Prof. Swarnlata Saraf

Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University · Institute of Pharmacy

The prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia is increasing worldwide, and finding effective treatments for these conditions is a major public health challenge. Natural bioactive drugs have been identified as a promising source of potential treatments, due to their ability to target multiple pathways and their low toxicity. This...

The current book chapter discusses the quality control and efficacy of synbiotics nutraceutical products. Synbiotics is a term nowadays being frequently used to define a combination of probiotics and prebiotics. Prebiotics are indigestible compounds that act as food for beneficial microbes in the gut. These compounds are found in many foods, includ...

Software and Programming Tools in Pharmaceutical Research is a detailed primer on the use for computer programs in the design and development of new drugs. Chapters offer information about different programs and computational techniques in pharmacology. The book will help readers to harness computer technologies in pharmaceutical investigations. Re...

As per the WHO, every year around 2.1 million women are detected with breast cancer. It is one of the most invasive cancer in women and second most among all, contributing around 15% of death worldwide. The available anticancer therapies including chemo, radio, and hormone therapy are associated with a high load of reversible and irreversible adver...

Development of natural mosquito repellants is essential considering their safety profile unlike synthetic insecticides. Herein, novel liquid vaporizable preparations of the essential oils obtained from the leaves of weeds Lantana camara Linn (L. Camara) family Verbenaceae, and Ocimum gratissimum Linn (O. gratissimum) family Lamiaceae were developed...

Objective: The flavonoidal drug Naringenin offers a natural defense against free radical generation due to their antioxidant i.e. free radical scavenging property. The continuation of research work towards the invention of targeting the flavonoidal drug for skin carcinoma. Naringenin is a potent antioxidant, having remarkable reactive oxygen specie...

Present work focuses on the development and optimization (Box-Behnken design) of calcipotriol (CP) loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) enriched nanogel for topical treatment of psoriasis. In this regard, CP-NLCs were prepared, optimized, and investigated in vitro for various physical parameters. Further, the optimized batch of CP-NLCs was loa...

In December 2019, when the whole world is waiting for Christmas and New Year, the physicians of Wuhan, China, are astounded by clusters of patients suffering from pneumonia from unknown causes. The pathogen isolated from the respiratory epithelium of the patients is similar to previously known coronaviruses with some distinct features. The disease...

The diagnosis and treatment of neurological ailments always remain an utmost challenge for research fraternity due to the presence of BBB. The intranasal route appeared as an attractive and alternative route for brain targeting of therapeutics without the intrusion of BBB and GI exposure. This route directly and effectively delivers the therapeutic...

In last two decades, the lipid nanocarriers have been extensively investigated for their drug targeting efficiency towards the critical areas of the human body like CNS, cardiac region, tumor cells, etc. Owing to the flexibility and biocompatibility, the lipid-based nanocarriers, including nanoemulsion, liposomes, SLN, NLC etc. have gained much att...

Polymers are one of the most researched materials in different fields of study like engineering, chemistry, biomedicine, etc. Interpenetrating polymer network-based gels are highly versatile as they possess the properties of two or even more type of polymers from which they are formulated. The 3D structure of IPN hydrogels possesses the ability of...

NLC is a next-generation lipid nanocarrier which holds many advantages over other colloidal lipid carrier system like higher drug loading, better and controlled release and enhanced stability. Owing to the unique structural composition, i.e. crystallized solid and liquid lipid blend it offers excellent biocompatibility and higher permeation across...

Bioactives and/or biological agents are vital substances (i.e., vitamins and phytoactives) that occur in nature or fabricated intentionally (i.e., vaccines and recombinant protein) and are fortified for providing immense health benefits. These bioactives provide distinctive useful impacts on human health including antioxidant, antiinflammatory, ant...

Background Diabetes is one of the most common chronic metabolic disorder which affect the quality of human life worldwide. As per the WHO report, between 1980 to 2014, the number of diabetes patient increases from 108 million to 422 million, with a global prevalence rate of 8.5% per year. Diabetes is the prime reason behind various other diseases l...

Dendrimers are emerging class of nanoparticles used in targeted drug delivery systems. These are radially symmetric molecules with well-defined, homogeneous, and monodisperse structures. Due to the nano size, they can easily cross the biological membrane and increase bioavailability. The surface functionalization facilitates targeting of the partic...

Contents 1. Introduction 2 2. Green solvent 3 3. Carbon dioxide as a green solvent 4 4. Green tea composition and bioactives 4 4.1 Decaffeination of green tea leaves 5 4.2 Catechin 6 4.3 Physical properties of catechin 8 4.4 Chemical properties of catechin 8 4.5 Biological potential of catechin 8 5. Extraction techniques 10 5.1 Conventional extract...

The aim of present study was to develop the efficient targeting of Concanavalin-A conjugated nanotransfersomal gel to bind directly to melanocytes gel layer against UVB induced skin carcinoma. Carbopol loaded nanotransfersomal gel have prepared by modified rotary evaporation sonication technique & conjugated synthesized by carbodiimide method and t...

Globally, the central nervous system (CNS) disorders appear as the most critical pathological threat with no proper cure. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one such condition frequently observed with the aged population and sometimes in youth too. Most of the research utilizes different animal models for in vivo study of AD pathophysiology and to investi...

Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable, transparent, colloidal drug carrier system extensively used by the scientists for effective drug delivery across the skin. It is a spontaneous isotropic mixture of lipophilic and hydrophilic substances stabilized by suitable surfactant and co-surfactant. The easy fabrication, long-term stability, enhance...

Diabetes and its complications are a significant health concern throughout the globe. There are physiological differences in the mechanism of type-I and type-II diabetes and the conventional drug therapy as well as insulin administration seem insufficient to address the problem at large successfully. Hypoglycemic swings, frequent dose adjustments a...

The unique self-renewal and differentiation ability of stem cells drag the attention of many scientists and researchers towards the clinical application of stem cells. Stem cells are basically the normal living cells of multicellular organisms with some special ability to proliferate and transform into any kind of the body cells with their characte...

In last few years, the stem cell therapy gets much popularity among researchers and scientists of biomedical field. It became an effective and alternative approach for the treatment of various physiological conditions (like accidental injuries, burn damage, organ failure, bone marrow transfusion, etc.) and chronic disorders (diabetes, cancer, neuro...

Utilizing the diverse features of biocompatible polymers to target drugs into the tumor/s has been a research hotspot since last decade. Such polymeric conjugates of anti-cancer drugs have proven their potential in providing sustained release of drugs with reduced systemic toxicity and improved tumor retention. Polymers like polyethylene glycol (PE...

According to the Alzheimer Association Report (2017), Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the 6th primary cause of death in the USA, which affects nearly 5.5 million people. In the year 2017 itself, the cost of AD treatment in the USA has been reported to rise to $259 billion. This statistic shows the severity of the disease in the USA which is very much s...

Introduction: Brain is supposed to be the most complicated part of the body which is very far from the reach of drug moieties. The drug entry in to the brain region depends upon various factors, and among those, the blood-brain-barrier remains the most prominent one. This barrier restricts the entry of almost all the drug and most of the essential...

Transdermal delivery serves as non-invasive and effortless terminable means for systemic as well as topical drug delivery and finds itself as an option to conventional delivery route. Significant impervious nature of skin is the greatest hurdle for successful delivery of drug molecules to the deeper layers of skin for systemic absorption. Many appr...

Skin cancer is a progressive disease which causes degradation of ECM components that leads to inflammation of skin, formation of wrinkles, epidermal hyperplasia and disturbances in the dermal collagen and elastin bundles. Exposure of UV radiation causes release of various enzymes and chemicals mediators which acts as a marker in the detection of ce...

In this modern era, with the help of various advanced technologies, medical science has overcome most of the health-related issues successfully. Though, some diseases still remain unresolved due to various physiological barriers. One such condition is Alzheimer; a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive memory impairment, behavioral...

Lymphatic disorders are vital problem in front of drug delivery cargoes because of their specific tissues and drainage system. Lymphatic disorders need an advanced delivery system which can reach their and deliver the drug. Lamivudine loaded Emulsome may be an effective carrier for anti-HIV drugs. And it may be therapeutically more effective for HI...

The aim of this work is to apply Box-Behnken design to optimize the transfersomes were formulated by modiᰛed rotary evaporation sonication technique using surfactant Tween 80. The response surface methodology was used having threefactored with three levels. The prepared formulations were characterized for vesicle shape, size, entrapment e婋ciency (%...

The aim of this study was to develop a potential novel formulation of carbopol-based nanoemulsion gel containing apigenin using tamarind gum emulsifier which was having the smallest droplet size, the highest drug content, and a good physical stability for Skin delivery. Apigenin loaded nanoemulsion was prepared by high speed homogenization method a...

Application of pharmaceutical nanotechnology (nanomedicines) for plant actives and extracts, is gaining a tremendous growth and interest among the scientists. This emerging herbal revolution has headed towards the development of another approaches for the delivery of poorly soluble herbal bioactives and plant extracts for enhancing their bioavailab...

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken. commonly known as 'Koshamra' in Ayurveda is a tropical tree readily found in Asia and is used to treat pain and rheumatism, as traditional medicine in different parts of India. However, scientific evidences to justify these claims are lacking. Considering the traditional use of S.ole...

This book discusses about the approach that there are various skin diseases and disorders like Xeroderma pigmentosa (XPD) , Solar keratosis (AD), Psoriasis, Skin cancer, Eczema, photosensitization etc which have can be cured by targeting those components which are crucially involved in the pathogenesis and progress of these diseases. Mere topical a...

Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the steadily increasing cancer in the India. Various studies have put forward strong evidences of NMSC incidence due to UV radiation exposure. Keratinocyte macrophage cells express macrophage which represents both type of receptor viz. folate binding receptor having affinity for folic acid and mannose-binding recep...

Targeted drug delivery through folate receptor (FR) has emerged as a most biocompatible, target oriented, and non-immunogenic cargoes for the delivery of anticancer drugs. FRs are highly overexpressed in many tumor cells (like ovarian, lung, breast, kidney, brain, endometrial, and colon cancer), and targeting them through conjugates bearing specifi...

Background: Hydrogels are the polymeric network, which can retain large amount of water. Thus, these delivery systems always remained an issue of intensive research among the scientist fraternity. Objective: In this piece of work, we have reconnoitered the significance of the PEGylated anticancer loaded drug onto poloxamer based thermoresponsive...

Drug induced hemolysis is a frequent complication associated with chemotherapy. It results from interaction of drug with erythrocyte membrane and leads to cell lysis. In recent past, various approaches were made to reduce drug-induced hemolysis, which includes drug polymer conjugation, drug delivery via colloidal carriers and hydrogels, co-administ...

Novel drugs delivery systems (NDDS), formulations from plant actives and extracts are still a matter of thrust and hot cake among the researchers working with phytomedicine. Novel delivery systems such as polymeric liposomes, colloidisomes, aquasomes, ethosomes, niosomes, proliposomes, phytosomes®, nanoparticles, nanocapsules, nanoemulsions, micros...

Flavanoids are known to have efficiency on wrinkling, dry rough skin, red blotchiness and hyperpigmented spots in aged skin. Hyaluronidase and elastase are considered to be an important factor in degradation of Extracellular Matrix components (ECM) leading to bacterial invasion, envenomation of various toxins among others. This study potentiate tha...

A simple, sensitive, and specific thin-layer chromatography densitometric method has been developed for the quantitation of glycyrrhizinic acid. The poly herbal formulations containing Mulethi were widely used for expectorant and carminative in ancient times. The present paper deals with the development of a densitometric method for fingerprint of...

The phyto-phospholipid complexation technique is a promising approach to improve the bioavailability and efficacy of flavonoids. The objective of this study was to improve the bioavailability and efficacy of luteolin by phospholipid complexation against inflammatory liver damage. The phospholipid complex of luteolin (LPC) was prepared by solvent ev...

The aim of this study was to design a targeted drug delivery system carrying a natural anticancer drug Quercetin (Qu), specifically for skin cancer. A central composite design was applied separately for each ligand, and the quadratic model was used for the process. The surface morphology was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and F...

Objective: Although the melphalan (ML) used extensively for the management of breast cancer, its clinical application is limited due to significant hemolytic activity. In the present work, a comparative analysis of two distinct in situ-based thermogelling polymers of PEGylated ML was performed. Methods: Briefly, the PEGylated conjugate of the me...

Archives Most popular articles Most cited articles Show all abstracts Show selected abstracts Export selected to Viewed PDF Cited ORIGINAL ARTICLES Protective effect of stem bark of Ceiba pentandra linn. against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.60584 PMID:21808535 [ABSTRACT] [FULL TEXT] [PDF] [CITATIONS] [PubMed] 11,208 256 16 Brine shrim...

Protein and peptide delivery by the use of stimuli triggered polymers remains to be the area of interest among the scientist and innovators. In-situ forming gel for the parenteral route in the form of hydrogel and implants are being utilized for various biomedical applications. The formulation of gel depends upon factors like temperature modulation...

Objectives This study aims to develop novel carrier system incorporating luteolin, a poorly soluble biologically active plant active. Methods We investigated a lipid-based drug delivery system to enhance dissolution and absorption profile of luteolin. Luteolin was complexed with phospholipids, and the preparation was characterized. The formulation...

Objectives In this study, we have used melphalan (ML) as a model drug, used extensively for the treatment of breast cancer. Due to its remarkable haemolytic activity, clinical application of this drug is limited.Methods We incorporated the two synthesized PEGylated melphalan conjugates, viz. MLPEG 2000 and MLPEG 5000, separately into the medium mol...

This book gives an idea to its readers about the basics of evaluating antioxidant nature of herbal constituents, the relation of free radical scavenging activity with its chemical nature and its role in safe guarding the skin from deleterious external environment. A clinical relevance of some herbal drugs is also discussed with an approach to incor...

Photosensitization is a process in which the skin reacts to exposure to ultraviolet radiations. There are various associated dermatological consequences like photoxicity and photoallergic reactions which make the disease more complicated. There are various drugs which together with solar radiations worsen the situation of photosensitivity and hence...

The continuous exposure of skin to ultraviolet radiations generates reactive oxygen species leading to photoaging in which degradation of dermal collagen and degeneration of elastic fibers occurs. Matrix metalloproteinase [MMP] enzymes are the proteolytic enzymes which have significant potentiality of cleaving Extracellular Matrix [ECM] against Ult...

Ageing and hormones are inter-related terms playing crucial role in human’s life. Dehydroepiandrosterone, commonly known DHEA, is among those hormones which directly interfere with the ageing process and its effects is remarkably visible. The role of DHEA in fighting against the signs of aging have been tested for a long time. Recent researches in...

Stimuli triggered polymers provides a variety of applications related with the biomedical fields. Among various stimuli triggered mechanisms, thermoresponsive have been extensively investigated, as they are relatively more convenient and effective stimuli for biomedical applications. In contemporary for achieving the sustained action of proteins, p...

This study describes the release and retention of a herbal lipophilic drug in sustained and controlled manner in skin layers, given topically, intended for skin cancer. Quercetin -loaded nanoparticles were prepared by nanoprecipitation technique using ethylcellulose as polymer. Ethylcellulose was selected as it is biocompatible, but non-biodegradab...

The phyto-phospholipid complexation technique has emerged as one of the leading methods of improving bioavailability of phytopharmaceuticals having poor competency of solubilizing and crossing the biological membranes. Several plant actives in spite having potent in vitro pharmacological activities have failed to demonstrate similar in vivo respons...

Effective dermato-cosmetic products are required to improve the skin properties not only for aesthetic purposes but also to maintain the normal conditions of skin and to prevent dry skin alterations. Various moisturizers are available consisting of synthetic adhesives, emulsifiers, perfuming agents, pigments, surfactants and thickeners to form the...

Introduction: Current research efforts focused on the design and evaluation of drug delivery systems that are easy to administer require decreased administration frequency, and provide sustained drug release in order to increase clinical efficacy and compliance of the patients. The gel forming smart polymeric formulations offer numerous applicatio...

Transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) utilizes the skin as executable route for drug administration but the foremost barrier against drug permeability is the stratum corneum and therefore, it limits therapeutic bioavailability of the bioactive. This review focuses on the recent advancements in the TDDS which include iontophoresis, sonophoresis, e...

Botanical photochemoprotectives are used because they act on various stages to prevent skin cancer and photoaging. The aim of this study was to prepare herbal creams from various photochemoprotective herbs and to perform efficacy studies on them by using physicochemical, microbiological, safety, psychometric, biophysical, and sun protection factor...

Herbs having polyphenolic constituents are antioxidant in nature and are used for combating the deleterious effects of ultraviolet radiations thus producing photoprotective effects. The herbs selected were turmeric (dried rhizomes) and pomegranate (dried seeds) which could produce photo protective effect. The alcoholic extracts were produced by con...

The poly herbal formulations containing ginger are widely used for different medicinal properties. The present paper deals with the development of spectrophotometric fingerprint for estimation of 6- Gingerol in raw materials and market formulations. However, there has been an attempt to standardize the polyherbal formulations containing 6- Gingerol...

  Ultraviolet radiations generate reactive oxygen species, leading to adverse effects on skin properties. Botanical extracts are multifunctional in nature having various properties like photoprotection, anti-aging, moisturizing, antioxidant, astringent, anti-irritant, and antimicrobial activity.   The aim of this study was to formulate creams havin...

The poly herbal formulations containing ginger are widely used for different medicinal properties. The present paper deals with the development of densitometric method for fingerprint of ginger mainly using 6-gingerol in the form of densitogram following charring of the chromatographic as internal standard that could be useful for marker-based qual...

Curcuminoids obtained from Curcuma longa have properties like photoprotection, antiaging, anti-wrinkle, moisturizing, antioxidant, astringent, anti-irritant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. Our aim was to develop a stable nano-transfersomes loaded cream which could correct the morphological defects and penetrate deeper to the cellul...

Acne vulgaris is the most common cutaneous chronic inflammatory disorder of multifactorial origin with prevalence in adolescents. Acne is common among 95 and 83% of teenage boys and girls, respectively and affects 85, 8 and 3% of people aged between 12-25, 25-34 and 35-44 years, respectively. Numbers of topical and systematic therapies using synthe...

The main antioxidant polyphenols present in Camellia sinensis (green tea) are known as epicatechins which function as anti-inflammatory or anticarcinogenic agents. There are various evidences in the literature for the protective effects that green tea polyphenols exert on the skin's immune system on oral and topical application. The aim of this stu...

The aim of present study was to apply experimental design methodology in the development and optimization of carrier system for highly water-soluble polypeptide in salt form. Enalapril Maleate (EM), developed for hypertension and congestive heart failure, was used as a model peptide. A three-level three-factorial Box-Behnken experimental design was...

In the present study, efforts have been made to statistically optimize the formulation parameters of sustained-release lipospheres of Enalapril maleate, a water-soluble peptide, using1 wax and polar lipid combination. A 3-factor, 3-level Box-Behnken design was used to derive a second order polynomial equation and construct 3D surface plots to predi...

Electronic devices have reached a stage of dimension comparable to those of biological macromolecules. This raises exciting possibilities for implication of microelectronics technology in drug delivery by microfabrication and nanofabrication of the drug delivery devices. Microneedles are new transdermal drug delivery technique designed to create ho...

Vesicular systems have been realized as extremely useful carrier systems in various scientific domains. Sphingosomes is bilayered vesicles in which an aqueous volume is entirely enclosed by membrane lipid bilayer mainly composed of natural or synthetic sphingolipid. Sphingosomes solve the major drawback of vesicle system (liposomes, niosomes) like...

The aim of this work was to study skin parameters like melanin, erythema, skin hydration, and sebum score of six body sites namely volar forearm, cheek, chin, forehead, neck and post auricular skin of Asian (Indian) population with different skin colour and types to depict the formulation to be used for taking care. Initially skin colour of various...