour potential hazard. The parameters and their relative importance have been selected based on existing literature and expert judgement. The developed framework has been applied to four dump sites from Indian cities and c...

Neuroimmunomodulation involves interactions among nervous, endocrine and immune systems. An integrated function is performed by nervous and immune systems that is responsible for preservation of integrity and homeostasis of the organism. Though central nervous system (CNS) has a limited repertoire for its own protection, it has the blood brain barr...