Prakash Katakam

• Ph.D., M.Pharm, PGDMM, FABAP, FAPAS
• Professor at Indira College of Pharmacy

Space exploration has undergone a paradigm shift in recent years, with a growing emphasis on long-duration missions and human habitation on other celestial bodies. Private aerospace businesses are at the forefront of advancing the next iteration of spacecraft, encompassing a wide range of applications such as deep space exploration (e.g., SpaceX) a...

Objective: A dry powder inhalation of tetanus toxoid and mannitol was prepared and evaluated for stability and its immunogenicity in comparison to the conventional TT vaccine. Material and Method: TT and mannitol dry powder inhalation was prepared and evaluated for particle size analysis, FTIR, flow properties, encapsulation efficiency, flocculatio...

This work aims to develop a chemometric-assisted, stability-indicating reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method, optimized by a combined D-optimal design approach of response surface methodology, for simultaneous quantitation of resorcinol, p-phenylenediamine, and m-aminophenol in cosmetic hair dyes. The reversed-phase high-perf...

High-performance polyether ether ketone (PEEK) thermoplastic is considered to be one of the most desirable materials for its intended biomedical implications, including oral implantology, prosthodontics, dental implants, and orthopaedics. Therefore, the processing of PEEK through material extrusion (ME) as a 3D printing process has been preferred d...

Objectives This review provides a detailed review of the treatment of obesity with natural products that are formulated as phytosomes. When novel drug delivery technology is used instead of traditional drug delivery in herbal medicine, side effects are reduced while safety and efficacy are improved.This article provides information about obesity al...

This work aims to develop a chemometric-assisted, stability-indicating reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method, optimized by a combined D-optimal design approach of response surface methodology, for simultaneous quantitation of resorcinol, p-phenylenediamine, and m-aminophenol in cosmetic hair dyes. The reversed-phase high-perf...

HOW TO CITE THIS Assaleh et al. (2022) Rapid roadside drug testing in saliva using in vitro tongue. Mediterr J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2 (4): 13-24. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7479700. Abstract: The propagation of using drugs on the road was the main reason for focusing on the development of the rapid methods which are used to detect the presence of d...

Background The study aims to develop a chemometrics optimized D-optimal mixture design approach assisted RP- HPLC method for the determination of pesticide residues of metsulfuron-methyl, chlorantraniliprole, and chlorimuron-ethyl in the stems of Oryza sativa . Chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18 column using a mobile phase consisting...

The objective of this work was to develop sustained-release Ca-alginate beads of apigenin using sodium alginate, a natural polysaccharide. Six batches were prepared by applying the ionotropic gelation technique, wherein calcium chloride was used as a crosslinking agent. The beads were evaluated for particle size, drug loading, percentage yield, and...

This review was aimed to describe a new approach of healthcare performance strategy based on individual genetic variants. Personalized medicine is a model for health care which is a combination of preventive, personalized, participatory and predictive measures. It is an approach for a better treatment by identifying the disease causing genomics mak...

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, well known as COVID-19 has become the current health distress to the entire world. In the pandemic scenario the research on the rapid development of new drug molecules is highly risky and tedious process. The current COVID-19 emergency demands an urgent development of possible strategies to prote...

http://dx.doi.org/10.22376/ijpbs/ijlpr/SP10/Jan/2020.1-881 Nanorobots (Nanobots) have the advantages of small size, low weight, large thrust-to-weight ratio, high flexibility, and high sensitivity. Due to the characteristics distinguishing from macroscopic robots, nanorobots have stimulated the research interest of the scientific community and ope...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the simulation of human behavior in relation to the processes of intelligence involved in problem solving. Such mechanisms include human cognitive science reading, observation, preparation, interpretation, reasoning, correction, speech recognition, linguistics, and other sources. AI simplifies tasks by making machine...

In present study periodontal films of curcumin were devised and evaluated for faster on set of action using hydrophilic polymers, HPMC E5, HPMC E 15 and PVP K90. Periodontal films were prepared by employing solvent casting method. Propylene glycol was selected as permeation enhancer and plasticizer. Formulations were prepared with the varying conce...

The present study aims to the formulation and evaluation of novel oral mucoadhesive multiple-unit mini patches (MMMP) of lansoprazole (LAN) for extended release. MMMP of LAN in enteric coated capsules were prepared and evaluated using chitosan in combination with xanthan gum, guar gum, tragacanth or acacia in the ratios of 19:1, 9:1, 4:1, 1.5:1 and...

Plant bioactives have a great role in combating multifactorial disease conditions like metabolic syndrome (MetS). This research work aims to develop a standardized plant extract combination and formulate it to tablets with nutraceutical potentials. The extract was prepared from the bark powder of Ficus religiosa, seed powder of Syzigium cumini and...

Periodontal diseases are termed as the infections of the structures around the teeth, which include gums, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. In the primitive stages it affects gums called as gingivitis, in the advanced stages, it affects other tissues also. The results of conventional methods of treatment are not satisfactory because of limita...

This research article aims to establish the intake ratio of probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum 299v with iron supplement pearl millet by central composite design of response surface methodology so as to enhance iron absorption. In anemic rat models, the food intake pattern, body weight, hemoglobin content, and hematocrit values were found to be sign...

In the current study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were biosynthesised by microwave irradiation using Azadirachta indica. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band at 408 nm at UV-visible spectroscopy due to reduction of silver metal into (AgNPs) and further confirmed its particles in nano range. Nine different sm...

In the current study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were biosynthesised by microwave irradiation using Azadirachta indica. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band at 408 nm at UV-visible spectroscopy due to reduction of silver metal into (AgNPs) and further confirmed its particles in nano range. Nine different sm...

A simple, sensitive liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of sparfloxacin and dexamethasone sodium phosphate in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations. Optimum separation was achieved in less than 10 min using a C18 column (250 mmx4.6 mm i.d, 5μ particle size) by isocratic elution. The mobile phase...

This article reports the formulation and quality evaluations of tulsi tea tablets prepared for better applicability. Tulsi-tea extracts (TTE) were prepared by mixing black tea: tulsi in the w/w ratios of 70:30 and tablets were formulated by a combination of wet granulation and direct compression. Micromeritic properties of the powder blend of TTE a...

Tea is a very popular commercial crop and India is the world's largest consumer of tea in the world and the second largest producer of tea. Black tea is mostly preferred in Indian context and its multifaceted health benefits are being largely explored. This research article made a comparative study of antioxidant, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic eff...

Objectives: objective of present research was to formulate and evaluate nanospheres of selected anticancer drugs, viz., Capecitabine (CPN), Tamoxifen (TAM) and Doxorubicin (DXO). The adverse effects associated with anticancer drugs which include are bone-marrow depression, cardio toxicity, diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting, stomatitis and dermatitis....

Topical application of drug prevents several drug interactions and lozenge is a better delivery system as the effective concentration of drug can be maintained in the oral cavity for a more prolonged period of time. The aim of study was to develop and evaluate fluconazole lozenges for topical therapy of oropharyngeal candidiasis. The current invest...

A New, Simple, Accurate And Sensitive UV-Spectrophotometric Method has been developed for simultaneous determination of Methyldopa And Hydrochlorothiazide(HCTZ) in bulk And combined dosage form .Method A is AUC method, which involved measurement of area between 276-286nm and 266-276nm for the estimation of MD and HCTZ respectively. Method B Applied...

Background: This work reports the safety profiling, in vivo hypoglycemic and pharmacokinetic studies of three phytoceuticals viz. conventional and sustained release tablets and microspheres each containing a polyherbal product phytocomposite (PHC) as the active ingredient. PHC is prepared from the leaf extracts of Ficus benghalensis: Syzigium cumi...

ackground: Currency is a public support tool for exchange of commodity and services. It's prevalent practice for acquiring bread to broast and bath to bed has connected all human being together irrespective of race and occupation. Currency notes along with their denomination values also carry pathogens if contaminated and will act as an agent for i...

This study reports the development of solid oral phytoceutical formulations with Phytocomposite (PHC), an antidiabetic poly herbal preparation as the active core material. Spherical, monolithic PHC microspheres of size range (10 -100 µm) were obtained with Hausner ratio, Carr’s index and angle of repose of 1.141± 0.010, 12.418±0.769 and 25.17±0.96...

Background: The world has witnessed growing complexities in disease scenario influenced by the drastic changes in host-pathogen- environment triadic relation. Pharmaceutical R&Ds are in constant search of novel therapeutic entities to hasten transition of drug molecules from lab bench to patient bedside. Extensive animal studies and human pharmaco...

This study reports the identification and characterization of pharmacologically active compounds present in a polyherbal product phytocomposite (PHC) prepared from the leaf powders of Ficus benghalensis (Banyan), Syzigium cumini (Jamun) and Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) and explore the binding affinities of the compounds in PHC in inhibiting α-amylase and...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical and pharmaceutical parameters in order to confirm the bioequivalence of the generic formulation available in Saudi Arabia with that of innovator 500 mg ciprofloxacin tablets. Assessment was done based on the compendia Physicochemical, pharmaceutical and microbiological parameters. Three sele...

Microspheres containing Pioglitazone hydrochloride were prepared by the ionotropic external gelation method, using sodium alginate with four mucoadhesive polymers namely sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, carbopol 934 P and cellulose acetate phthalate as coat materials. Ionotropic gelation is a method to prepare micro...

Background: Tulsi, Banyan, and Jamun are popular Indian medicinal plants with notable hypoglycemic potentials. Now the work reports chemo-profiling of the three species with in-vitro screening approach for natural enzyme inhibitors (NEIs) against enzymes pathogenic for type 2 diabetes. Further along with the chemometrics optimized extraction proce...

Aim of the study is to chemometrically optimize the extraction procedure of tea polyphenolics, evaluate antioxidant potentials of fresh tea leaves and made tea grown in the non-traditional tea zone of IIT Kharagpur by in vitro assays, in silico docking studies and in vitro AChE inhibitory assays. Total tea polyphenolics, flavonoids and volatile co...

Despite tremendous strides in modern medicine stringent control over insulin resistance or restoration of normoglycemia has not yet been achieved. With the growth of molecular biology, omics technologies, docking studies, and in silico pharmacology, modulators of enzymes and receptors affecting the molecular pathogenesis of the disease are being co...

The present research work was aimed to formulate and optimize Aceclofenac gel employing Pemulen as a novel gel base. Pemulen is a polymeric emulsifier composed of a block copolymer consisting of a poly acrylic acid similar to the Carbopol resins presently used to make aqueous and solvent gels.The formulations were prepared by using different propor...

Ciprofloxacin, commonly used in India as an anti-microbial for prolonged use in chronic and non-specific indications, may affect the bio-availability of the drug. The drug prescribed is commonly taken with multivitamins, calcium and milk. A simple and reliable analytical methodology obtaining a correlation with in vivo urinary excretion studies usi...

3-Dimensional printing (3DP) constitutes a raft of technologies, based on different physical mechanisms, that generate a 3-dimensional physical object from a digital model. Because of its rapid fabrication and precise geometry, 3DP has gained a prominent focus in biomedical and nanobiomaterials research. Despite advancements in targeted, controlled...

The aim of this study is to formulate the capecitabine loaded nanospheres of polycaprolactone-chitosan, cross linked with Tripolyphosphate for anticancer therapy, in order to enhance the bioavailability and to reduce the dose frequency. Formulations of capecitabine loaded nanospheres were prepared by double emulsion solvent evaporation and solvent...

The present study was aimed to develop and evaluate polycaprolactone–chitosan nanospheres of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DXO) in different drug to polymer ratios using double-emulsion solvent evaporation and solvent diffusion methods. FTIR studies showed that there was no chemical interaction between the drug and polymers. Scanning electron microsco...

Medicated jelly formulations are more suitable for pediatric, geriatric and dysphagic patients, which offer rapid dissolution and absorption of drugs thereby early onset of action. The aim was to develop and evaluate oral jelly formulations of carbamazepine (CBZ). Carbamazepine oral jellies were prepared to employ pectin, guar gum and gellan gum al...

Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) was used for simultaneous quantification of mesalamine and its metabolite N-acetyl mesalamine in human plasma with N-acetyl mesalamine D3 as an internal standard (IS). Chromatographic separation was performed on a Thermo, HyPURITY C18 (150 x 4.6 mm, 5 m) column with an isocratic mobile phas...

Context: Vaccination rate among health-care personnel's (HCPs) are not promising notwithstanding the World Health Organization campaigns over three decades resulting in compromising patient safety. The H1N1 virus, which caused a world-wide pandemic earlier has now transformed into a seasonal flu virus. Aims: The aim of this study was to analyze...

Design of experiment (DOE) approach reinforces the robustness of the method being developed. This was employed for UV-visible (200-400 nm and 400-800 nm respectively) and RP-HPLC method development using C 18 inertsil column and optimization of variables for ambrisentan (ABN) estimation in bulk and formulations. A two-level full factorial design as...

Impurity profiling has also become an important phase of pharmaceutical research, where both spectroscopic and chromatographic methods find applications. The analytical methodology needs to be very sensitive, specific and precise which will separate and determine the impurity of interest at 0.1% level. Current research reports a validated RP-HPLC m...

To investigate the presence and potency of natural enzyme inhibitors with hypoglycemic potentials amongst Eucalyptus Spp. by in vitro assays. The leaf extracts of the three different Eucalyptus species [E. globulus (EG), E. citriodora (EC), E. camaldulensis (ECA)] were subjected to in vitro assay procedures to explore the prevalence of natural enzy...

Analytical method development is a vital part of pre-formulation and formulation development research. Development of validated, robust, cost-effective methodologies for routine drug estimations is the urgent need of the pharmaceutical R&Ds. Quality is an essential attribute in any pharmaceutical product and impurity profiling offers a broad scope...

The aim of the present study was to synthesize potato starch (PS) derivatives of tartaric acid (TA) under semi-dry conditions and to evaluate the physicochemical properties as per official compendia requirements. Starch tartrate (ST) was synthesized by reacting PS (St–OH) and TA in semi-dry condition using sodium hypophosphite (SHP) as a catalyst....

The current research aims to formulate Venlafaxine Sustained Release (VHL-SR) tablets using hydrophilic-hydrophobic polymers combination blends by melt granulation technique which highlights the novelty. The polymers selected for the present study have matrix forming properties. Results of FTIR studies have shown that there were no interactions bet...

The objective was to investigate the antiurolithiatic activity of aqueous plant extract of Melia azadirachta using the zinc disc implantation model in male Wistar albino rats. A significant increase in urinary excretion of calcium, oxalate, magnesium and phosphate was observed after four weeks of implantation of zinc discs. After treatment with aqu...

The current research paper reports a validated UV and RP-HPLC method for routine estimations of CFTX in bulk and unit dosage formulations. For the UV estimation of CFTX, using ammonium acetate buffer as the solvent, λmax was set at 241.5 nm and linearity range obtained in the concentration range of 2-10 µg/mL. The optimized RP-HPLC conditions for C...

Eucalyptus is well represented in different Pharmacopeias for its variant pharmacology and depicts a wide range of photochemicals like triterpenoids, flavonoids, polyphenols, gallotannins and macrocarpals both in its volatile and nonvolatile fractions. Hot aqueous leaf decoctions of Eucalyptus have been recommended as ‘herbal tea’ in different regi...

Present study aims at comparative evaluation of drug release and permeability of diclofenac sodium loaded ethylcellulose (EC), cellulose acetate (CA) and eudragit (EU) microspheres. Microspheres of EC, CA and EU containing diclofenac sodium were prepared by an emulsification-solvent evaporation (oil-in-oil, o/o) method and were investigated for a c...

The aim of this study is to formulate the capecitabine loaded nanospheres of polycaprolactone-chitosan, cross linked with Tripolyphosphate for anticancer therapy, in order to enhance the bioavailability and to reduce the dose frequency. Formulations of capecitabineloaded nanospheres were prepared by double emulsion solvent evaporation and solvent d...

Abstract: Out-patient drugs are dispensed through community pharmacies. Drug utilization studies should be periodically performed in order to facilitate therapeutic efficacy and cost effectiveness, decrease adverse effects and provide feedback to prescribers to promote rational use of drugs. This study is a retrospective one which compares drug uti...

A selective and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method (LC-MS/MS) has been developed and validated for the quantification of zileuton in human plasma. Deuterated internal standard (zileuton D4) was used as the internal standard (ISTD). Zileuton was extracted by liquid-liquid extraction using methyl tert-butyl ether and sep...

A bioequivalence study was proved of generic Febuxostat 80 mg tablets (T) in healthy volunteers.For this purpose, Authors developed a simple, sensitive, selective, rapid, rugged and reproducible liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantification of Febuxostat (FB) in human plasma using Febuxostat D7 (FBD7) as an internal s...

A simple, sensitive and specific liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method was developed for the quantification of milnacipran (MC) in rat plasma by using the liquid–liquid extraction method. Milnacipran-d10 (MCD10) was used as an internal standard (IS). Chromatographic separation was achieved on Zorbax SB-CN (4.6 mm×75 mm, 3...

Prescription auditing, a sort of vigilance activity is an important tool in pharmaco-epidemiological studies to get a clear picture about rational usage of drug, widely prescribed drugs, extent of polypharmacy, and the most prevalent diseases in a particular area. With the changing dynamics of the lifestyle, behavioral pattern, socioeconomic and ed...

A simple, sensitive, rapid and accurate spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for the estimation of betamethasone in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms. The method was based on the formation of bluish green chromophore with 0.04 % of sodium dichromate and concentrated sulphuric acid showing the absorption at 615 nm. The proposed m...

The present investigation was aimed at developing the stability indicating spectrophotometric methods for the determination of nelfinavir mesylate (NEM) in pharmaceutical dosage forms. The stability of NEM was tested in various dissolution media maintained at ambient temperature and 37oC for 48 h. Stability studies of NEM in various media indicated...

The present investigation has focused on the comparative evaluation of topical wound healing activity in rabbits using three types of honeys such as Sidr (SDH), Thyme (TYH), Spring (SPH). The activity was compared with commercial wound healing formulations, Mebo (MBC) and Fusidin (FSC) creams. Among the different types of the honey SDH was found...

Analytical method development being a vital part of pre formulation-formulation research and development obviates the need to develop reliable, effective, eco friendly and cost effective methodologies for routine analysis of active pharmaceutical ingredients. UV spectroscopy is one of the earliest, yet of wide applications in drug analysis in diffe...

A simple, sensitive and specific liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for simultaneous quantification of ezetimibe and simvastatin in rat plasma. The deuterium isotopes; ezetimibe d4 and simvastatin d6 were used as internal standards for ezetimibe and simvastatin, respectively. MS/MS detection involved a switch of ele...

Background/objectives In the present study oral extended release matrix tablets of lamivudine were formulated, characterized and evaluated for in vitro dissolution and in vivo bioavailability performance in rabbits. Methods Matrix tablets of lamivudine were prepared using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K100M and its combination with polyethylene...

Aim A selective, and sensitive LC–MS/MS method has been developed and validated for quantification of donepezil in human plasma using donepezil D7 as an internal standard (IS). Methods The analyte and IS were extracted by liquid–liquid extraction using dichloromethane and hexane mixture and separated by isocratic elution on C18 analytical column w...

The present study was to evaluate the protective activity of the Picrasma quassioides (PQ) whole plant aqueous extract using three methods. With Aspirin-pylorus ligation induced method PQ extract produced 64.63% ulcer inhibition at 400mg/kg body weight to that of standard (ranitidine, 50mg/kg) which produced 68.52% inhibition. In HCl-ethanol induce...

In recent times solvent evaporation techniques have gained prominence in microencapsulation process. Solvent evaporation techniques are broadly classified into emulsification solventevaporation and extraction methods. Several variations have been developed recently based on this technology. Using solvent evaporation methods we can regulate microsph...

The present investigation is aimed at developing the stability indicating dissolution media for the determination of lamivudine (3TC) in pharmaceutical dosage forms. The stability of 3TC was tested in various dissolution media maintained at ambient temperature and 37 o C for 48 hrs. Stability studies of 3TC in various media indicated that the drug...

Aim The purpose of the present work was to develop a local drug delivery system of moxifloxacin loaded crosslinked chitosan films using sodium citrate as a crosslinking agent with different concentrations and crosslinking time. Methods The films were prepared using solvent casting technique. The formulated films were evaluated for physicochemical...

The aim of this study was to examine the bioequivalence of generic MESALAMINE 400 mg tablets (T) manufactured by APL Research Centre Pv.T., Ltd, India and a reference (R) manufactured by SUN Pharma Ltd., India (Mesacol ®) in healthy volunteers. Thirty-four subjects (+4 reserve) were randomly selected. Each subject was randomly allocated to one of t...

Ficus altissima Blume belonging to family Moraceae is perennial tree with 20-30 ft tall distributed in the hills of northern India and deccan peninsula, up to an altitude of 100-2000 m. It is commonly known as Council Tree. Leaves and bark are used in skin diseases. The tree is one of the recorded hosts of the Indian lac insect and is a source of r...

Background The purpose of this investigation was to explore high selective, sensitive, rapid, stable, reproducible extraction method in long run with broader linear range. At the same time, it could be expected that, this method would be efficient in analyzing large numbers of plasma samples obtained for pharmacokinetic, bioavailability or bioequiv...

A molecular manipulation efforts were made at β carbon of α, β unsaturated site of nalidixic acid by Michael addition, in expectation to get newer chemimanipulated derivatives with potent/modified antimicrobial spectrum. At the ends of chemimanipulative work, totally 5 derivatives were synthesized and characterized by spectral data. All the derivat...

A molecular manipulation efforts were made at β carbon of α, β unsaturated site of nalidixic acid by Michael addition, in expectation to get newer chemimanipulated derivatives with potent/modified antimicrobial spectrum. At the ends of chemimanipulative work, totally 5 derivatives were synthesized and characterized by spectral data. All the derivat...

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The present study was focused to evaluate the protective activity of the Wedelia calendulacea (WC) whole plant aqueous extract against aspirin-pylorus ligation, HCl-ethanol and water immersion stress induced ulcers. In the present study aspirin-pylorus ligation induced gastric ulcer was adopted to screen the antisecretory activity of plant extract....