Priscila G. Brust-Renck

• M.A., Ph.D
• Professor Doutor at Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo

Fuzzy‐trace theory predicts that decisionmakers process numerical information about risk at multiple levels in parallel: the simplest level, nominal (categorical some‐none) gist, and at more fine‐grained levels, involving relative comparison (ordinal less‐more gist) and exact quantities (verbatim representations). However, little is known about how...

A saúde mental dos profissionais de saúde da linha de frente durante a pandemia da Doença Coronavírus-2019 (COVID-19) está relacionada a uma percepção qualitativa de risco sobre a doença, segundo a Teoria do Traço Difuso. Uma pesquisa de levantamento foi realizada com 134 profissionais de saúde da linha de frente em um município da região metropoli...

In this chapter, we review evidence from the human factors literature that verbal and visual formats can help increase the understanding of numerical risk information in health care. These visual representations of risk are grounded in empirically supported theory. As background, we first review research showing that people often have difficulty un...

Children’s experiences while undergoing treatment for chronic diseases (e.g. cancer) may influence their subjective wellbeing. According to design for wellbeing, introducing playful elements to daily activities (e.g. toys) contributes to improvement of positive affect and mitigation of negative affect—thus, improving subjective wellbeing overall. T...

Objetivo: analisar o conhecimento dos indivíduos sobre as vacinas contra a Covid-19 e a credibilidade das informações compartilhadas em mídias sociais. Método: estudo transversal com coleta de dados online. 924 participantes responderam questões sobre intenção vacinal, conhecimentos sobre imunização e credibilidade das mídias sociais. Dividiu-se a...

Objective. Glycemic control is essential for reducing the risks of long-term complications in individuals living with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between glycemic control and demographic, economic, and clinical characteristics, and self-care behaviors for diabetes. Method. A total of 107 people living with...

The development of social skills (SS) and creative potential is of great interest to researchers in educational and organizational contexts. The present study aimed to understand the relationship between SS and the use of creative strategies to solve problems in the work environment of college teachers. The study included 386 faculty members of Bra...

A Síndrome de Burnout (SB) em estudantes é caracterizada como uma resposta ao estressores crônicos vinculados ao papel e às atividades presentes no contexto acadêmico, que causam sérios prejuízos para a saúde física e mental e para o desempenho acadêmico. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar o poder preditivo das variáveis demográficas, acadêmicas,...

A comunicação de más notícias em ambiente hospitalar é uma tarefa difícil em função da complexidade dos casos e ausência de capacitação adequados para realizar esta tarefa. Foram revisados os principais protocolos utilizados para comunicação de más notícias. Adicionalmente, foram avaliados os currículos das atividades acadêmicas com enfoque psicoss...

O custo-benefício da intervenção psicológica no ambiente hospitalar é grande para o sistema de saúde, uma vez que esses pacientes reduzem custos financeiros do atendimento e tem melhor prognóstico após a alta, com maior adesão aos cuidados de saúde pós-operatórios, e menor taxa de retorno para atendimentos adicionais. Apesar do benefício consistent...

Os desafios e as potencialidades de uma realidade hi perconectada numa era de hiperinteligência nos fazem pen sar num outro tipo de docência para o ensino superior e para a pós-graduação, dadas as transformações digitais pelas quais temos passado. Com o objetivo de compreender como formar o professor para a Docência OnLIFE, o percurso da pesquisa-...

O objetivo foi compreender a relação entre aspectos demográficos, econômicos, clínicos e de percepção da doença com o sofrimento mental de 113 adultos com DM1 de 18 anos ou mais. Os participantes responderam questionário online contendo: Diabetes Distress Scale e o Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire. Os resultados de testes de correlação e comp...

A terapia de aceitação e compromisso (ACT) e os cuidados paliativos (CP) parecem coerentes em seus princípios por promoverem qualidade de vida apesar do sofrimento, por focar na aceitação da morte ou de doenças que não podem ser “curadas” e por se estenderem tanto para a população clínica quanto saudável. Pacientes, cuidadores e profissionais da sa...

O número de crianças e adolescentes com câncer ao redor do mundo aumenta a cada ano, afetando diretamente a qualidade de vida do paciente e da família. O objetivo do presente estudo foi compreender a relação entre sofrimento psicológico e qualidade de vida dos pais e cuidadores. Participaram do estudo 21 mães de crianças ou adolescentes que estão e...

Objetivou-se fazer um levantamento de estudos empíricos publicados em 2020 e 2021 direcionados à saúde mental de profissionais da saúde que atuam no contexto hospitalar brasileiro no cenário da COVID-19. Realizou-se uma revisão narrativa avaliando artigos em duas bases de dados nacionais. Selecionaram-se seis artigos, cujos dados foram coletados en...

Resumo A Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) se caracteriza pela alta complexidade, monitoramento contínuo e ininterrupto, destinando-se ao atendimento de pacientes críticos. Comunicar más notícias neste ambiente gera sentimentos intensos para o paciente e seus familiares. O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender como os médicos percebem o processo d...

A obesidade tem causas multifatoriais e a Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental apresenta resultados positivos sobre os aspetos cognitivos, emocionais e comportamentais relativos à perda de peso. Este estudo apresenta uma avaliação preliminar do Programa Cognitivo Comportamental de Educação Alimentar em Grupo (PROMETA). Foi realizado um estudo quantitat...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the Life Skills Promotion Program in Adolescents (PRHAVIDA-Adolescents) on the development of a repertoire of life skills based on the cognitive-behavioral approach. A study was carried out with 78 adolescents (M = 12.47 years; SD = 0.69) to compare the results of the Social Skills Inventory for A...

An increasing number of researches has been focusing on how design can contribute to happiness by trying to increase wellbeing. The focus is providing solutions through design to improve people's lives, thus increasing the appreciation of their lives. The Ebscohost database was systematically searched for relevant publications about design and well...

Resumo O artigo discute a influência do voto do relator na formação da decisão colegiada, considerando as particularidades do modelo de colegialidade adotado pelo direito processual civil brasileiro. A partir da literatura sobre julgamentos colegiados no Brasil e de aportes da Psicologia sobre heurísticas e vieses cognitivos, foi realizado experime...

Purpose We investigate the experience of pediatric oncology patients with objects and equipment involved in laboratory and image exams during hospitalization for cancer treatment while generating guidelines for playful interventions to improve their subjective wellbeing. Method The study was carried out at a public tertiary referral teaching hospi...

Extant literature has increased our understanding of the multifaceted nature of digital technologies; nevertheless, scholars and policymakers still strive to understand their implications for society. On this account, the Network Readiness Index (NRI) emerged as one of the main reports to support governments in leveraging digital technologies for e...

We propose a method to collect data on user requirements of medical equipment shared by different users and services, relate those requirements with the equipment's technical features, and rank the most important features to be considered when procuring the equipment, leading to more effective procurement decision making. Our method is structured i...

Background Cancer care can negatively impact children’s subjective well-being. In this research, well-being refers to patients’ self-perception and encompasses their hospital and care delivery assessment. Playful strategies can stimulate treatment compliance and have been used to provide psychosocial support and health education; they can involve g...

Introduction. Some individuals are more susceptible to recall false information about events that never happened in their life. Nevertheless, there are several factors, such as personality characteristics that appear to be related to the memory performance. Social anxiety also produces memory deficits for events that happen to other people because...

O objetivo geral deste capítulo foi realizar uma revisão narrativa da literatura no que diz respeito a aceitabilidade e as percepções de risco acerca das vacinas, com o foco na vacinação contra a covid-19. Especificamente, este capítulo se propôs a: elucidar, sob uma perspectiva social e antropológica, o surgimento de movimentos antivacina, a incre...

Everyday life is comprised of a series of decisions, from choosing what to wear to deciding what major to declare in college and whom to share a life with. Modern era economic theories were first brought into psychology in the 1950s and 1960s by Ward Edwards and Herbert Simon. Simon suggested that individuals do not always choose the best alternati...

In some projects, professionals face problems in designing a product that force them to deal with uncertainties in a creative way; in others, they follow structured guidelines and rely on preexisting knowledge. In this paper, we map thinking styles (conditional, creative, exploring, independent, inquiring) used by professionals with different acade...

Este artigo foi desenvolvido a partir da percepção de psicólogos sobre a saúde dos trabalhadores da linha de frente, considerando o contexto da pandemia da Doença Coronavírus-2019. A pesquisa, qualitativa e de cunho exploratório, teve o objetivo de compreender as ações de cuidado em saúde mental ofertadas aos trabalhadores da saúde pública, diretam...

The hospital environment may either positively or negatively affect patient experience. The potential of the hospital environment to stimulate children's psychological wellbeing (PWB) is yet to be fully understood. This paper aims to describe how interventions in the hospital may improve the PWB of pediatric patients (including self-acceptance, pos...

Purpose There are no criteria to establish priority for bariatric surgery candidates in the public health system in several countries. The aim of this study is to identify preoperative characteristics that allow predicting the success after bariatric surgery. Materials and Methods Four hundred and sixty-one patients submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric...

O processo de consentimento informado para participação de pesquisa com seres humanos visa fornecer as informações adequadas ao indivíduo possibilitando que este tome a decisão de participar de maneira voluntária, livre de pressões externas. A possibilidade de remuneração poderia interferir na voluntariedade deste processo de consentir. O presente...

Higher numeracy has been associated with decision biases in some numerical judgment‐and‐decision problems. According to fuzzy‐trace theory, understanding such paradoxes involves broadening the concept of numeracy to include processing the gist of numbers—their categorical and ordinal relations—in addition to objective (verbatim) knowledge about num...

Introduction Human-centered approaches to eliciting requirements for medical equipment selection are recognized as improving healthcare outcomes, safety, and end-user satisfaction. Nevertheless, there are many challenges to conducting rigorous investigations to identify requirements that satisfy different hospital services and types of end users (e...

To compare the effectiveness of two Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) interventions-an individual and a group intervention-in Social Anxiety Disorder therapy. We compared the two treatment groups against a waitlist condition in a randomized clinical trial with 86 young adults. The individual CBT intervention was Trial-Based Cognitive Therapy (TBCT...

This research aimed at identifying design opportunities to contribute to the wellbeing of children undergoing cancer treatment, focusing on laboratory and imaging exams. Subjective wellbeing is stimulated by increasing positive affect and minimizing negative affect. Participatory observations were developed with children admitted for oncology treat...

Several statistical-based approaches have been developed to support medical personnel in early breast cancer detection. This article presents a method for feature selection aimed at classifying cases into categories based on patients’ breast tissue measures and protein microarray. The effectiveness of this feature selection strategy was evaluated a...

Fuzzy-Trace Theory (FTT) generalizes research on discourse to predict how health messages can be better understood and remembered, thereby influencing decision making. Applying FTT, BRCA Gist delivers messages interactively through tutorial dialogues and is the first Intelligent Tutoring System designed to help laypeople make sound medical decision...

Abstract This paper aims to evaluate how bra design can trigger positive emotional experiences among users through aesthetic and functional attributes. To achieve this aim, the relationships between women and their favorite bras were investigated, since the users’ preferred products tend to evoke positive experiences. Emotional experiences while us...

A thinking style refers to a person’s preferred way to process and react to different situations. Since they have an impact on performance and should be viewed as fluid, some environments may benefit from specific thinking styles to optimize results and the use of resources. In this paper we present a study indicating which thinking style professio...

Diversos estudos referentes à tomada de decisões permitem observar que profissionais utilizam um dos dois sistemas para definir seus projetos: o racional (sistema inferencial ou analítico que opera através de regras de raciocínio, relativamente livres de emoção) ou experiencial/intuitivo (aprendizagem ou sistema automático que está intimamente asso...

Background False memories are memories of events that never occurred or that occurred, but not exactly as we recall. Events with emotional content are subject to false memories production similar to neutral events. However, individual differences, such as the level of maladjustment and emotional instability characteristics of Social Anxiety Disorde...

The complexity of numerical information about health risks and benefits places demands on people that many are not prepared to meet. For example, much information about health is communicated numerically, such as treatment risks and effectiveness, lifestyle benefits, and the chances of side effects from medication. However, many people — especially...

A incapacidade civil é instituto de proteção da pessoa incapaz. A Convenção sobre os Direitos das Pessoas com Deficiência (CDPD) adotou o modelo social para definir o conceito de deficiência e definiu a mudança do modelo de substituição da vontade pelo modelo de assistência. Com isso, influenciou a legislação interna brasileira, em especial durante...

We discuss how an evidence-based theory of human behavior and decision-making?Fuzzy-Trace Theory (FTT)?can be used to better understand and improve public health and medicine. We present an overview of the theory, describing its core principles as well as illustrative evidence. Applications are discussed in the areas of risk perception, prevention,...

We used Sharable Knowledge Objects (SKOs) to create an Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) grounded in Fuzzy-Trace Theory to teach women about obesity prevention: GistFit, getting the gist of healthy eating and exercise. The theory predicts that reliance on gist mental representations (as opposed to verbatim) is more effective in reducing health risk...

BRCA Gist is an Intelligent Tutoring System that helps women understand issues related to genetic testing and breast cancer risk. In two laboratory experiments and a field experiment with community and web-based samples, an avatar asked 120 participants to produce arguments for and against genetic testing for breast cancer risk. Two raters assessed...

As predicted by fuzzy-trace theory, people with a range of training—from untrained adolescents to expert physicians—are susceptible to biases and errors in judgment and perception of HIV-AIDS risk. To explain why this occurs, we introduce fuzzy-trace theory as a theoretical perspective that describes these errors to be a function of knowledge defic...

The BRCA Gist tutor helps women understand and make decisions about genetic testing and breast cancer risk. Women were randomly assigned to BRCA Gist, a control, or impoverished BRCA Gist conditions. Differences inknowledge and risk assessment demonstrate the efficacy of gist explanation dialogues.

The intelligent tutoring system (ITS) BRCA Gist is a Web-based tutor developed using the Shareable Knowledge Objects (SKO) platform that uses latent semantic analysis to engage women in natural-language dialogues to teach about breast cancer risk. BRCA Gist appears to be the first ITS designed to assist patients' health decision making. Two studies...

. Many healthy women consider genetic testing for breast cancer risk, yet BRCA testing issues are complex. . To determine whether an intelligent tutor, BRCA Gist, grounded in fuzzy-trace theory (FTT), increases gist comprehension and knowledge about genetic testing for breast cancer risk, improving decision making. . In 2 experiments, 410 healthy u...

According to fuzzy trace theory, individuals rely on two memory representations of information to make judgments and decisions –verbatim representations, which are detailed and specific, and gist representations, which are meaningful and intuitive. Fuzzy trace theory posits a third process of monitoring and inhibition, which allows for improved dec...

Every day thousands of individuals need to make critical decisions about their health based on numerical information, yet recent surveys have found that over half the population of the United States is unable to complete basic math problems. How does this lack of numerical ability (also referred to as low numeracy, quantitative illiteracy or statis...

Purpose: Previous experiments demonstrated the efficacy of the BRCA Gist Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) in helping women understand and make decisions about genetic testing for breast-cancer risk. The purpose of this experiment was to understand which aspects of BRCA Gist are responsible for particular outcomes, shedding light on cognitive mecha...

O presente trabalho visa compreender os processos relacionados à crença na memória (juntamente com sua autoeficácia) e ao real desempenho da memória ao longo do desenvolvimento, bem como da produção de falsas memórias (i.e., lembranças de eventos que, na realidade, não ocorreram). A amostra foi composta por 82 adultos, com idade entre 30 e 35 anos,...

Studies on emotional memory for complex events suggest that arousal enhances long-term memory for central and peripheral information. Few studies, however, have addressed arousal effect on memory distortion. Aiming to investigate the relationship between arousal and true/false memories for central and peripheral information, a recognition test was...

Apresenta-se neste artigo uma revisão crítica da literatura sobre métodos de pesquisa em Psicologia com uma orientação para estudos de consumo, acompanhada de exemplos da prática profissional dos autores junto a empresas que investigam o comportamento dos consumidores. A realidade de mercado exige que o pesquisador saiba escolher e empregar o métod...

The present paper presents a critical review of the literature about research methods in psychology with a focus on consumer studies, followed by examples of the professional practice of the authors in consumer behavior research. The market reality urges the researcher to be able to choose and make use of the most appropriate method to solve the re...

The present study aims to understand the processes related to how good one’s memory is (along with its self -efficacy) and the actual memory performance throughout human development, as well as false memories’ production (i.e., remembering events that did not actually occur). The experiment was conducted with 82 young adult participants, with ages...

Studies on emotional memory for complex events suggest that arousal enhances long-term memory for central and peripheral information. Few studies, however, have addressed arousal effect on memory distortion. Aiming to investigate the relationship between arousal and true/false memories for central and peripheral information, a recognition test was...

Purpose: To test the efficacy of an expanded version of the BRCA Gist Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) designed to help women understand and make decisions about genetic testing for breast-cancer risk with a broader range of participants recruited on the web, in local communities, and at two universities. Methods: This interactive tutorial guide...

This study extends scientific evidence on the susceptibility of distorted memories by assessing false memories (remembering events that did not actually occur) in emotionally arousing complex events. The experiment was conducted with 380 participants, aged between 17 and 45 years. The South Brazilian version of Cahill and McGaugh's Slideshow Proced...

Pervasive biases in probability judgment render the probability scale a poor response mode for assessing risk judgments. By applying fuzzy trace theory, we used ordinal gist categories as a response mode, coupled with a signal detection model to assess risk judgments. The signal detection model is an extension of the familiar model used in binary c...

The goal of intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) that interact in natural language is to emulate the benefits that a well-trained human tutor provides to students, by interpreting student answers and appropriately responding in order to encourage elaboration. BRCA Gist is an ITS developed using AutoTutor Lite, a Web-based version of AutoTutor. Fuzzy-...

Research on mnemonic distortions has increased among researchers worldwide. However, the relation between the mechanisms responsible for memory distortions and individual differences that influence memory performance is still to be investigated. The present study aims to investigate the influence of personality traits in the susceptibility to false...

Purpose: To develop and test the efficacy of a web-based Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) based on fuzzy-trace theory (FTT) that engages women in a tutorial dialogue to help them understand and make decisions about genetic testing for breast cancer risk. Methods: This interactive tutorial of about one hour appears to be the first use of an ITS i...

Purpose: Develop an instrument using Multiple Signal Detection (MSD) measuring how people assess genetic breast cancer risk. Methods: Widespread innumeracy creates problems when people estimate risk as probabilities. This technique asks people to make simple, ordinal "gist" assessments of low (L), medium (M), or high (H) risk. The model provides...

The impact of emotion on memory performance is widely debated in the scientific literature. In the present paper, the relation between emotion and memory was addressed in three experiments using the Slideshow Procedure. In the first experiment, 128 participants' memory was tested for one of two versions of the Procedure (arousal or neutral) through...

The boundaries of human rationality are deeply explored in the current literature in Psychology. In the field of Design, when the topic is raised among the scientific community, the discussion is focused on the design process. In order to promote a broader discussion related to the topic, this paper aimed at investigating bounded rationality in hum...

Na literatura corrente da área da Psicologia muito é explorado em relação aos limites da racionalidade humana. No Design, as discussões sobre o tema, quando presentes no meio acadêmico, concentram-se no processo de projeto. A fim de ampliar tal debate, o presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir o caráter limitadamente racional das decisões humana...

Resumo Na literatura corrente da área da Psicologia muito é explorado em relação aos limites da racionalidade humana. No Design, as discussões sobre o tema, quando presentes no meio acadêmico, concentram-se no processo de projeto. A fim de ampliar tal debate, o presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir o caráter limitadamente racional das decisões...

O impacto da emoção no desempenho da memória é amplamente discutido na literatura científica. No presente trabalho, a relação entre memória e emoção foi investigada em três experimentos por meio do Procedimento de Apresentação de Slides. No primeiro experimento, a memória de 128 participantes foi testada por meio de um teste de recordação livre par...

The current essay aimed to investigate the susceptibility of children to memory distortion by assessing false memories, which are the remembrance of events which actually did not occur. Memory performance was evaluated in 57 school and preschool children through the presentation of a series of simple sentences that represent children’s daily life....

This article aims to analyze the epistemological basis of Cognitive Experimental Psychology. Initially, some of the presuppositions of cognitive psychology within the realm of cognitive science and its relation to cognitivism will be discussed. Secondly, the relation between historical aspects and theoretical presuppositions are considered. In ligh...

The present paper proposes a literature review about the framing effect on decision making. The framing effect refers to the belief that people answer in distinct ways to different descriptions of the same problem. Thus, the article begins exploring the rise of the prospect theory, responsible for the studies of the framing effect, regarding the di...

O presente trabalho visa fornecer evidências científicas da susceptibilidade das memórias a distorção através do estudo das falsas memórias (lembranças de eventos que, na realidade, não ocorreram) para situações emocionalmente carregadas. Foi usada a versão brasileira dos instrumentos e procedimentos de Cahill, Prins, Weber, e McGaugh e adaptada po...

The current essay forwards scientific evidence on the susceptibility of distorted memories by assessing false memories (remembrance of events which actually did not occur) in emotionally arousing situations. The Brazilian version of the Cahill, Prins, Weber and McGaugh's instruments and procedures adapted by Neufeld, Brust and Stein on the evaluati...