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Introduction
Additional affiliations
May 2019 - December 2022
March 2017 - April 2019
Education
December 2013 - December 2016
September 2011 - July 2013
September 2008 - July 2011
Publications
Publications (47)
Plant viruses possess adaptations for facilitating acquisition, retention, and inoculation by vectors. Until recently, it was hypothesized that these adaptations are limited to virus proteins that enable virions to bind to vector mouthparts or invade their internal tissues. However, increasing evidence suggests that viruses can also manipulate host...
Plant virus infection fundamentally alters chemical and behavioral phenotypes of hosts and vectors. These alterations often enhance virus transmission, leading researchers to surmise that such effects are manipulations caused by virus adaptations and not just by-products of pathology. But identification of the virus components behind manipulation i...
Background: Numerous studies have documented modifications in vector orientation behavior, settling and feeding behavior, and/or fecundity and survival due to virus infection in host plants. These alterations are often expected to enhance virus transmission, which has led to the hypothesis that such effects are vector manipulations by the virus. Ho...
There is growing evidence that plant viruses manipulate their hosts and vectors in ways that increase transmission. However, to date only few viral components underlying these phenomena have been identified. Here we show that cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) protein P2 modifies the feeding behavior of its aphid vector. P2 is necessary for CaMV trans...
Plant viruses can change hosts in ways that increase vector contacts, virion acquisition, and subsequent vector dispersal to susceptible hosts. Based on this, researchers have proposed that virus-induced phenotypes are the product of adaptations to “manipulate” hosts in ways that increase transmission. Theoretical models of virus spread in crops su...
Multi-infection of plants by viruses is very common and can change drastically infection parameters such as virus accumulation, distribution, and vector transmission. Sugar beet is an important crop that is frequently co-infected by the polerovirus beet chlorosis virus (BChV) and the closterovirus beet yellows virus (BYV), both vectored by the gree...
Multi-infection of plant by viruses is very common and can change drastically infection parameters such as virus accumulation, distribution and vector transmission. Sugar beet is an important crop that is frequently co-infected by the polerovirus beet chlorosis virus (BChV) and the closterovirus beet yellows virus (BYV), both vectored by the green...
Plant viruses change the phenotype of their plant hosts. Some of the changes impact interactions of the plant with insects that feed on the plants and transmit these viruses. These modifications may result in better virus transmission. We examine here the transcriptomes of two plant species infected with two viruses with different transmission mode...
Background
Numerous studies have documented modifications in vector orientation behavior, settling and feeding behavior, and/or fecundity and survival due to virus infection in host plants. These alterations are often expected to enhance virus transmission, which has led to the hypothesis that such effects are vector manipulations by the virus. How...
Cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata ) is one of the most important crops in semiarid areas of the world, where it thrives in hot, dry conditions. While cowpea is able to withstand abiotic stresses, it suffers serious losses from biotic antagonists, including infestation by the cowpea aphid ( Aphis craccivora ). Cowpea aphid infestations are highly destructi...
Background
Poleroviruses, such as turnip yellows virus (TuYV), are plant viruses strictly transmitted by aphids in a persistent and circulative manner. Acquisition of either virus particles or plant material altered by virus infection is expected to induce gene expression deregulation in aphids which may ultimately alter their behavior.
Results
By...
Background
Evidence accumulates that plant viruses alter host-plant traits in ways that modify their insect vectors’ behavior. These alterations often enhance virus transmission, which has led to the hypothesis that these effects are manipulations caused by viral adaptation. However, the genetic basis of these indirect, plant-mediated effects on ve...
Emerging evidence suggests that viral infection modifies host plant traits that in turn alter behaviour and performance of vectors colonizing the plants in a way conducive for transmission of both nonpersistent and persistent viruses. Similar evidence for semipersistent viruses like cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) is scarce. Here we compared the ef...
Cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata ) is one of the most important crops in semiarid areas of the world, where it thrives in hot, dry conditions. While cowpea is able to withstand abiotic stresses, it suffers serious losses from biotic antagonists, including infestation by the cowpea aphid ( Aphis craccivora ). Cowpea aphid infestations are highly destructi...
A growing number of studies suggest that plant viruses manipulate host plant phenotypes to increase transmission-conducive behaviors by vectors. Studies on this phenomenon frequently omit examination of interactions that occur after vectors acquire virions, which provides an incomplete understanding of the ecology of plant virus manipulation. Here,...
Cowpea, Vigna unguiculata, is a crop that is essential to semiarid areas of the world like Sub-Sahara Africa. Cowpea is highly susceptible to cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora, infestation that can lead to major yield losses. Aphids feed on their host plant by inserting their hypodermal needlelike flexible stylets into the plant to reach the phloem sa...
Plant viruses face many challenges in agricultural environments. Although crop fields appear to be abundant resources for these pathogens, it may be difficult for viruses to “escape” from crop environments prior to host senescence or harvesting. One way for viruses to increase the odds of persisting outside of agricultural fields across seasons is...
During the process of virus acquisition by aphids, plants respond to both the virus and the aphids by mobilizing different metabolic pathways. It is conceivable that the plant metabolic responses to both aggressors may be conducive to virus acquisition. To address this question, we analyze the accumulation of the phloem-limited polerovirus Turnip y...
The majority of plant viruses rely on an organism called vector to be carried from an infected host plant to a healthy one. Most vectors are phytophagous piercing-sucking insects (aphids, leaf- and planthoppers, whiteflies, thrips, etc.), but also beetles, mites, nematodes, and fungal and protist microorganisms. Vector-borne viruses are responsible...
A growing number of studies indicate that plant viruses enhance their own transmission by modifying host phenotypes and vector behavior, leading to the hypothesis that such effects are manipulations resulting from virus adaptations. However, few studies have linked putative manipulations with virus components, and the true frequency and magnitude o...
There is growing evidence that plant viruses manipulate host plants to increase transmission-conducive behaviors by vectors. Reports of this phenomenon frequently include only highly susceptible, domesticated annual plants as hosts, which constrains our ability to determine whether virus effects are a component of an adaptive strategy on the part o...
The electrical penetration graphing or electropenetrography (EPG) technique is essential for understanding interactions of hemipteran insects with their host plants. Typically, 10–12.5 μm diameter gold wire is used as the tethering material in EPG studies. This wire was originally chosen based on suitability for aphids, but application of the EPG t...
We demonstrated previously that expression of Macrosiphum euphorbiae salivary protein Me10 enhanced aphid reproduction on its host tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ). However, the mechanism of action of Me10 remained elusive.
To confirm the secretion of Me10 by the aphid into plant tissues, we produced Me10 polyclonal antibodies. To identify the plant...
Background
Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is the fourth culture in the world and is widely used in the agri‐food industries. They generate by‐products in which α‐chaconine and α‐solanine, the two major solanidine‐based glycoalkaloids of potato, are present. As secondary metabolites, they play an important role in the protection system of potato and are...
Aphids are important pests which cause direct damage by feeding or indirect prejudice by transmitting plant viruses. Viruses are known to induce modifications of plant cues in ways that can alter vector behavior and virus transmission. In this work, we addressed whether the modifications induced by the aphid-transmitted Turnip yellows virus (TuYV)...
Plant viruses strongly influence the physiology of their host plants and phytophagous insect vectors, thereby affecting ecological interactions between them. Despite the important role of natural enemies on insect vector control and thus on virus dissemination, the influence of plant viruses on the third trophic level received little attention. We...
The application of nitrogen (N) and herbicides are commonly used to fertilize crops and protect them against weed development, but are also considered as soil and environment pollutants. Even so, the individual and combined non-target effects of N fertilizers and herbicides on multitrophic interactions within agrosystems are not well known. From so...
Insect-vectored plant viruses can induce changes in plant phenotypes, thus influencing plant–vector interactions in a way that may promote their dispersal according to their mode of transmission (i.e. circulative vs. non-circulative). This indirect vector manipulation requires host–virus–vector co-evolution and would thus be effective solely in ver...
La cameline, Camelina sativa (Brassicaceae), fait aujourd'hui l'objet d'un regain d'intérêt. Il s'agit d'une plante aux vocations multiples (bioénergétique, industrielle, alimentaire), aux exigences agronomiques faibles et qui semble peu sujette aux attaques de ravageurs phytophages.Trois objectifs visant à appréhender la complexité des interaction...
Background:
The use of nitrogen fertiliser in agrosystems can alter plant nitrogen and consequently improve nutrient availability for herbivores, potentially leading to better performance for herbivores and higher pest pressure in the field.
Results:
We compared, in laboratory conditions, the effects of nitrogen fertilisation on a promising biom...
From soil samples collected in fields characterized by contrasted nitrogen management over a 6-year period, we investigated the effects of direct application of glyphosate and nitrogen fertilization on microbial activities and soil nutrient status, the bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) biomass and nutrient acquisition, and the impacts of plant nutrition on...
Because N is frequently the most limiting mineral macronutrient for plants in terrestrial ecosystems, modulating N input may have ecological consequences through trophic levels. Thus, in agro-ecosystems, the success of natural enemies may depend not only from their herbivorous hosts but also from the host plant whose qualities may be modulated by N...
Growing landscapes - Cultivating innovative agricultural systems
Abstract Cropping systems based on carefully designed plant species mixtures reveal many potential advantages such as (1) yield improvement, (2) better control of pests and diseases, (3) enhanced ecological services and (4) greater economic profitability. The objective of this field study was to evaluate the effect of the faba bean-camelina associa...
Miscanthus spp. (Poaceae) is large perennial C4-grasses that are receiving considerable attention as bioenergy crops. Therefore, the introduction of miscanthus crops in Europe needs continuous monitoring and risk assessment because they may serve as a refuge or a reservoir for aphid pests and/or pathogens of conventional crops. Here, we first repor...
The need to substitute fossil fuels to reduce CO2 emissions and to ensure energy security has led to an increasing interest for perennial grasses as alternative sources of energy. Among these plants, the biomass crops Miscanthus sinensis, Miscanthus sacchariflorus and their triploid sterile hybrid Miscanthus x giganteus have attracted a large inter...
The need to substitute fossil fuels to reduce CO2 emissions and to ensure energy security has led to an increasing interest for perennial grasses as alternative sources of energy. Of these plants, Miscanthus sinensis, Miscanthus sacchariflorus and their triploid sterile hybrid Miscanthus x giganteus have attracted keen interest as potential biomass...
Miscanthus spp. (Poaceae) is large perennial C4-grasses that are receiving considerable attention as bioenergy crops. Therefore, the introduction of miscanthus crops in Europe needs continuous monitoring and risk assessment because they may serve as a refuge or a reservoir for aphid pests and/or pathogens of conventional crops. Here, we first repor...
Parasitoid host selection behaviour has been extensively studied in experimentally simplified tritrophic systems formed by one single food chain (one plant, one herbivore and one parasitoid species). The "Mother knows best" hypothesis predicts that the preference for a plant-host complex should be positively correlated with plant quality for offspr...
Camelina sativa is a Brassicaceae that was commonly cultivated in Europe until the nineteenth century. Recently, it has received much interest as an alternative oil seed crop because of its particular oil composition and low requirements in terms of agronomic inputs and its resistance to some Brassicaceae-chewing insects. However, little is known a...
Parasitoid host selection behaviour has been extensively studied in tritrophic systems formed by one single food chain consisting of one plant, one herbivore and one parasitoid species. In agro-systems, however, parasitoids forage in complex habitats and the subsequent interactions that involve diverse plants communities have only been studied for...