Przemyslaw Nowakowski

Wrocław University of Science and Technology | WUT · Department of Architecture

Background: Building law regulations determine designing the built environment recognising the needs of users of different ages and psychophysical abilities. Seniors and their spatial needs are covered there to a limited extent. The benchmark for design are wheelchair users. Their spatial requirements are greater in relation to independent walkers...

Appreciating beauty is a positive human feeling. In architecture and design, it is associated with the usefulness of products to meet needs. Those products are well received by users. The designer’s task is to achieve perfection in their work. The rational design of artificial living environments is also an expression of concern for a sustainable e...

The feeling of beauty is one of the positive human feelings. In architecture and design, it is associated with forms appropriate to their purpose. The usefulness of products to meet needs is also important. They are well received by users. The task of designers is to achieve perfection in their work. The rational design and use of artificial living...

In urban environment, as well as in individual interiors, the access to outdoor spaces is very important, especially to green and sunlit areas, and areas with a sky view. These closed functional sections are therefore complemented by public and private spaces open to the external environment. The opening of residential spaces to the natural environ...

The article presents an analysis of the color evolution of tenement houses in Wroclaw in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Their various colors, confirmed by research, prove the term “Colorful Wroclaw”, appearing in the 1930s the architectural journals. The considerations were supported, i.e., by iconographic material presenting the varied colors...

The choice of furniture does not only affect the comfort of one’s life or work space. Materials utilized in furniture production may contribute to the quality of chemical microclimate in rooms and have an influence on the users’ health. Plenty of substances used in the furniture industry have negative effects on human health. These effects are usua...

In urban environment, as well as in individual interiors, the access to outdoor spaces is very important, especially to green and sunlit areas, and areas with a sky view. These closed functional sections are therefore complemented by public and private spaces open to the external environment. The opening of residential spaces to the natural environ...

A significant part of the population of Central and Eastern Europe lives in multi-family residential buildings made of large prefabricated concrete slabs. Such buildings are often heavily depleted, as they are 30–50 years old and they do not meet the current utility needs of tenants in functional terms. Such multi-storey buildings dominate urban la...

Housing needs, as well as technical and economic factors influence the size, structure and standard of a dwelling. The structure and functional and spatial program of housing should enable fulfillment of broadly understood needs, both existential as well as higher-level ones. Oftentimes a dwelling is a place of realization of conflicting needs, suc...

Households currently serve as people’s main living environment since householders spend approximately two thirds of their time there. Fulfilling of basic human needs and, in particular, higher level needs requires providing of sufficient living space. Some of the housing needs are not considered or are omitted by architects and designers as a resul...

Kitchen is a functionally complex room, where various complex chores, related mainly to meal preparation, are performed. Therefore, apart from gainful employment, it is necessary to devote many hours of work to various household chores. The desire to reduce the time of everyday duties has always been a drive to progress and has led to various ratio...

Acquiring of knowledge concerning problematic aspects of household chores, in particular complex kitchen chores, as well as dining culture can influence the possibility of shaping more optimal living conditions. It is a completion of ergonomic design of particular zones of home. The household living space can be divided into the leisure area (toget...

House interiors have always mirrored the level of development of civilisation of societies, as they have constituted an area of fulfilment of existential, cultural and aesthetical needs. However, meeting those needs requires a considerable effort. The course and effectiveness of household chores was influenced by social and economic determinants, a...

Keywords: temporary architecture, lifetime of buildings, investment process, ergonomics

The role of kitchen area in the house environment has been changing over the course of history. The changes concerned the share of kitchen space in apartment functional structure, as well as the course of everyday chores. Currently, as well as in the past, kitchen areas remain placed either in separate rooms, or they constitute a part of a bigger s...

ARCHITECTURE AND ERGONOMICS OF HOUSEHOLD KITCHENS AGAINST THE CULINARY CUSTOMS Acquiring knowledge concerning troublesome aspects of household chores, in particular, complex kitchen tasks as well as dining etiquette is of vital importance in creating optimal living conditions. Exploring those issues can be helpful in evaluation of the role of the...

Technological conveniences became permanent elements of people’s lives. Various appliances help out with daily chores and shape the standards of our lives. They are accessible thanks to well-developed and efficient manufacturing. The basic role of those diverse technological products is to reduce both physical and mental effort involved in people’s...

Owning a house or a flat is closely related to the necessity of maintaining it. Housework requires various skills and abilities, as well as both physical and mental effort, overcoming weariness caused by the repetition of activities while experiencing lack of lasting effects, financial difficulties, and sometimes shortages of supplies and services....

A proper development of human body, particularly in the childhood and adolescence period requires an intense movement activity. The young, however, are more and more overburdened with school responsibilities and they have to spend much more time at school and when doing homework at home than ever before. Furthermore, children frequently give up gam...

It has been noticed within a few years now that energy prices soared all over the world. Apart from growing costs of vehicle fuels, prices of energy used in flats have risen. They take a substantial share in domestic budgets. It poses a problem mainly for residents in countries where the building industry have been using less advanced technologies....

Ergonomics focuses on adapting the human living environment to man's varied needs. Up until now, functional and microclimatic aspects detached from wider external conditions have been the major focus of attention in ergonomics. Contemporary users, however, are more and more getting interested in exploitation conditions, home maintenance costs and t...

Any space available to children can be used as a playground. Such places are getting more and more diminished and isolated from the nearby surroundings. Creating spatial enclaves, apart from undeniable measurable advantages (e.g. safety), causes various negative social and organizational consequences (age discrimination, monotony, uniformization, l...

Słowa kluczowe: prawo budowlane, niepełnosprawni, Unia Europejska Streszczenie: istniejące i nowo wznoszone budynki mieszkalne są zwykle nie przystosowane do specyficznych potrzeb osób niepełnosprawnych. Jest to efektem działań oszczędnościowych w trakcie inwestycji i przede wszystkim niedoskonałych przepisów. Prawo budowlane w zakresie przystosowa...

Fire, first open and then closed, was kindled and maintained through the ages. Fire started in hearths allowed for lighting and heating rooms and thermal processing of food. It considerably changed the quality of the domestic life (thus the English term “hearth” stands not only for a fireplace itself but extended its meaning into the concept of hom...