R. Gothalwal

• Professor at Barkatullah University

This preliminary study focuses on the isolation and characterization of indigenous Streptomyces spp. from the Upper Lake of Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, with an emphasis on their potential to produce L-methioninase, an enzyme with significant therapeutic applications in cancer treatment. Sample collection was conducted from five locations around...

Following World War II, the agrochemical industry burgeoned, introducing diverse chemical agents like pesticides and herbicides to enhance crop production. These compounds, including herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides, are toxic and persist in the environment, causing soil, water, and air pollution and disrupting ecological balance. Farmers,...

Enzymes are vital biocatalysts facilitating biochemical reactions in organisms, playing pivotal roles in both biological systems and numerous industrial applications. This study focuses on the isolation and screening of asparaginase-producing bacteria from sewage water samples in Bhopal City. A modified M9 media, supplemented with asparagine and ph...

Murraya koenigii is a multipotential medicinal plant. Almost each and every part of the plant has numerous medical applications. Thus, it can be considered as most suitable candidate for new drug discovery. The present review proposes very useful idea for developing significant amount of both genetic and genomic resource for M. koenigii. The transc...

Purpose of Review Sepsis is a clinical condition with a dysregulated immune system majorly attributed to bacteremia. The contrivances underlying this disorder are essential to understand for an early and precise diagnosis. To tackle the burden of challenges like antibiotic resistance and complications of other co-existing metabolic disorders like c...

Oroxylum indicum (L) Vent (O. indicum), a significant endangered medicinal plant, was transformed by the Rhizobium rhizogenes (R. rhizogenes) mediated transformation method using the bacterial strain MTCC 532. For a successful transformation, factors such as explant selection, Co-cultivation time, temperature for induced root development, transform...

Present study was focused on hydrocarbon degradation potential and detection of enzymes involved in degradation pathway of selected hydrocarbons by Bacillus sp. E87. GC analysis were used as evaluation experiment to check the degradation potential of potent isolate in presence of tested hydrocarbons at 100ppm (Benzene, diesel, hexane, petrol, tolue...

Cyanobacteria blooms occurred worldwide, including in India Microcystis aeruginosa is a cyanotoxins producing species that occurs in aquatic habitats such as lakes and rivers and varies with different geographical locations. Microcystin (Hepatotoxin) causes serious health hazards in humans, animals, and aquatic living organisms. The ability of micr...

Among all the nanoparticles synthesized; silver nanoparticles have attained special place in the area of nano technology because of their antimicrobial, nontoxic, environmentally safe and biomedical applications. In general; their syntheses involves the use of hazardous chemicals or costly physical methods. However, the biological processes are mak...

The biological synthesis of nanoparticles is gaining attention due to the wide area of applications it offers. Using microbes and plants synthesis of nanoparticles is the most eco-friendly approach and is also cost effective method. Plants, microorganisms will be able to consume the inorganic metal ions from other niche. Nanoparticles can be produc...

Nanotechnology is a branch of science that is highly evolving and has its applications widespread into diverse fields. Use of metals in the nanoparticles synthesis has received international attention due to its considerable, huge applications in all fields. In recent times, biogenic method of synthesis of nanoparticles is being done using plants,...

Gliomas are primary intracranial tumors with defined molecular markers available for precise diagnosis. The prognosis of glioma is bleak as there is an overlook of the dynamic crosstalk between tumor cells and components of the microenvironment. Herein, different phases of gliomagenesis are presented with reference to the role and involvement of se...

FPAses have been isolated and studied from psychrotolerant yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa BPT1, Penicillium canescens BPF4 and Pseudogymnoascus roseus BPF6. BPT1 showed 100% activity at 4ºC, 30ºC and 50ºC, while that from BPF4 and BPF6 showed maximal activity at 60ºC and 40ºC respectively. The enzyme from BPT1 showed three peak activities, BPF4 and...

The different types of organic waste/ pollutants are mainly generated from the various industries, specifically in the sectors of paper, fertilizer, silk, textiles, food processing, pharmaceuticals, oil refineries, sugar, distillers, brewery, cotton etc. The main pollutants from such industries are particulate matter, waste water, which contains ca...

The current study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical profile and biological properties (antioxidant activity) of methanolic, ethyl-acetate and petroleum extracts of Alchemilla vulgaris which was traditionally used to alleviate and treat many diseases. Total phenolic content found in methanolic and ethyl acetate extract of Alchemillia vulgar...

The mounting human population and the massive amount of waste generated from the same is receiving particular attention towards valorization of waste. According to the annual report of FAO, (2018) the human consumption of fish protein has reached 87% in 2016 from 67% during 1960s. Aquaculture only has contributed to 5.8% annual growth rate among fo...

Sustainable enhancement in bioactive production of medicinal plants must encompass a balanced use of inorganic, organic, and biofertilizer sources of plant nutrients to augment and maintain soil fertility, productivity and quantity. This necessitates an intricate analysis of the inter-relationships between microbial communities and their impact on...

Most of the active phytoconstituents under development are poorly water soluble or have poor bioavailability . Nanotechnology is an approach to overcome the challenges of conventional drug delivery systems and limitations of phytochemicals. Solid Lipid nanoparticles show interesting features concerning therapeutic purposes. The main advantage is th...

Hydrogen is extensively thought of as the most hopeful fuel of the future. At present, most of it is generated from the nonrenewable fuels. Biological hydrogen production has several advantages over hydrogen production by other processes. Biological hydrogen production requires the use of a simple solar reactor such as a transparent closed box, wit...

Malignant brain tumors proliferate aggressively and have a debilitating outcome. Surgery followed by chemo-radiotherapy has been the standard procedure of care since 2005 but issues of therapeutic toxicity and relapse still remain unaddressed. Repurposing of drugs to develop novel combinations that can augment existing treatment regimens for brain...

Microscopy methods have been around for decades. Since the samples being tested are becoming smaller and smaller, the field is evolving. This is true as nanomaterials have made their way into many fields of research. The techniques such as Transmission Electron Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) have become...

The deadly effect of corona virus has severely affected World .Presently the scheme of treating Virus with antiviral or antimalarial drugs or in combination with anti-Ebola medicine,. In researches conducted in China researchers revealed that phytoconstituents like Betulinic acid ,Emodin Ursolic acid and Menthol showed better activity against COVID...

In the present study, the green fabrication of Indium tin oxide bimetallic nanoparticles using toddy palm from Borassus flabellifer was studied. The precursors used were for the fabrication of Indium tin oxide nanoparticles were Indium acetylacetonate and Tin Bis (acetylacetonate) dichloride and Toddy palm from the plant Borassus falbellifer. The p...

Natural products have limitation in the bioavailability of active components because of numbers of reasons which includes poor solubility of the ingredient, poor stability due to gastric and colonic acidity, poor metabolism by the effect of gut microflora, poor absorption across the intestinal wall, poor active efflux mechanism and first-pass metab...

The green synthesis of nanoparticles by using a plant extract is safe and effective way to increase the efficiency and potency of phytochemicals. Silver has been used since ancient time due to its potent antimicrobial effect and now it is recognized as a nontoxic and safe for human beings. Silver nanoparticles have attracted keen interest due to it...

The latest advancements in technology have led to the progress in designing more efficient anaerobic digestion (AD) systems which have incorporated modifications such as feedstock pretreatment methods, bioprocess improvements, techno-economic gas upgrading, and superior digester designs among others. The different types of feedstocks being used, th...

With energy costs reaching historical highs, biohydrogen as an alternate fuel is progressively attracting attention. Production of gas from algae is being thought of as an alternate to other forms of fuels. However, industrial production of biohydrogen remains not practically possible as a result of low biomass concentration and expensive downstrea...

Medicinal properties of plants are dependent on the presence of certain phytoconstituent. Various plants exhibits neuroprotective and cognitive enhancing effects. phytoconstituents shows capacity to modulate the cholinergic system and to contrast oxidative stress . Individual alkaloids act as agonists and antagonists to a variety of neurotransmitte...

Charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. is one of the economically important diseases of soybean. 30-50% yield losses in soybean have been reported due to charcoal rot worldwide. Being a devastating disease, its management is of utmost concern for sustainable crop production. Chemical fungicides are neither ecofriendly nor safe...

The use of microbial bioinoculants for managing plant diseases and promoting plant growth is an effective alternative approach to integrated farming. One of the devastating phytopathogens is Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. It is an omnipresent fungus infecting more than 500 plant species. It causes charcoal rot disease in soybean leading to 3...

Enterobacteria are often responsible for various gastrointestinal foods borne infection in humans. But due to profuse use of commercial antibiotic and synthetic pesticides for human and crop protection growing incidences of drug-resistant pathogens of both clinical and agricultural importance have increased. This has aggravated the search for antim...

Plants absorb sulphate, the oxidized form of elemental sulphur (S°), from soil. Sulphur-oxidizing bacteria play a key role in transformation of sulphur in soil. Oil seed crops require high amount of sulphur and it plays an important role in the formation of proteins, vitamins and enzymes. It increases yield, oil content and protein content in oil s...

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of non-protein-coding RNAs which are longer than 200 nucleotides. LncRNAs play important roles in epigenetic modification, transcription and post-transcriptional regulation, maintenance of normal tissue development and differentiation. LncRNA could serve as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis as well a...

Abstract The diversity and habitat of sulphur-oxidizing bacteria recently gained the attention to consummate sulphur deficiency and to improve the fertility of soil. The present study strives to decrypt the abundance and diversity of sulphur-oxidizing bacteria in agricultural soil of Indore, Madhya Pradesh. A total of 40 different bacterial morphot...

In the current study, green synthesis of bimetallic Ag/Cu and Cu/Zn bimetallic nanoparticles were carried out using toddy and were characterized. The formed Ag/Cu bimetallic nanoparticles were brown in colour while the formed Cu/Zn nanoparticles were green. Simultaneous synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles in a single pot was investigated using to...

Metal nanoparticles are garnering considerable attention owing to their high potential for use in various applications in biological, biomedical, and biosensing. Nanoparticle have unique Physical and Chemical Properties due to their high surface area and nanosized. The synthesis of metallic nanoparticle has the potential to deliver new source of no...

Plants are a tremendous source for the discovery of new products with medicinal importance in drug development. Several distinct chemicals derived from plants are used in various important ways. Secondary metabolites are economically important as drugs, flavor, dye, pesticides, and food additives. Plants produce the diversity of secondary metabolit...

Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent is used as a traditional medicine to cure many diseases. The flavonoids baicalein has been detected and extracted from in vitro culture. The aim of this research was to determine the in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of O. indicum callus extracts. Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with BAP 1 mg l-1 a...

Oroxylum indicum (L) Vent. is an important medicinal tree possesses numerous metabolites of medicinal value. Nowadays, research is going on to find out role of metabolic activities of endophytic fungi to support the existence of their host. In this series, present paper describes a deep study of various fractions of Plant root and fungal endophyte...

Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent is used as a traditional medicine to cure many diseases. The flavonoids baicalein has been detected and extracted from in vitro culture. The aim of this research was to determine the in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of O. indicum callus extracts. Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with BAP 1 mg l-1 a...

The inappropriate and indiscriminate uses of fungicides and antibiotics have led to serious environmental threats to human life, especially in vegetables, spices, fruits, and other cash crops, because growers are using a large quantity of fungicides and antibiotics for the control of various diseases ignoring the persistency of these chemicals. The...

ABSTRACT: The popularity of herbal medicine enhance day by day because of its natural origin and lesser side effects. Nature has been a source of medicinal agents for thousands of year and an impressive number of modern drug have been isolated from natural sources, many based on their use in traditional medicine. Plants from the genus Zizyphus ha...

Callus culture of Psoralea corylifolia Linn. is a potent source for the determination of phytoestrogens. P.corylifolia L.an endangered medicinal plant has unique ability of phytoestrogens synthesis responsible for it's over exploitation by pharma companies. In present study HPLC analysis of root derived callus of P.corylifolia L. shows presence of...

The emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in the healthcare is a serious concern. In the Healthcare premises precisely intensive care unit are major sources of microbial diversity. Recent findings have demonstrated not only microbial diversity but also drug resistant microbes largely habitat in ICU. Pseudomonas aeruginosa found as a part of no...

The aim of this research was to screen the activity of carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) in laboratory stocks of psychrotrophic fungi (Penicillium canescens BPF4, Truncatella angustata BPF5 and Pseudogymnoascus roseus BPF6). Of the three fungal species, the psychrotrophic fungus T. angustata showed maximum CMCase activity under cold temperatures. Th...

Toxic Microcystis aeruginosa blooms are a growing threat to freshwater bodies worldwide. Microcystis is the most common species of bloom-forming cyanobacteria which are known to produce cyanobacterial hepatotoxins termed microcystins has cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in animal cells, induces oxidative stress in animal cells and together with the...

Physico–chemical analysis of extreme agriculture soil from Bhopal and occurrence of cyanobacteria for sustainable agriculture Shweta Sahu a*, Ragini Gothalwal a, A. S. Yadav b aDepartment of Biotechnology, Barkatullah University,Bhopal-462026 bDepartment of Higher Education, Govt of M.P., Vallabh Bhavan, Bhopal-462004 Madhya Pradesh, India *Email:...

Medicinal properties of plants are dependent on the presence of certain phytoconstituent. Various plants exhibits neuroprotective and cognitive enhancing effects. phytoconstituents shows capacity to modulate the cholinergic system and to contrast oxidative stress . Individual alkaloids act as agonists and antagonists to a variety of neurotransmitte...

Nanoparticles play an important role in a wide variety of fields including advanced materials, pharmaceuticals, and environmental detection and monitoring. They have been used in vivo to protect the drug entity in the systemic circulation, restrict access of the drug to the chosen sites and to deliver the drug at a controlled and sustained rate to...

In the present study, in vitro dissolution kinetics of Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) loaded with antibiotics kanamycin, kanamycin, rifampicin, spectinomycin and cephalexin and the bimetallic silver, copper nanoparticles were done and results are presented. The nanoparticles were synthesized using a green method and were loaded to see the effect of incorp...

Protein can be quantified by various biochemical assays but all methods are subjected to artifacts. Also, the nature of the sample governs the selection of the appropriate method. The Fish visceral extract is a complex mixture of bioactive peptides, polypeptides, lipoproteins, hexapeptides etc. Samples containing higher protein concentration vary t...

Municipal solid waste containing a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds which causes contamination to the environment. Heavy metals are major components of inorganic compounds and cannot degrade. Due to their toxic nature, it’s necessary to remove from environment. Conventionally metal removal by classis techniques involve expensive method...

Primary animal cells can grow in simple plastic or glass containers in synthetic media but only for limited generations, due to cell apoptosis and cell senses . These cultured cells can be used to study and analyze under certain favorable or unfavorable stress conditions, to understand the complex city of animal physiology. Freshly explanted lympho...

Fluorine is a highly reactive gas, rarely occurs in nature, in elemental form. Fluorosis is an excruciating and crippling disease caused by fluoride intake. Microbial degradation is cost-effective and eco-friendly method of removing fluoride compounds. The enzymes and genes involved in the fluoride-degrading pathway have been identified and charact...

Psoralea corylifolia L. belongs to Fabaceae family is a traditional medicinal plant in India, commonly known as "Bachi". It is used as a diuretic, diaphoretic, laxative and stimulant and used to improve vitiligo. The powdered seeds were applied externally to cure skin problems. In the present study, the methonalic extract of the leaf callus of Psor...

Central India is a second largest region of India, the dependable water source are lake, dame and rivers are natural water resource in and around the city which managed as dynamic vibrant life systems also suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes was carried out by local peoples. Assessment of organic pollution by Palmer’s Algal Genus Index...

Abstract. In this paper, we examined the effect of salt stress (NaCl) and osmotic stress (sucrose) on proteomic level in the diazotrophic cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum. The aim of this study is to compare proteins appeared in control vs. salt treated, control vs. sucrose treated and salt treated vs. sucrose treated cultures. In the salt treated cu...

Effluent produced by the cellulose and textiles industries contains inorganic and organic substances. These can only be removed by pretreatment of the wastewater followed by biological treatment. The microbes help to accelerate the degrading process. Some bacteria are isolated from environment playing a fabulous role in improving the quality of was...

Trichoderma species are free-living fungi that occur in nearly all the soils and other natural habitats. They can be easily isolated from soil and decomposing organic matter. The genus Trichoderma comprises a great number of fungal strains that act as biological control agents, the antagonistic properties of which are based on the activation of mul...

ABSTRACT Neurodegenerative diseases are pathological conditions that have an insidious onset and chronic progression. Different models have been established to study these diseases in order to understand their underlying mechanisms and to investigate new therapeutic strategies. Although various in vivo models are currently in use, in vitro models m...

Diesel degrading bacterial isolates Gh1 and Gh15 were isolated from crude oil contaminated soil, oil refinery of Guwahati (Assam, India) located at 26°11'0'' North, 91°44' 0'' East. Isolates showed optimized growth pattern at 35°C, pH 6.5 and 100 ppm diesel using as the sole carbon and energy. Optical density and gas chromatography were used as eva...

Microcystins (MCs) are cyanotoxins produced mainly by the Microcystis species and are reported to be hepatotoxic. The toxicity on exposure to MCs was reported worldwide in fish, animals and in humans for over a century. The findings of investigation revealed that about 100 known variants of MCs till date and of them the most toxic and widely distri...

Every day, a substantial amount of waste gets produced that has a deteriorating effect on environment. There is a lot of challenges in the urban solid waste management. Different types of waste are responsible for producing harmful effects on living organisms and environment. Both human and animal are suffering from various kinds of diseases, the q...

Bioenergy can be produced from global biomass systems which contain huge amount of biomass in the form of food, fodder and fiber production, and forest wastes and residues management. Bioenergy is a kind of biofuels, produced by microorganisms like hydrogen gas, methane and other form of energy (Logan and Rabaey 2012). The present study was conduct...

Post genomic studies specially proteomics of cyanobacteria give much more attention and reveal the information about biological significance to improve the productivity of crop plant in adverse condition. Currently high throughput proteomics of cyanobacterial studies led to 24 published report, having 14 unicellular and 10 filamentous cyanobacteria...

Liposomes are the leading drug delivery systems for the systemic (intravenous) administration of drugs. Liposome encapsulation can markedly alter the biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of well-known chemotherapeutic agents. Present work explore liposomal drug delivery system for anti-malarial drugs with the objective of protection of the drug fro...

Psoralea corylifolia Linn., an endangered medicinal plant of Fabaceae family, is rich in phytoestrogen genistein (4',5,7-trihydroxyisoflavone) and daidzein (4',7-dihydroxyisoflavone). They are plant derived xeno estrogen not generated within the endocrine system but protect against hormone-related disorders such as breast cancer, prostate cancers,...

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus is a threat to animal and public health worldwide. Till date, the H5N1 virus has claimed 402 human lives, with a mortality rate of 58% and has caused the death or culling of millions of poultry since 2003. In this study, we have designed three siRNAs (PB2-2235, PB2-479 and NP-865) targeting PB2 an...

The aim of this study is to identify proteins generated through two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus cedrorum 1191 under short term NaCl stress. The 2-DE images of the control and salt-treated cells were compared in terms of differentially expressed proteins (>1.5 fold regulation). This comparison leads to...

Several mechanisms are developed by the microorganisms to tolerate few high concentrations of heavy metals. One of these mechanisms dependent upon anabolic and catabolic energy of microorganisms is the bioaccumulation of heavy metals. In present work, approximately four varieties of bacteria have been isolated from the ash dyke sample of four therm...

Approximately four varieties of bacteria has been isolated from the ash dyke sample of four power plants of Chhattisgarh. Bacillus being the dominant. Total 11 isolates were found to be Bacillus sp. The strains were tested for their tolerance against six different types of heavy metals dominat in the ash samples viz. Pb, Hg, Ni, Co, Cu, Mn.

Biodegradation of complex hydrocarbons usually requires the cooperation of more than a single species of microorganisms including bacteria. This is particularly true in pollutants that are made up of many different compounds such as crude oil or petroleum, and where complete mineralization to CO2 and H2O is desired. An effort has been made to form...

Andrographis paniculata Nees, a well-known plant of Indian and Chinese traditional system of medicines, commonly known as Kalmegh has drawn attention of researchers in recent times. Andrographolide, the principal bioactive phytoconstituent of the plant has shown credible anticancer, anti-inflammatory, angiogenic, antivenom, antidiabetic, antimalari...

Azadirachta indica is a very useful traditional medicinal plant in the sub-continent and each part of the tree has some medicinal properties. The plant is native to Asia, but has now naturalized in West Africa and is widely cultivated in Nigeria as an ornamental as well as medicinal plant. Fresh leaves of the plant were collected, dried, homogenize...

Advanced biochemical and pre-clinical studies have proved the potential of plant flavonoids and other hydrophilic natural compounds for the treatment of skin disorders, different types of carcinoma, anti-aging and many other areas of therapeutics and preventive medicine. The hydrophilic nature and unique chemical structure of these compounds pose m...

Parasitic diseases such as malaria, leishmaniasis, and trypanosomiasis represent a significant global burden and pose a great challenge to drug discovery and delivery to scientists due to their intracellular nature and disseminated locations. Moreover, poor rate of discovery in the anti-parasitic segment seen in last few decades has necessitated ef...

Industrialized societies and those with mechanized agricultural production are now be set by a number of pollution problems that were largely unknown prior to world war II. The properties that make cyanobacteria generally undesirable are also the qualifications for possible positive economic use. These tinny plants are distributed all over the worl...

The cyst nematode Heterodera cajani is one of the major endemic diseases of pigeonpea, an important legume for food security and protein nutrition in India. It occurs in several pulse crops grown over a range of Indian agro climatic conditions but the extent of its intraspecific variation is inadequately defined. In view of this, 11 populations of...

This study reports generation of large-scale genomic resources for pigeonpea, a so-called ‘orphan crop species’ of the semi-arid tropic regions. FLX/454 sequencing carried out on a normalized cDNA pool prepared from 31 tissues produced 494 353 short transcript reads (STRs). Cluster analysis of these STRs, together with 10 817 Sanger ESTs, resulted...

List of newly developed SSR markers isolated from BESs of pigeonpea. List of newly developed BES-SSRs providing details on corresponding GenBank ID, SSR motif, primer sequences, product size and amplification status.

Polymorphism status of SSR markers tested on 22 parental genotypes. Detailed information on markers, exhibiting polymorphism in at least one parental combination, along with their SSR motifs, number of alleles and PIC values.

Purity index of polymorphic SSR markers on pigeonpea hybrid ICPH 2671 individuals. List of polymorphic markers between parental lines (ICPA 2043 and ICPR 2671) and corresponding purity percentage of designated hybrid.

Purity index of polymorphic SSR markers on pigeonpea hybrid ICPH 2438 individuals. List of polymorphic markers between hybrid parents (ICPA 2039 and ICPR 2438) and percentage of purity assessed by these markers in designated hybrids.

Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] is an important legume crop of rainfed agriculture. Despite of concerted research efforts directed to pigeonpea improvement, stagnated productivity of pigeonpea during last several decades may be accounted to prevalence of various biotic and abiotic constraints and the situation is exacerbated by availability...

With an objective to develop a genetic map in pigeon pea (Cajanus spp.), a total of 554 diversity arrays technology (DArT) markers showed polymorphism in a pigeon pea F(2) mapping population of 72 progenies derived from an interspecific cross of ICP 28 (Cajanus cajan) and ICPW 94 (Cajanus scarabaeoides). Approximately 13% of markers did not conform...