Prapulla Siddalingaiya

• Central Food Technological Research Institute

Neurodegenerative sicknesses, viz., Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia, and the spinocerebellar ataxias pose a significant risk to human well-being. These disorders are known to progress inexorably to severe inability and death. Presently, about 30 million people in...

Exposure to chemicals that are commonly distributed in the environment and work-related surroundings may have deleterious effects to the nervous system. Acrylamide (ACR) is a well-known neurotoxin with multiple chemical and industrial applications. ACR exposure is attributed to oxidative stress and is known to cause neurotoxic effect by altering br...

The draft genome sequence of Lactobacillus plantarum Kanjika 2007, isolated from the South Indian staple, medicinal, and traditional food kanjika, is reported here. The whole genome consists of 3.16 Mb with a G+C content of 44.7% and 3,009 protein-coding genes, 78 tRNAs, and 4rRNAs (5S-23S-16S).

Isomaltooligosaccharides (IMO) was produced from starch rich broken rice (BR) and potato processing waste (PPW). IMO from BR consisted of 14.15 ± 0.87 g/L isomaltose (DP2), 4.24 ± 0.18 g/L maltotriose (DP3), 38.13 ± 0.58 g/L panose (DP3), 1.98 ± 0.11 g/L isomaltotriose (DP3), 14.57 ± 0.59 g/L tetrasaccharides (DP4) and 11.51 ± 0.03 g/L pentasacchar...

Isomaltooligosaccharide (IMO), a well-known prebiotic, was produced from starch by a novel approach of simultaneous saccharification and transglucosylation (SST). The dosage of enzyme mixture consisting of Fungamyl 800L, for saccharification and α-glucosidase, for transglucosylation was optimized by Nelder-Mead simplex algorithm. The optimal condit...

Accumulating evidence suggests that probiotic bacteria play a vital role in modulating various aspects integral to health and well-being of humans. In the present study, probiotic attributes, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuromodulatory potential of Enterococcus faecium (EF) CFR 3003 were investigated by employing suitable model systems. EF e...

Prebiotic oligosaccharides are demonstrated to confer a wide spectrum of physiological benefits during pregnancy. In view of this, focused attempts are being directed towards understanding their role as modulators of brain chemistry and behavior. Epidemiological studies have identified that exposure to neurotoxins during prenatal/early life can pro...

##Assembly-Data-START## Sequencing Technology :: Sanger dideoxy sequencing ##Assembly-Data-END##

##Assembly-Data-START## Sequencing Technology :: Sanger dideoxy sequencing ##Assembly-Data-END##

Enzymatic process of isomaltooligosaccharides (IMO) production from maltose was investigated using in-house produced α-glucosidase from Aspergillus niger PFS 08. A reaction mechanism involving fourteen separate enzymatic steps was formulated towards the production of series of higher sugars (DP≥3) contributing to net IMO. The kinetics involving Mic...

In the present study, the in vitro probiotic properties and molecular characterization (16S rRNA gene sequencing) of L. plantarum MCC2034, a lactic acid bacterium (LAB) isolated from Takrarista, traditionally used for the treatment of various gastro-intestinal maladies are presented. The isolate under study has been proved to be a potent producer o...

Key nutritional factors were optimized for the maximum production of transgalactosylating β-galactosidase from Lactobacillus plantarum MCC2156. Galactose, yeast extract, sodium acetate and manganese sulphate were the most important nutrients affecting β-galactosidase production. Maximum β-galactosidase production (3015 miller units) was obtained by...

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) production by free and Ca-alginate encapsulated cells of Enterococcus faecium CFR 3003 was investigated. Mass transfer rates characterizing the GABA production process using encapsulated cells were investigated. Experiments were performed to investigate external film and internal pore diffusion mass transfer rates. Th...

In the present study, a kinetic and thermodynamic model for production of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) using Enterococcus faecium CFR 3003 is proposed. Differential production of GABA in complex-minimal media indicated that the minimal medium (Modified TYG: Tryptone, Yeast extract and Glucose) supported the highest production of GABA. The influen...

Fructooligosaccharide (FOS) finds its applications as an alternative sweetener in powder form. The effect of different process parameters (feed concentration, feed flow rate, inlet air temperature), different additives (maltodextrin, gums, starch), and anticaking agents (in different combinations and concentrations) during spray drying were investi...

The study details the investigations on the ability of Lactobacillus plantarum CFR 2194, an isolate from kanjika, a rice-based ayurvedic fermented product, to produce biosurfactant. Surfactant production, as a function of fermentation time, indicates that the maximum production occurred at 72 h under stationary conditions. Isolation, partial purifi...

Permeabilized probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum was used as a source of β-galactosidase for the synthesis of galactooligosaccharides (GOS) from lactose. β-galactosidase activity was highest when galactose (1,724 Miller Units) was used as a carbon source compared to lactose, sucrose or glucose at 37 °C, 18 h. Permeabilized cells had the highest tran...

Functional properties of the Lactobacillus fermentum CFR 2195, isolated from healthy infant feces have been evaluated. The adherence of L. fermentum to HT-29 and Caco-2 cell-lines were found to be 197.66 ± 15.62 and 100.33 ± 15.69 per 100 cells, respectively. The effect of different concentrations of FOS (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5%) on the growth...

Lactic cultures were screened for their ability to accumulate γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the culture medium. Lactobacillus bulgaricus CFR 2028 produced the highest yields of GABA (22.7 mM) from the substrate monosodium glutamate (MSG). Instrumental characterization by high-performance liquid chromatography and structural characterization by mass...

The effect of a prebiotic (fructooligosaccharides) or a synbiotic components (prebiotic and probiotic) on the viability, proteolysis and antioxidant properties of probiotic and synbiotic yogurt during 28 days of storage at 4 °C has been investigated. Yogurt starters in conjunction with either probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum CFR 2194, Lac...

Prebiotic Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) escape metabolism in upper GI tract undergo microbial metabolism in colon and thereby influence the nature, type and number of intestinal microbiota to improve host's health. The present study focuses on the ability of Lactobacillus plantarum CFR 2194 to utilize FOS as a selective carbon and energy source. The...

Xylooligosaccharides (XOS), a potential prebiotic exhibits important technological characteristics and interesting nutritional properties. The major fraction in XOS produced enzymatically from corncob was characterised as β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1,4)-d-xylanopyranose (xylobiose) using 13C and 2D-HSQC NMR. The use of this XOS as a prebiotic in idli, a ce...

Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) have great prebiotic potential and can be incorporated into many food products. XOS seem to exert their nutritional benefits in various animal species, which by definition have an intestinal tract populated by a complex, bacterial intestinal ecosystem. The production of XOS on an industrial scale is carried out from ligno...

Gulab jamun, a poplar milk-based traditional Indian sweet, is prepared by deep-frying balls of dough in oil, followed by dipping them in sugar syrup. Suitability of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and FOS-sucrose blend over sucrose and its effects on color, textural, sensory and microbiological attributes of gulab jamun were investigated. FOS and FOS-...

The beneficial influences of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) obtained from alkali-pretreated corncob and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) obtained from cane sugar were evaluated in experimental diabetes. These oligosaccharides were supplemented at 10 % (w/w) in the basal diet of streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats, while the control rats were fed...

Study focuses on the isolation and characterization of Lactic acid bacteria ( LAB) from breast fed infants fecal flora. The viability of two selected strains (F-03 and F-17) under acidic condition, synthetic stomach juice (pH 2.5) and in the presence or absence of 0.3% ox bile (pH 6.5) was studied. F-03 & F-17 showed lower viability after 240 minut...

Vitamin B(12) was produced by probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum in submerged fermentation (96 h) with successive anaerobic and aerobic phases of 48 h each to give 13 ng vitamin B(12)/g dry biomass. Sodium cyanide-mediated cell lysis, followed by benzyl alcohol/chloroform/water extraction, improved the release of intracellular vitamin B(12) for anal...

Effect of different cryoprotectants on acid/bile tolerance, β-galactosidase activity, and cholesterol assimilation properties of freeze dried Pediococcus acidilactici, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus salivarius were evaluated. The retention of probiotic properties and viability of the above three cultures freeze dried with lactose, skimm...

Fortification of selected fruit juice beverages (Pineapple, Mango and Orange juice) with fructooligosaccharides (FOSs), a low calorie prebiotic has been discussed. Results indicated that sucrose which is usually used as a sweetener in fruit juice beverages can be partially substituted with FOS without significantly affecting the overall quality. Th...

The effect of spray drying on the viability and retention of key probiotic properties like acid and bile tolerance and cholesterol assimilation of three probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) (Lactobacillus plantarum CFR 2191, Lactobacillus salivarius CFR 2158 and Pediococcus acidilactici CFR 2193) has been studied. More than 97% survival was exhibit...

Value addition of spent osmotic sugar solution (SOS) obtained after the osmotic dehydration of carrot cubes using 60 °Bx sucrose solution has been studied. Two sets of experiments, one with the use of fresh carrots in every cycle of osmotic dehydration (3 h) and in the other set, carrots of previous cycle were reused in successive cycles, were carr...

Comparison of various pretreatments such as mild alkali/acid treatments and pressure cooking of corncob to expose its lignin-saccharide complex has been carried out to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis of xylan to xylooligosaccharides (XOS). Scanning electron micrographs of lignin-saccharide complex of native and pretreated corncob powder showed that th...

Eight different fungi were cultivated in a peptone-yeast extract medium containing 1% oat spelt xylan (OSX) to evaluate endo-1,4-beta-xylanase secretion for xylooligosaccharide (XOS) production. Aspergillus oryzae MTCC 5154, Aspergillus flavus , Aspergillus niger , and Aspergillus ochraceus showed significant titers of endoxylanases, which were fur...

Fructooligosaccharides (FOSs) were prepared from sucrose using fungal fructosyl transferase (FTase) obtained from Aspergillus oryzae MTCC 5154. The resulting mixture consisted of glucose (28-30%), sucrose (18-20%) and fructooligosaccharides (50-54%) as indicated by HPLC analysis. Identification of oligomers present in the mixture of fructooligosacc...

In experimental investigations on the improvement of yields and productivities of lipids from oleaginous micro-organisms in fermenters, a bottleneck is the speedy determination of the extent of accumulation of the intracellular lipids. The use of Sudan Black B for staining and direct observation under the microscope enables the rapid observation of...

Studies on the rheology of Streptomyces fradiae ScF-5 in a 10-dm3 submerged fermenter for the production of intracellular glucose isomerase revealed that the apparent viscosity of the broth increased with increase in cell density up to 24 h and then declined while the density of the broth remained constant. The plot of shear stress versus shear rat...

Aureobasidium pullulans has been a major source of fructosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.9) for the production of fructooligosaccharides from sucrose. The organism is known to produce both intra and extra cellular FTase. The present study examines the effect of ultrasonication on the release of FTase from A. pullulans CFR 77, and subsequently on the enzym...

The intracellular fructosyltransferase (FTase) of a novel strain of Aureobasidium pullulans (CFR 77) capable of producing 59% of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) within 9 h of reaction time was obtained by wet-milling, and then purified and characterized. The purified FTase revealed 2 bands of 147 and 170 KD; its activity was optimum at an approximate...

A twin inhibition is observed tor the esterification reaction between ethanol and isovaleric acid using immobilized lipase from Rhizomucor miehei in hexane and in mixed solvent system. The observed bi-substrate inhibition pattern follows a Ping-Pong Bi-Bi mechanism with dead-end inhibition of enzyme by both the substrates. An increase in K m value...

This review focuses on the recent developments in the area of FOS research—its microbial production, functional properties and applications and an overview of the different analytical methods for the determination of the FTase. Different microbial sources of FTase reported in literature to produce FOS with different linkages to form 1-kestose, 6-ke...

Newer processing technologies like infrared, microwave processing are being harnessed to optimize the processes to ensure minimum loss of the vital nutrients in processed foods. Vitamin C is an important nutrient known for its potential antioxidant, anticancerous and other health promoting properties. Orange juice is a very popular and rich source...

The production of Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) was carried out by applying two stage continuous process. In the first stage Fructosyl Transferase (FTase) from Aspergillus oryzae CFR 202 was grown in sucrose containing medium. In the second stage the enzyme was used to produce FOS with sucrose as the substrate. Though, the processes were two stage,...

Fructooligosaccharide (FOS) production was carried out using fructosyl transferase (FTase) produced by Aspergillus oryzae CFR 202 under submerged fermentation conditions. The pellets of A. oryzae CFR 202 obtained after 48 h of fermentation were supplemented with fresh media after every 24 h and fermentation was carried out to produce FTase. FTase s...

Fructosyl transferase (FTase) production by Aspergillus oryzae CFR 202 was carried out by solid-state fermentation (SSF), using various agricultural by-products like cereal bran, corn products, sugarcane bagasse,cassava bagasse (tippi) and by-products of coffee and tea processing. The FTase produced was used for the production of fructo-oligosaccha...

Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) can be produced by the action of fructosyl transferases from plants and microorganisms. The production of FOS was attempted using culture fluid, cells and culture broth homogenate from Aspergillus oryzae CFR 202 and Aureobasidium pullulans CFR 77 using different concentrations of sucrose as substrate. The maximum yield...

Immobilized lipase from Rhizomucor miehei (Lipozyme IM-20) was used to catalyze the esterification reaction between isovaleric acid and ethanol to synthesize ethyl isovalerate in n-hexane. Response surface methodology based on five-level four-variable central composite rotatable design was employed to optimize four important reaction variables such...

Summary Enzymatic synthesis of ethyl hexanoate by means of an acyl transfer reaction has been studied by using an immobilized Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML). The effect of reaction parameters on ester synthesis has been investigated. Rhizomucor miehei lipase showed more specificity than other lipases when ethyl hexanoate was synthesized in n-hexane...

Oligosaccharides are functional food ingredients, which are known to have great potential to improve the quality of many foods, Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) can be produced by the action of fructosyl transferases (FTases) from plants and microorganisms. A few fungal strains were screened for fructosyl transferase activity. Fructosyl transferase was...

The influence of water activity on the synthesis of butyl butyrate by transesterification reaction (alcoholysis) using lipases from different sources was studied. A direct relationship between water activity (aw) and reaction rate was observed. The lipases exhibited an independent water activity profile for maximum transesterification rate. Maximum...

Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) have been produced from sucrose by the action of a microbial fructosyl transferase (FTase). The influence of nutritional parameters on FTase production and the reaction conditions on FOS production by Aspergillus oryzae CFR 202 were studied using Plackett-Burman design. Sixteen variables including eight media ingredient...

Immobilized lipase from Rhizomucor miehei (Lipozyme IM-20) was employed in the esterification of isovaleric acid and isoamyl alcohol to synthesize isoamyl isovalerate in n-heptane. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on a five-level, five-variable central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was used to evaluate the effects of important variables...

Synthesis of isoamyl isovalerate, an apple flavour ester, in n-hexane using immobilized lipase from Rhizomucor miehei has been carried out. Artificial Neural Network based model has been used to arrive at the ideal combination of parameters for maximization of yields. Considering the least possible percentage error of the trained model, the effect...

The effects of important reaction parameters for enhancing isoamyl acetate formation through lipase-catalyzed esterification of isoamyl alcohol were investigated in this study. Increase in substrate (acid) concentration led to decrease in conversions. A critical enzyme concentration of 3 g l(-1) was detected for a substrate concentration of 0.06 M...

Immobilized lipase from Rhizomucor miehei (Lipozyme IM-20) was used for the synthesis of isobutyl isobutyrate by direct esterification of isobutyric acid and isobutyl alcohol. Response surface methodology based on a five-variable central composite rotatable design was used to determine the effect of solvent (logP ranging from 0.49 to 4.5), acid con...

Isoamyl isovalerate, an ester with apple flavour was synthesized using Rhizomucor miehei lipase immobilized on a weak anion-exchange resin (Lipozyme IM-20) by the direct esterification of isoamyl alcohol and isovaleric acid. Various reaction parameters including substrate concentration, enzyme concentration, substrate molar ratio, temperature and i...

Isoamyl butyrate, an important fruity flavor ester, was synthesized using Rhizomucor miehei lipase immobilized on a weak anion exchange resin (Lipozyme IM-20) by the esterification of isoamyl alcohol and butyric acid. The effects of various reaction parameters such as substrate and enzyme concentrations, substrate molar ratio, temperature and incub...

The lactone 6-pentyl-α-pyrone has a characteristic coconut aroma and is produced by Trichoderma species. A study on the fermentative production of 6-pentyl-α-pyrone in both surface and submerged conditions by Trichoderma harzianum was carried out. Maximum concentrations of 455 mg/l and 167 mg/l after 96 h and 48 h of fermentation in surface and sub...

Immobilized lipase from Mucor miehei was employed for the esterification of isoamyl alcohol with acetic acid in n-heptane solvent. The important process variables studied were enzyme/substrate (E/S) ratio, alcohol (acid) concentration, and incubation period. Based on Box-Behnken design of experiments, a second order response function was developed....

Oligosaccharides have emerged as functional foods with varied applications in response to an increasing consumer demand for healthier foods. The functional properties of oligosaccharides make them unique in food applications, and their popularity and demand is continually increasing. Oligosaccharides are classically defined as glycosides that conta...

Plackett-Burman design was used to efficiently select important media components influencing lactic acid production in a two step screening procedure. A total of 36 screening experiments were conducted for studying the effect of various media components such as carbon and nitrogen (simple and complex) sources, minerals/buffering agents and a specif...

In this study, an attempt has been made to maximize the lipid production using response surface methodology (RMS). Levels of nitrogen, carbon, and inoculum were chosen as factors. The results indicated that inoculum level was very important in lipid production, followed by carbon and nitrogen levels. At higher levels of inoculum, the strain was fou...

Fermentative production of 6-pentyl-α-pyrone, a lactone with a characteristic coconut aroma, by Trichoderma viride is described. The concentration of 6-pentyl-α-pyrone reached a maximum of 90–110 ppm after 120 h of fermentation when it showed an inhibitory effect causing no further production of the α-pyrone. The use of Amberlite XAD-2 for alleviat...

Neural networks were compared to factorial experiments as techniques for designing fermentation media. The production of intracellular oil byRhodotorula gracilis (Rhodosporidium toruloides) was used as a model system. Investigating three factors, the molasses, ammonium nitrate and yeast extract concentrations, each at three concentrations, 27 exper...

A rapid and sensitive method has been developed for the estimation of intracellular lipids accumulated in oleaginous yeast cells. The cells are stained with Sudan Black B and the absorbance is measured at 580 nm using unstained cells as control. A linear relationship is observed between the absorbance and the lipid concentration in the fermentation...

Comprehensive studies of pure colonies of Streptomyces fradiae in the production of xylose isomerase by submerged fermentation at shake flask level revealed poor culture stability with respect to enzyme production, biomass formation, degree of pigmentation, quantity of glucose and xylose utilization, level of enzyme in cell-free culture broth and f...

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from Kanjika was phenotypically and genotypically characterized as Lactobacillus fermentum and its probiotic properties were evaluated in vitro. Preparation of concentrated starter cultures via freeze drying and spray drying is of practical importance to dairy and food industries. This work involved the study of...