Putarak Chomnunti

Mae Fah Luang University | MFU · School of Science

Epifoliar fungi are one of the significant fungal groups typically living on the surface of leaves. They are usually recorded as saprobes, obligate parasites and commensals and are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. Numerous genera within this group remain inadequately understood, primarily attributed to limited taxonomic knowl...

A species of entomopathogenic fungi was found on ants in Guizhou Province, China. It is described as Cordyceps poluscapitis (Cordycipitaceae), a novel species with both a sexual and an asexual morph. Cordyceps species are characterized by producing brightly coloured, fleshy stromata and long, filiform ascospores. Cordyceps poluscapitis is unique in...

This article is the 14th in the Fungal Diversity Notes series, wherein we report 98 taxa distributed in two phyla, seven classes, 26 orders and 50 families which are described and illustrated. Taxa in this study were collected from Australia, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Chile, China, Cyprus, Egypt, France, French Guiana, India, Indonesia, Italy, Laos, Me...

Endophytic fungi live in inter-cellular spaces of healthy plant tissues without causing any apparent symptoms of diseases for the host plant. Some fungal endophytes help their plant hosts to survive under biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, we collected healthy mango leaves at the Honghe mango plantations (Yunnan Province) in the winter. A...

Rice blast disease caused by the fungus Pyricularia oryzae is one of the most devastating diseases of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Therefore, the use of resistant rice varieties would be the most effective way to control this disease. Based on disease evaluation, upland rice varieties were classified into two groups: resistant (35%) and moderately resis...

Leaf blight is commonly observed in rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis) and can be caused by several fungal species. From October to December 2021, the emergence rubber tree disease was observed in Krabi province, southern Thailand. Small brown to dark brown spots developed on the leaves of rubber trees and later expanded into most parts of the leave...

Cordyceps militaris is an entomopathogenic fungus. It is well-known as a rich source of bioactive compounds called cordycepins and adenosines, which are useful in medicinal applications. The effects of medium components on cordycepin and adenosine production by C. militaris, obtained by adding different conditions of corncob biochar in solid media,...

Smaragdiniseta musae is introduced as a leaf-based novel saprobic species from Musa . Multi-gene phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer (ITS), RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2) and β-tubulin (tub2) data support the taxonomic placement of the new collection in Smaragdiniseta (Hypocreales, Stachybotryaceae). The novel spec...

Neocosmospora is a fungus genus that contains saprobes, endophytes, and pathogens in the family Nectriaceae . Prior to this study, 113 morphological species belonging to this genus have been described and published. In this study, we reported two new species of fungus, Neocosmospora mangrovei (MFLUCC 17–0253; MFLUCC 17–0257) and N. ceriopis (MFLUCC...

While conducting a survey of bambusicolous fungi in northern Thailand and southwestern China, several saprobic fungi were collected from dead branches, culms and twigs of bamboos, which were preliminarily identified as species belonging to Pleosporales (Dothideomycetes) based on a morphological approach. Multigene phylogenetic analyses based on ITS...

Rice blast is the most devastating disease of rice (Oryza sativa L.) causing yield losses worldwide. It had been shown that partially resistant rice varieties are a useful way to control rice blast disease. Landraces are a rich source of traits governing resistance/ tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Therefore, 94 upland rice varieties were...

Xylariales are common endophytes of Dendrobium. However, xylarialean species resolution remains difficult without sequence data and poor sporulation on artificial media and asexual descriptions for only several species and old type material. The surface-sterilized and morph-molecular methods were used for fungal isolation and identification. A tota...

The modern mycology has move forward with the combination of chemotaxonomy, phylogeny, genetics and molecular biology. The utilization of DNA sequencing for the phylogenetic analysis explains the relationships between fungi and its diversity clearly. However fungal morphological characterization is fundamental and still essential even though molecu...

Sydowiellaceae is a poorly studied family in the order Diaporthales comprising a collection of morphologically diversified fungal taxa. Eleven genera have been listed under this family in recent publications. In this study, we provide a combined gene analysis of LSU, ITS, RPB2, tef-α, Beta-tubulin genera of Sydowiellaceae to show the generic distri...

Solid-based residues (SBRs) left from harvesting the fruiting bodies of cultured Cordyceps mushrooms are a challenge to sustainability. Therefore, in this study, the SBRs from the cultivation of Cordyceps militaris (C. militaris) via solid-state fermentation (SSF) were employed to prepare crude extracts, with the aim of considering their possible u...

A new species, Pezicula endophytica , was isolated from roots and stems of two Dendrobium species in northern Thailand. Evidence to support the new species is based on morphology and phylogenetic analysis of the combined ITS, LSU, and RPB2 DNA sequence dataset. Pezicula endophytica , which constituted a clade independent from other Pezicula species...

Chemical investigation of the mycelia of the pathogenic fungus Curvularia sp. which was isolated from a leaf of Dactyloctenium aegyptium (crowfoot grass), resulted in the isolation of a new compound, curvulariahawadride (5), along with five known compounds (1–4, and 6). Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data, including...

A study was conducted to investigate saprobic fungal niches of Stachybotryaceae (Hypocreales) associated with leaves of Musa (banana) in China and Thailand. Three hyphomycetous taxa were collected during the dry season of 2018 and 2019. After a careful phenotypic characterization (both macro- and microscopically) and a phylogenetic tree reconstruct...

Neofusicoccum species are endophytes, saprobes and opportunistic pathogens of many economic and ornamental plants. There are few reports of Neofusicoccum species are available to be associated with orchids worldwide. In this study, five endophytic Neofusicoccum strains were isolated from Dendrobium orchid leaves and stems in southwestern China and...

Species of Cordyceps sensu lato (Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes) have always attracted much scientific attention for their abundant species diversity, important medicinal values and biological control applications. The insect superfamilies Elateroidea and Tenebrionoidea are two large groups of Coleoptera and their larvae are generally called wireworm...

Soil microorganisms are well studied for their beneficial effects on plant growth and their impact on biocontrol agents. The production of volatile antifungal compounds emitted from soil fungi is considered to be an effective ability that can be applied in biofumigants in the control of plant diseases. A soil fungus, Trichoderma asperelloides TSU1,...

A study was undertaken to collect and identify saprobic fungi associated with Musaspp.(banana) from Taiwan, China, and Thailand. Samples were collected during the dry season and their morpho–molecular relationships were investigated. Five brown pleosporalean hyphomycetous taxa in Periconiaceae and Torulaceae viz. Periconia cortaderiae,P. delonicis,...

Numerous new taxa and classifications of Dothideomycetes have been published following the last monograph of families of Dothideomycetes in 2013. A recent publication by Honsanan et al. in 2020 expanded information of families in Dothideomycetidae and Pleosporomycetidae with modern classifications. In this paper, we provide a refined updated docume...

This article is the ninth in the series of Fungal Diversity Notes, where 107 taxa distributed in three phyla, nine classes, 31 orders and 57 families are described and illustrated. Taxa described in the present study include 12 new genera, 74 new species, three new combinations, two reference specimens, a re-circumscription of the epitype, and 15 r...

Dead leaves of Musa sp. (banana) were collected in northern Thailand during an investigation of saprobic fungi. Preliminary morphological observations revealed that three specimens belong to Dictyoarthrinium . Phylogenetic analyses of combined SSU, LSU, ITS and tef 1-α sequence data revealed that Dictyoarthrinium forms a clade in Didymosphaeriaceae...

Tropical plants host a range of fungal niches including endophytes, pathogens, epiphytes and saprobes. A study undertaken to discover the saprobic fungal species associated with Musa sp. (banana) from northern Thailand found two hyphomycetous taxa of Spegazzinia (Didymosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales). These were collected during the dry season and thei...

Biscogniauxia belongs to the family Graphostromataceae, and species have been found mainly as pathogens in dicotyledonous plants worldwide. Two endophytic strains, Biscogniauxia dendrobii sp. nov. and B. petrensis were isolated from Dendrobium aphyllum and D. harveyanum sampled from southwestern China and northern Thailand respectively. The conidio...

Marine diatrypaceous fungi are associated with many host species, including Avicennia spp., Halosarceia halocnemoides (Nees) Paul G.Wilson, Kandelia candel (L.) Druce, Salicornia sp., Rhizophora apiculata Blume and Suaeda fruticosa (L.) Forssk. Accurate morphological identification of individual taxa of this family is difficult, as previous classif...

During a workshop in Hordaland with invited international experts, we found 13 ascomycete species new to Norway (Cucurbitaria pulveracea, Dothidotthia ramulicola, Dothivalsaria megalospora, Julella macrospora, Lentomitella investita, Mycoporum sparsellum, Nigrograna mycophila, Ptychographa xylographoides, Rutstroemia tiliacea, Saccardoёlla canadens...

Our investigation of saprobic marine fungi in India, Thailand, Sweden and the UK yielded 57 species accommodated in 26 families. In the present study, we describe two new genera, 37 new species and 15 new host records. Novel genera, Halocryptosphaeria and Halotestudina are introduced within Diatrypaceae (Xylariales) and Testudinaceae (Xenoacremoniu...

Pestalotiod taxa commonly occur in plants as endophytes, pathogens or saprobes. Endophytic Pestalotiopsis and Neopestalotiopsis species were isolated from Dendrobium cariniferum, D. loddigesii and two unidentified orchid species sampled in southwestern China and northern Thailand. Morphological and molecular comparison identified the isolates as tw...

This is a continuation of a series focused on providing a stable platform for the taxonomy of phytopathogenic fungi and organisms. This paper focuses on 25 phytopathogenic genera: Alternaria, Capnodium, Chaetothyrina, Cytospora, Cyphellophora, Cyttaria, Dactylonectria, Diplodia, Dothiorella, Entoleuca, Eutiarosporella, Fusarium, Ilyonectria, Lasiod...

Fungi are an understudied, biotechnologically valuable group of organisms. Due to the immense range of habitats that fungi inhabit, and the consequent need to compete against a diverse array of other fungi, bacteria, and animals, fungi have developed numerous survival mechanisms. The unique attributes of fungi thus herald great promise for their ap...

Samarakoon SMBC, Samarakoon MC, Aluthmuhandiram JVS, Wanasinghe DN, Chomnunti P 2019-The first report of Daldinia eschscholtzii as an endophyte from leaves of Musa sp. Abstract There has been increasing research interest in the isolation of fungal endophytes from different hosts or tissue types of the same host from many tropical regions. However,...

This article is the tenth series of the Fungal Diversity Notes, where 114 taxa distributed in three phyla, ten classes, 30 orders and 53 families are described and illustrated. Taxa described in the present study include one new family (viz. Pseudoberkleasmiaceae in Dothideomycetes), five new genera (Caatingomyces, Cryptoschizotrema, Neoacladium, P...

Micropeltidaceae species are flyspeck fungi which have been subjected to few systematic studies. We re-examined 27 genera which were accepted in the Micropeltidaceae and re-described them based on herbaria materials and protologues. Based on morphology and phylogenetic investigations, we transfer Micropeltidaceae to a new order, Micropeltidales (Le...

Neocordana species mainly causes leaf spots on Musa spp. (banana and plantain) and on Canna denudata (an ornamental plant). Leaf spots on Musa spp. reduce the quality of the commodity and result in significant economic loss. Based on molecular and morphological data, the genus accommodates seven species at present with a worldwide distribution. Mos...

This article is the ninth in the series of Fungal Diversity Notes, where 107 taxa distributed in three phyla, nine classes, 31 orders and 57 families are described and illustrated. Taxa described in the present study include 12 new genera, 74 new species, three new combinations, two reference specimens, a re-circumscription of the epitype, and 15 r...

Sexual morph of Phaeoacremonium aureum was collected from a mangrove in Krabi Province, southern Thailand. It was linked to P. aureum based on the analysis of sequence data. The sexual morph is characterized by ascomata with relatively long conical necks and suballantoid to oblong, slightly curved ascospores, with rounded ends and small guttules at...

In this study, the mature leaves of Assam tea which were considered as waste were used as substrate for solid state fermentation. The effects of solid state fermentation on phenolic content and antioxidant capacities of Assam tea leaves using 4 different Trichoderma spp. including Trichoderma harzianum CB-Pin-01, Trichoderma sp. NTY 211, Trichoderm...

A new species of Phaeoacremonium , P.ovale (Togniniaceae), was isolated during a diversity study of freshwater fungi from Yunnan Province in China. Morphological and cultural studies of the fungus were carried out and its sexual and asexual morphs (holomorph) are introduced herein. This species is characterised by peculiar long-necked, semi-immerse...

Demarcation of family, genus and species boundaries in the Diaporthales has been tentative due to uninformative illustrations and descriptions, overlapping morphological characteristics, misplacement or poor condition of type specimens and shortage of molecular data from ex-type cultures. In this study, we obtained the type specimens or other authe...

Demarcation of family, genus and species boundaries in the Diaporthales has been tentative due to uninformative illustrations and descriptions, overlapping morphological characteristics, misplacement or poor condition of type specimens and shortage of molecular data from ex-type cultures. In this study, we obtained the type specimens or other authe...

A novel marine genus, Halobyssothecium (Lentitheciaceae), is introduced to accommodate Byssothecium obiones (= Halobyssothecium obiones) with evidence from phylogenetic analyses of concatenated LSU, SSU, ITS rDNA, and TEF1 sequence data. We could not locate any type material for this species and there is no molecular data available for the type of...

Two species of sooty mould-like taxa, were obtained from living leaves of Coffea arabica plants collected in Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. Differences in phenotypic and phylogenetic characteristics based on combined large subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA and internal transcribed spacer sequences indicated that the two isolates represent two novel spe...

We have collected and isolated 50 fungal specimens associated with mangrove tree species including Avicennia marina, Bruguiera cylindrica, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia alba and Xylocarpus spp. from Prachuabkirikhan, Phang Nga, Krabi, Phuket and Ranong Provinces, southern Thailand. Maximum parsimony, Maximum likelihood and...

A sooty blotch and flyspeck fungus with semi-transparent ascomata was discovered in northern Thailand. Its multi-loculate-like ascomata arrangement is similar to species of Lecideopsella (Schizothyriaceae), but ascomata lack a network-like arrangement. The new genus also has ascospores with appendages at both ends. Maximum parsimony, maximum likeli...

In this study, we report the discovery of Jahnula dianchia sp. nov., a freshwater lignicolous fungus belonging to the order Jahnulales (Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota), from a submerged woody substrate from Dianchi Lake, Yunnan, China. Morphologically, this new taxon differs from other species of the genus in ascospore morphology; the ascospores of th...

This is the sixth in a series of papers where we bring collaborating mycologists together to produce a set of notes of several taxa of fungi. In this study we introduce a new family Fuscostagonosporaceae in Dothideomycetes. We also introduce the new ascomycete genera Acericola, Castellaniomyces, Dictyosporina and Longitudinalis and new species Acer...

Five new fungal taxa found on Alnus, a valuable timber tree widely distributed in Europe, are described using morphology and multigene phylogenetic analyses. The new Dothideomycetes, Helminthosporium italicum, Dothiorella guttulata, and Prosthemium alni, and Sordariomycetes, Ditopella aseptatospora and Cryptosporella alni-cordatae, are compared wit...

The Dothideomycetes represent the largest fungal class of Ascomycota. It is an ubiquitous class of fungi whose members span a wide spectrum of lifestyles and host interactions. The endophytic fungus Phyllosticta is one members of the Dothideomycetes, causing disease in economic crops. Phyllosticta was screened for the degradation of lignocellulosic...

This is a continuity of a series of taxonomic and phylogenetic papers on the fungi where materials were collected from many countries, examined and described. In addition to extensive morphological descriptions and appropriate asexual and sexual connections, DNA sequence data are also analysed from concatenated datasets to infer phylogenetic relati...

High insecticidal resistance by insect pests is a serious problem in our agricultural system and there is a growing demand to reduce the chemical input. Use of entomopathogenic fungi is a promising alternative to control insect pests which has great ability to cover wide host range, target specificity, high reproductive capabilities and ability to...

Herpotrichiellaceae is an interesting, but confused family in Chaetothyriales; the latter has been considered to represent a natural and well-defined group. A new genus Melanoctona was collected on decaying wood of Tectona grandis in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand and is introduced in Herpotrichiellaceae. It has a unique combination of morphological...

This is a continuity of a series of taxonomic papers where materials are examined, described and novel combinations are proposed where necessary to improve our traditional species concepts and provide updates on their classification. In addition to extensive morphological descriptions and appropriate asexual and sexual connections, DNA sequence dat...

Two species of Ceramothyrium were found on dead leaves in northern Thailand. They have mycelial pellicles covered the ascomata, with a circumferential space filled with sparse mycelium. Based on their morphology and phylogenetic analyses of a combined LSU and ITS dataset, one taxon is introduced as a new species, Ceramothyrium longivolcaniforme sp....

Notes on 113 fungal taxa are compiled in this paper, including 11 new genera, 89 new species, one new subspecies, three new combinations and seven reference specimens. A wide geographic and taxonomic range of fungal taxa are detailed. In the Ascomycota the new genera Angustospora (Testudinaceae), Camporesia (Xylariaceae), Clematidis, Crassiparies (...

A new genus and species, Discopycnothyrium palmae, is described from palms ( Arecaceae) in Narathiwat Province, southern Thailand, and is known only from its asexual morph. The genus is characterized by circular pycnothyria with darkened cells around the central ostiole, variably long hyphae at the margin, and pycnothyriospores that are 1-septate w...

Species of Parmulariaceae are biotrophic, plant-parasitic microfungi that develop on the surface of living plants. We collected Aldona stella-nigra during a survey of foliar epiphytes in the Philippines and thus we restudied this poorly reported species around the world and re-examined some similar taxa. In this paper we re-describe and illustrate...

Massarineae is a suborder of Pleosporales, the latter being the largest order in Dothideomycetes. Massarineae comprises 14 families and six taxa of uncertain placement. In this study, we introduce an additional new family, Longipedicellataceae in Massarineae, which accommodates the genera Longipedicellata and Pseudoxylomyces. The family inhabits su...

This paper provides recommendations of one name for use among pleomorphic genera in Dothideomycetes by the Working Group on Dothideomycetes established under the auspices of the International Commission on th