Priyadarshi R. Shukla

Ahmedabad University · Global Centre for Environment and Energy

Annex of the special report of climate change and land by IPCC, note that Mr. ALI GEATH ELJADID is not an Author of the Report, but he is one of the EXprt Reviewers of the Report.

The IPCC AR6 Synthesis Report is based on the three Working Group contributions to the AR6 as well as on the three Special Reports prepared in this assessment cycle.

In recent years, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has been collaborating with Indian institutions to organise outreach events. This essay draws on the perspective of participants, speakers and organisers of 17 in-person outreach events conducted across India in 2018 and 2020, to share insights and recommendations for future IPCC...

India has been collaboratively hosting public dissemination events to communicate climate change science and knowledge using Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports since 2007. All three special reports from Sixth Assessment cycle have been presented in multiple outreach events in various states of India. The primary aim has been t...

The chapter examines the impacts of EVs on energy security, environment and mitigation of CO2 emissions. The chapter also examines the policy landscape for EVs in India at national, state and city level

This is the Summary for Policy Makers of the IPCC Special Report on Land and Climate Change, as approved by the IPCC member countries at the Plenary in Geneva, Aug 2-7 2019.

The Paris Agreement introduces long-term strategies as an instrument to inform progressively more ambitious emission reduction objectives, while holding development goals paramount in the context of national circumstances. In the lead up to the twenty-first Conference of the Parties, the Deep Decarbonization Pathways Project developed mid-century l...

This Summary for Policy Makers (SPM) presents the key findings of the Special Report, based on the assessment of the available scientific, technical and socio-economic literature relevant to global warming of 1.5°C and for the comparison between global warming of 1.5°C and 2°C above pre-industrial levels. The level of confidence associated with eac...

The goal of limiting global temperature rise to “well below” 2 °C has been reaffirmed in the Paris Agreement on climate change at the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21). Almost all countries submitted their decarbonization targets in their Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate...

India's contributions to meeting global mean temperature increases of 2 °C or well below 2 °C would require transformational changes in its energy systems. A bottom-up model analyzes alternate futures (reference, intended nationally determined contributions and low-carbon scenarios) assuming equal per-capita cumulative emissions rights from 2011 th...

Various modeling studies analyzing global 2 °C climate stabilization scenarios have projected penetration of CO2 capture and storage (CCS) technologies in India alongside a sizable penetration of renewable energy technologies. The assessments of geological storage potential over India have shown wide variation across regions. This paper examines th...

Abstract: Biogas has emerged as a promising renewable technology to convert agricultural, animal, industrial and municipal wastes into energy. Biogas development can be integrated with strategies to improve sanitation as well as reduce indoor air pollution and greenhouse gases. The potential from biogas generation is estimated to be in the range...

The Paris agreement stresses on concerted efforts to limit global temperature increase to 2 °C and make efforts towards achieving 1.5 °C temperature stabilization. Countries announced actions under the Nationally Determined Contributions outlining domestic mitigation actions to achieve the global target. Understanding the impact of these actions on...

The debate around nuclear energy is polarized with stakeholders taking moral positions on the merits of this technology. Keeping moral positions aside, we focus on the critical issue of the cost of nuclear energy and its implications for future penetration of nuclear energy. Conventionally, the cost of nuclear technology is reported as the overnigh...

Poster presented at the Cities and Climate Conference 2017 in Potsdam to highlight the IPCC’s work on cities and mitigation in the 6th Assessment Report Cycle (2015 - 2022).

India has pledged to reduce the carbon intensity of GDP by 33-35% in the year 2030 compared to 2005 level in its Intended Nationally-Determined Contributions (INDC). The goal of limiting the global average temperature rise well below 2 °C was reaffirmed in the Paris Agreement adopted under UNFCCC. This chapter assesses three scenarios for India spa...

The total electricity consumption from commercial sector was about 9% during 2013–14 in India. Load research survey was carried out to study the usage patterns for all types of electric appliances used in commercial establishments at income, appliance and end-use levels in Gujarat state of India – one of the most progressive states. Penetration lev...

Executive Summary: The purpose of this Commission is to explore explicit carbon-pricing options and levels that would induce the change in behaviors— particularly in those driving the investments in infrastructure, technology, and equipment—needed to deliver on the temperature objective of the Paris Agreement, in a way that fosters economic growth...

Abstract: Complexity of climate problem arises from its three important attributes; the long time horizon, global nexus and the inherent need for universal participation. The progress in regime building till date has been slow and fragmented. Robust foundations of a long-term and universally inclusive regime can be built on the pillars of equity an...

Superseding the paradigm of a ‘burden sharing’ at the margin of a given development pathway to promote an ‘equitable access to low carbon development’ is illusory without assuming the possibility of changing the direction of development through an early shift in the direction of global savings. The obstacle does arise from global financial constrai...

After the Paris Agreement a fresh look is needed about the role of carbon pricing in climate policies. Paragraph 136 of the Decision notes its importance but only applies to “non-party entities” and is not binding upon Parties to the Convention. Carbon prices will thus stay country-specific as one of the possible component of the INDCs to which the...

ABSTRACT The paper estimates the Indian carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions over the last two decades at sectoral and sub-regional levels to identify hotspots of CO2 emissions, providing possible insights for focused carbon mitigation efforts pan-India. The CO2 emissions are also estimated at the level of 1151 large point sources to identify hotspots fo...

Driven by rising income and urbanization in India, the urban solid waste generation and associated externalities are rising rapidly. Disposal of municipal solid wastes (MSW) in landfills without adequate treatment and segregation is leading to sizable local environmental impacts including land and water contamination, air pollution and emissions of...

Transport sector accounted for 13 % of India’s energy-related CO2 emissions. India’s Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC) specify an economy wide decarbonization target of 33 to 35 % between 2005 and 2030 and includes announcements for urban transport, intercity transportation infrastructures, sustainable logistics and inland waterwa...

The book presents national level policy framework on the sustainable use of biomass in China, presents macro situation of biomass availability in the country and in the locales of the case studies, and macro level situation of the grassroots innovations by the farmers related to biomass. The book then presents case studies of individual farmers' in...

India has pledged to reduce the carbon intensity of GDP by 33–35% in the year 2030 compared to 2005 level in its Intended Nationally-Determined Contributions (INDC). The goal of limiting the global average temperature rise well below 2 °C was reaffirmed in the Paris Agreement adopted under UNFCCC. This chapter assesses three scenarios for India spa...

India has made voluntary commitment for reducing the emission intensity of GDP in the year 2020 by 20–25 % below that in the year 2005. The Indian approach is based on delineating and implementing cost-effective mitigation actions which can contribute to national sustainable development goals while remaining aligned to the UNFCCC’s expressed object...

Electric vehicles have attracted the attention of India’s policy makers as clean technology alternatives due to their multiple advantages like higher efficiency and lower air pollution in short to medium term and reduced CO2 emissions as electricity gets decarbonized in the long-run under low carbon scenarios. This paper uses an energy system model...

Reflections from Southern Modeling Forum-Towards a research agenda Who we are We come from a Southern perspective, informed by a lived reality that includes poverty and inequality-while being part of an increasingly globalised world. So our key questions are about sustainable development and climate We are primarily from Southern countries, but we...

India is the world’s fourth largest emitter of greenhouse gases. Transport contributes 13 % of India’s GHG emissions (MoEF. India: green house gas emissions 2007, Indian Network for Climate Change Assessment (INCCA), Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF). Government of India, New Delhi. Accessed 13 Sept 2013, 2010). Driven by rising population...

Governments worldwide have agreed that international climate policy should aim to limit the increase of global mean temperature to less than 2oC with respect to pre-industrial levels. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the emission reductions and related energy system changes in various countries in pathways consistent with the 2oC target. We...

The economics of climate policy after Rio led to a climate centric paradigm which departs from the original UNFCCC’s cooperative framework for designing climate policies from the perspective of sustainable development. This resulted in a cap-and-trade approach which aims to mitigate the adverse effects on development through appropriate transfers t...

This foreword explains why the success of COP21 is dependent upon its capacity to operate the paradigm shift announced in Cancun. It comes back to the recent history of the Conference of the Parties and shows the reasons for the emergence of the notion of ‘equitable rights to sustainable development (EASD)’ which enlarged the concept of equity beyo...

Rising population, income and urbanization are increasing urban passenger transport demand in India. Energy and emissions intensities associated with conventional transport are no longer sustainable vis-a-vis energy security, air quality and climate change. Cities are seeking transport roadmaps that jointly mitigate these risks. Roadmaps vary acros...

The book summarizes findings of research of 16 country teams on deep decarbonization pathways, aiming at limiting the global warming by 2 degrees Celsius.

This supplementary material contains case studies presenting specific aspects of the DDPP country pathways. They illustrate and complement the cross-cutting analysis included in the 2015 DDPP synthesis report

This letter assesses low carbon scenarios for India at the subnational level in the passenger road transport sector. We estimate the future passenger mobility demand and assess the impact of carbon mitigation policies using the Asia–Pacific Integrated Assessment/Enduse models. This letter focuses on the transitions of energy and emissions of passen...

This report is a part of the global Deep Decarbonisation Pathways (DDP) Project. The analysis consider two development scenarios for India and assess alternate roadmaps for transiting to a low carbon economy consistent with the globally agreed 2°C stabilization target. The report does not consider existence of a reference scenario of a world with u...

Dependence on oil for transport is a concern for India's policymakers on three counts – energy security, local environment and climate change. Rapid urbanisation and accompanying motorisation has created some of the most polluting cities in India and rising demand for oil is leading to higher imports, besides causing more CO2 emissions. The governm...

India has committed large investments to energy infrastructure assets-power plants, refineries, energy ports, pipelines, roads, railways, etc. The coastal infrastructure being developed to meet the rising energy imports is vulnerable to climate extremes. This paper provides an overview of climate risks to energy infrastructures in India and details...

Correspondence to editor: We agree with the editors that the assumptions behind models of all types, including integrated assessment models (IAMs), should be as transparent as possible. The editors were in error, however, when they implied that the IAM community is just “now emulating the efforts of climate researchers by instigating their own mode...

Transformation of Asia's transport sector has vital implications for climate change, sustainable development and energy indicators. Papers in this special issue show how transport transitions in Asia may play out in different socio-economic and policy scenarios, including a low carbon scenario equivalent to 2 °C stabilization. Accounting for hetero...

India’s energy system has evolved around domestic coal, sizable imports of oil and LNG, moderate contribution of hydro power, declining and yet sizable use of traditional biomass as cooking fuel by rural households and growing attention to modern renewable, nuclear and energy efficient technologies. India’s per-capita GHG emissions are below the gl...

The relationship between cities and climate change has been under discussion by researchers and policy makers. It is an accepted fact that cities have a very important role to play in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. This is especially true for rapidly growing cities in developing countries like India where urban population growth, spatial expa...

Projected change in climate in the coming decades adds a layer of complexity in the search for sustainability. Warming temperatures, rising sea levels, changing precipitation patterns and their impacts on natural and human systems could threaten the attainment of development goals. Many countries in Asia and the Pacific are among the most vulnerabl...

The impacts of increasing natural climate disasters are threatening food security in the Asia-Pacific region. Rice is Asia’s most important staple food. Climate variability and change directly impact rice production, through changes in rainfall, temperature and CO2 concentrations. The key for sustainable rice crop is water management. Adaptation ca...

The National Action Plan for Climate Change (NAPCC) of India considers renewable energy as a key thrust area. However, the renewable energy portfolio is diverse and in many contexts different renewable energy forms compete among themselves. This paper focuses on one such renewable energy option, bioenergy, which finds applications in varied energy...

This paper looks into the regional mitigation strategies of five major economies (China, EU, India, Japan, and USA) in the context of the 2°C target, using a multi-model comparison. In order to stay in line with the 2°C target, a tripling or quadrupling of mitigation ambitions is required in all regions by 2050, employing vigorous decarbonization o...

The National Action Plan for Climate Change of India considers renewable energy as a key thrust area. This paper focuses on one such renewable energy source, bioenergy which exists in diverse forms and finds applications in varied energy supply and demand sectors. Two long term scenarios for bioenergy up to 2050, business-as-usual (BAU) and green e...

Gujarat, a large industrialized state in India, consumed 67 TWh of electricity in 2009-10, besides experiencing a 4.5% demand supply short-fall. Residential sector accounted for 15% of the total electricity consumption. We conducted load research survey across 21 cities and towns of the state to estimate residential electricity load curves, share o...

India is witnessing a rapid surge in urban mobility demand as a result of its increasing population, rapid urbanization, rising income levels and the growth and spread of cities. The growth in urban travel demand is majorly driven by cities as LDV sales continue to increase at 26% and the share of two- and four-wheelers in the vehicle mix is increa...

Transport sector's fuel mix which is dominated by the fossil fuel imposes multiple external costs like energy security, air quality and climate change. In this study, alternate future scenarios are designed to explore the transitions of national transport system (till 2050). Several policy options are delineated that would facilitate the sustainabl...

This paper presents a modeling comparison on how stabilization of global climate change at about 2 °C above the pre-industrial level could affect economic and energy systems development in China and India. Seven General Equilibrium (CGE) and energy system models on either the global or national scale are soft-linked and harmonized with respect to p...

This paper presents a modeling comparison on how stabilization of global climate change at about 2 °C above the pre-industrial level could affect economic and energy systems development in China and India. Seven General Equilibrium (CGE) and energy system models on either the global or national scale are soft-linked and harmonized with respect to p...

With increasing population, income, and urbanization, meeting the energy service demands for the building sector will be a huge challenge for Indian energy policy. Although there is broad consensus that the Indian building sector will grow and evolve over the coming century, there is little understanding of the potential nature of this evolution ov...