Pradeep Ray

UNSW Sydney | UNSW · School of Public Health and Community Medicine

Drones have significant potential across all phases of disaster management. This study narrates the case of a developing and disaster-prone country like Nepal where drones were prominently introduced for disaster response activities during the Gorkha earthquake in 2015, a mega-disaster incident. However, Nepal still struggles with scaling the use o...

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects an individual's social interactions, communication abilities, and behavioral patterns. This paper explores the potential of intelligent eye-tracking technology in the early diagnosis of autism and its implications for families. In recent years, intelligent eye-tracking tec...

During a disaster, the communication infrastructure (e.g., radio systems and towers) is destroyed, and hence the initial rescuers need to work with highly constrained communication infrastructure at the disaster site. That necessitates the use of mechanisms and processes to conserve the limited communication resources (e.g., bandwidth and speed). P...

The literature is replete with examples of health disasters caused by unacceptable outcomes of elective surgeries (e.g., plastic surgery), such as no benefit from the surgery, wrong surgery operation, mistakes by hospitals/surgeons, and overlooking past health issues/medications. For example, patients are injured or die from malpractice caused by u...

While on one hand there has been tremendous progress in new technologies, and social media over the past several years, application of these technologies for innovation in disaster management is still a challenge. There are immense scopes of making progress in technological innovation for promoting sustainable healthcare and disaster management. Th...

Background Sensors, robotics, the Internet of Things (IoT) and data analytics hold considerable potential for enhancing the efficiency of care and health outcomes in the health and aged care sectors. The Australian aged care sector in particular faces significant challenges due to an aging population and outdated technological infrastructure. This...

With the accelerated pace of technological innovation, many local and international corporations have been entering into e-Marketplace, launching new business models, and constantly generating new ideas for serving the society. The rising labor costs of business necessitate the exploitation of the evolving e-Business technologies for the optimal ut...

Mobile technologies (symbolized by the ubiquitous mobile phone) offer many opportunities for entrepreneurship as evidenced from thousands of apps made available through the appstores. This chapter discusses the role of entrepreneurship through the development and deployment of innovative mobile apps for motivating people to follow a healthy lifesty...

Since entrepreneurship plays an important part in the business world and economic development, there have been efforts to develop theories for the success of entrepreneurship. Business Model Canvas (BMC), one of the most successful and widely adopted business model archetypes, helps validate a start-up business idea. However, this powerful tool was...

In response to society’s need for innovation and social impact, universities around the world have realized the importance and potential benefits of incorporating entrepreneurship education into their curricula. Entrepreneurship education requires a multi-disciplinary approach with a strong practicum component, involving industry partners. Technolo...

With the accelerated pace of technological innovation, many local and international corporations have been entering into e-Marketplace, launching new business models, and constantly generating new ideas for serving the society. The rising labor costs of business necessitate the exploitation of the evolving e-Business technologies for the optimal ut...

Global climate change is leading to rising and accelerating sea level that threatens communities in low-lying coastal areas. One particular vulnerability is the intrusion of seawater into coastal aquifers. The resulting salinization of groundwater and surface water resources exposes coastal communities to multiple hazards, including health risks as...

Social innovation and entrepreneurship address social disparity and basic human needs in many countries. While on the one hand there has been tremendous progress in new technologies and social media over the past several years, the application of these technologies for social innovation is still a challenge. There is immense scope for making progre...

Climate change is posing as major challenge for sustainable development. Achieving sustainable development requires action across multiple dimensions beyond climate change mitigation goals. Recognising non-climate-related benefits of climate action and purposefully considering them in the policy process can address the two issues together and simul...

Developing countries represent about three-quarters of the world's population and have become the main driver for the global population and economic growth. Technology entrepreneurship plays an important role for sustainable development of vulnerable social groups and element. These efforts can channel technological benefits to under-developed regi...

While the demand for health services in increasing drastically, the scope for the increase in supply is limited due to cost and other constraints. The WHO has announced that e-Health (healthcare using Information and Communication Technologies) might have the potential to support healthcare providers in meeting the growing demand without sacrificin...

This chapter presents the legal and business analysis based on the use cases of the AQ3 AU2EU project described in deliverable D1.1.1. A conceptual framework is developed for legal and business analysis that is then applied to all the six use cases. The conceptual framework involves three elements: actors, activities and impact of activities on fac...

With the growing demand for mobile based interventions in healthcare, use of smartphone applications for disease management and prevention, especially non communicable diseases like chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes, and hypertension are on the rise. Tobacco use or smoking is the leading preventable risk factor for NCDs (Non Communicable Disea...

Sustainability or sustainable development is possible only if health issues of mother and their child and the employment or involvement of women can be ensured in society by promoting social business using the easiest technological system like mobile technology. In this paper, we demonstrate how Grameen Shakti (GS) a not-for-profit organization aim...

In recent years there has been growing research attention and practitioner interest in exploring the suitability of Blockchain technology for decentralised applications in multiple domains. This paper investigates the application of Blockchain technology to address some of the key challenges in the domain of Social Business (SB). SB is a business m...

Many elderly people prefer to live at home independently. They and their relatives face challenges with respect to physical and mental health care in this environment. In addition, the traditional model of hospital-based centralized healthcare is now under stress due to the ageing population worldwide, especially in countries, such as Japan, China...

The healthcare industry is a critical and growing part of economies worldwide. To provide better quality of care, and value for money, billions of dollars are being spent on bettering information systems in healthcare organizations. Strategic Information System Planning (SISP) is instrumental in making informed decisions to achieve the health organ...

Purpose Despite its immense potentials as a sustainable and innovative means to solve specific social problems, the basic concept of the social business model (SBM) advanced by Professor Muhammad Yunus remains unclear to many. There exists no literature that objectively compares this model from empowerment and economic growth perspectives with oth...

Background Traditional gender roles result in women lagging behind men in the use of modern technologies, especially in developing countries. Although there is rapid uptake of mobile phone use in Bangladesh, investigation of gender differences in the ownership, access and use of mobile phones in general and mHealth in particular has been limited. T...

Across the globe, a significant portion of the population lacks the essential healthcare services due to the rising cost of such services. To ensure healthcare for all, the idea of universal health coverage has evolved but affordability and equity of health services have become the major concerns in this regard. This paper presents a systematic rev...

The largest proportion of global mortality is attributed to Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), with more than three-fourths of CVD related deaths occur in low-and-middle income countries. The primary risk factors of CVD are strongly correlated with health behaviours and overall physical condition. CVD can be effectively prevented by controlling the asso...

Background Many elderly people prefer to live at home independently. One of the major concerns raised by the family members is the safety and well-being of their elderly family members when living independently in a home environment. To address this issue, assistive technology solutions have been available in the market. Despite their availability...

The positive outcomes of a successful patient-physician communication are widespread considering the health related aspects. The rapid proliferation of mobile technology has facilitated the healthcare system to provide better support and establish sustainable implication of standard procedures in a broader range of healthcare services.

Clinical decision support systems require well-designed electronic health record (EHR) systems and vice versa. The data stored or captured in EHRs are diverse and include demographics, billing, medications, and laboratory reports; and can be categorized as structured, semi-structured and unstructured data. Various data and text mining techniques ha...

Technological advancement in general is providing better and cheaper solutions to assist the visually impaired (VI) community. Although information communication technology (ICT) has great potential to support the inclusion of VI people in educational, social and workforce settings, there are far fewer ICT projects for VI people compared to other p...

The UNSW WHO Collaborating Centre (WHOCC) in eHealth was established in 2013. Its designated activities are: mHealth and evidence-based evaluation, including use case analyses. The UNSW Yunus Social Business Health Hub (YSBHH), established in 2015 to build on the Yunus Centre/Grameen Bank eHealth initiatives, added social business and community par...

This paper draws on the vision, mission and experience with the WHO Collaborating Centre on eHealth (WHOCC-eHealth) and Yunus Social Business Health Hub (YSBHH) based at UNSW Australia, and the Asia electronic Health Information Network (AeHIN). Global eHealth aims to provide equitable access to ICT and health care, particularly to the poor, vulner...

Objectives: This paper is a systematic literature review intended to gain an understanding of the most original, excellent, stateof- the-art research in the application of eHealth (including mHealth) in the management of chronic diseases with a focus on cancer over the past two years. Method: This review looks at peer-reviewed papers published b...

This study aimed to explore challenges underlying seniors’ adoption of assistive robots. A systematic literature review involved three stages: the first two stages focused on identifying and selecting relevant papers, followed by extracting and analyzing data from selected papers. Analysis revealed several issues which were categorized based on rob...

Despite the immense potential and promise of the application of Social Business principles (SB) advanced by Nobel Laureate Professor Muhammad Yunus as a sustainable, innovative and viable means of poverty eradication, the very basic concept of SB remains unclear to many. There has not been any serious attempt to explain these principles in their pr...

In this modern age of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), many local and international firms are entering into the e-marketplace, launching new business models and constantly generating new ideas for serving the society. While there are a number of top rated companies running through e-Business platforms worldwide that thrive only for p...

The purpose of this paper is to find how Information Communication Technology (ICT) can be instrumental in enabling Nobel Peace Laureate Professor Yunus’s social business concept for social development by economically and otherwise by connecting and communicating across physical, social, cultural boundaries in disadvantageous community of the World...

Disaster may happen in any part of the world at any times. The aftermath disaster impact usually creates casualties and affects the weaker group of people more than others. Social business can be a powerful strategy in alleviating the sufferings of this weaker section of the society. The social business methods can be applied in various stages of a...

The current business intelligence capability of health information systems used in Australian health systems does not provide clinicians with sufficient actionable insights relevant to their own clinical settings. This paper explores ways to improve clinical outcomes by linking different multiple datasets held in a diverse set of clinical, research...

Online health data sharing and transfer has become easier and more efficient than ever before, but at the same time this has brought about new challenges for the privacy and protection of personal data. Transfer of sensitive health as well as personal data between organizations and countries requires high level of protection and privacy and any bre...

Demand for aged care services continues to soar as a result of an aging population. This increasing demand requires more residential aged care facilities and healthcare workforce. One recommended solution is to keep older people in their homes longer and support their independent life through the use of information and communication technologies (I...

Online health data sharing and transfer has become easier and more efficient than ever before, but at the same time this has brought about new challenges for the privacy and protection of personal data. Transfer of sensitive health as well as personal data between organizations and countries requires high level of protection and privacy and any bre...

This systematic review examined the current state of conceptualization and specification of data quality and the role of ontology based approaches to develop data quality based on "fitness for purpose" within the health context. A literature review was conducted of all English language studies, from January 2000-March 2013, which addressed data/inf...

Recently, high spatial resolution is increasingly needed in air pollution forecast by governments and climatologists. However, data from fixed monitoring sites cannot meet these requirements. In this paper, we present a hybrid spatio-temporal model to improve the air quality forecast capacity with fine grid data from ubiquitous mobile sensor networ...

The role of ontologies in chronic disease management and associated challenges such as defining data quality (DQ) and its specification is a current topic of interest. In domains such as Diabetes Management, a robust Data Quality Ontology (DQO) is required to support the automation of data extraction semantically from Electronic Health Record (EHR)...

Purpose: Seniors make up a larger than expected percentage of drivers involved in accidents based on crash statistics. However, driving is one of the independent living capabilities desired by seniors1-3. The main objective of this study is to provide an experimental proof concept on the hypothetical causality between playing physically-engaging vi...

In the past three decades, several studies have extracted antecedents to the user adoption of health information systems (HIS). This study proposes a reflective pause on the HIS adoption literature to broaden our understanding of factors contributing to the user adoption of electronic medical record (EMR). This paper provides a comprehensive taxono...

The role of ontologies in chronic disease management and associated challenges such as defining data quality (DQ) and its specification is a current topic of interest. In domains such as Diabetes Management, a robust Data Quality Ontology (DQO) is required to support the automation of data extraction semantically from Electronic Health Record (EHR)...

Research has shown that the general health and oral health of an individual are closely related. Accordingly, current practice of isolating the information base of medical and oral health domains can be dangerous and detrimental to the health of the individual. However, technical issues such as heterogeneous data collection and storage formats, lim...

The volume, velocity and variety of data generated today require special techniques and technologies for analysis and inferencing. These challenges are significantly pronounced within healthcare where data is being generated exponentially from biomedical research and electronic patient records. Moreover, with the increasing importance on holistic c...

Though recent research has established the inter-dependencies between several medical and oral health conditions, e-Health systems for medical and oral domains have been designed and implemented to operate independently. Such disparate systems coupled with different data capture and storage formats have led to the formation of medical-dental silos....

Mobile phones' exponential growth is fuelling the emergence of mobile health (mHealth), thus contributing to healthcare services' innovative transformation in developing countries. mHealth's ubiquitous personalised capabilities obviate the access barriers and dismal performance of conventional systems, therefore gaining popularity among patients. R...

Improved Data Quality (DQ) can improve the quality of decisions and lead to better policy in health organizations. Ontologies can support automated tools to assess DQ. This chapter examines ontologybased approaches to conceptualization and specification of DQ based on "fitness for purpose" within the health context. English language studies that ad...

Hypertension (HTN) as well as type 2 diabetes (T2D) is considered as two of the leading medical and public health problems in the world. Despite several interventions, both these diseases are on the rise in Bangladesh, which is characterized by socio-cultural differences and limited access to latest technology. Literature survey revealed gaps inclu...

The health care system in Papua New Guinea is fragile, and surveillance systems infrequently meet international standards. To strengthen outbreak identification, health authorities piloted a mobile phone-based syndromic surveillance system and used established frameworks to evaluate whether the system was meeting objectives. Stakeholder experience...

Literature has repeatedly stressed the importance of the association between the oral health and general health of an individual and for the respective healthcare practitioners to work collaboratively. However, the absence of a knowledge base of the scientific evidence of associations between the two domains of medical and oral health has contribut...

The IT industry needs systems management models that leverage available application information to detect quality of service, scalability and health of service. Ideally this technique would be common for varying application types with different n-tier architectures under normal production conditions of varying load, user session traffic, transactio...

Purpose: Effective use of routine data to support integrated chronic disease management (CDM) and population health is dependent on underlying data quality (DQ) and, for cross system use of data, semantic interoperability. An ontological approach to DQ is a potential solution but research in this area is limited and fragmented. Objective: Identify...

The creation of an ontology for a particular business domain has advantages for application development, interoperability, reusability, and integration. Agent systems with an underlying ontology can exploit these advantages by providing semantically-aware applications. However, there is a lack of support for ontology development in existing methodo...

E-health can facilitate communication and interactions among stakeholders involved in pandemic responses. Its implementation, nevertheless, represents a disruptive change in the healthcare workplace. Organisational preparedness assessment is an essential requirement prior to e-health implementation; including this step in the planning process can i...

Tissue banks collect, preserve and harvest human/non-human tissues for health related research or education. Usually, the banks maintain the associated data in Microsoft Excel or Access. There are limitations when the data need to be share by multiple stakeholders. This paper evaluates an open source bio specimen data management system (caTissue) a...

Purpose: Effective use of routine data to support integrated chronic disease management (CDM) and population health is dependent on underlying data quality (DQ) and, for cross system use of data, semantic interoperability. An ontological approach to DQ is a potential solution but research in this area is limited and fragmented. Objective: Identi...

Ubiquitous healthcare means healthcare anywhere anytime, a dream not realized in most parts of this world. On the other hand, the cost of healthcare is increasing and may become totally unaffordable in view of the aging population in many countries. Hence, the world is exploring the means to enhance the reach of healthcare at lower cost. The recent...

Nowadays, our societies are facing new challenges in terms of economically and socially supporting their more and more costly welfare systems and increasing elderly population. While several initiatives have been unsuccessful, fortunately, in recent years we are seeing tremendous advances in all areas of technology from lowpower electronics and sen...

Privacy is a major issue in information management for public health needs. For example, the surveillance of infectious diseases, such as HIV, is an important function of public health and it presents major privacy concerns for affected people. While their privacy must be protected, privacy concerns should not come in the way of effective data coll...

The fixed-line and mobile telephony network is one of the crucial elements of an emergency response to a disaster event. However, frequently the phone network is overwhelmed in such situations and is disrupted. It is not cost-effective to maintain an over-provisioned IT infrastructure for such rare events. Cloud computing allows users to create res...

mHealth (healthcare using mobile communication technologies) is being strengthened as a new tool to tackle the global crisis in inadequate workforce and patient monitoring, especially in resource-limited settings. High numbers of people living with TB/HIV fail treatment and develop resistance because they cannot maintain a high degree of adherence...

Health problems related to diet, including obesity and cancer, are important concerns in the current society. The main treatment for obesity includes dieting and frequent physical activity. Diet programs keep and cause weight loss over short, medium, or long term. However, to maintain balanced body energy, a frequent physical exercise is required....

Interactive video games are being used increasingly to transform the dull and repetitive nature of rehabilitation exercises into an enjoyable play by moving limbs or whole body. One major benefit of using video games in rehabilitation is the possibility of home-based treatments. Video games open up new options for occupation therapists to remotely...

To summarize major current developments and research in the field of mobile health (mHealth) services. Reports on the unique characteristics of mHealth platform and its role in delivering health services to the resource poor settings. Also, it evaluates different mHealth applications and identifies key success factors and challenges. mHealth, based...

We consider a community of agents in the domain of patient healthcare where the community is populated by personal assistant agents residing on mobile phones assisting the human patients and sever agents managing the services offered to the patients. In this scenario, we look at patient care polices, and interpret them in the context of crisis situ...

During the last century, influenza pandemics caused hundreds of thousands of deaths, millions of hospitalizations, social disruption, and massive economic losses worldwide. With the increase in global transport and communications, as well as urbanization and overcrowding conditions, any novel influenza strain would be likely to spread quickly, and...

Privacy is a major issue in information management for public health needs. For example, the surveillance of infectious diseases, such as HIV, is an important function of public health and it presents major privacy concerns for affected people. While their privacy must be protected, privacy concerns should not come in the way of effective data coll...

Influenza pandemics caused millions of deaths and massive economic losses worldwide in the last century. The impact of any future pandemic is likely to be greatest in developing countries as a result of their limited surveillance and healthcare resources. eHealth facilitates the detection and reporting of potential pandemic strains by using digital...

In an emergency response to a disaster, cooperation, upon which first responders rely to maintain contextual awareness, may not be adequate. This paper addresses how to maintain contextual awareness and extend cooperation among first responders in a disaster. Much research proposes that software agents can be used to aid in maintaining contextual a...

The declining cognitive and motor abilities has become a major problem in the health care of the elderly, often leading to potentially fatal falls. Current rehabilitation strategies to address this issue include routine physiotherapy which is often dull and boring for the patient, leading to poor adherence. In recent years, the use of video games i...

The declining cognitive and motor abilities has become a major problem in the health care of the elderly, often leading to potentially fatal falls. Current rehabilitation strategies to address this issue include routine physiotherapy which is often dull and boring for the patient, leading to poor adherence. In recent years, the use of video games i...

The unsustainable rise in healthcare costs (thanks to the ageing population in many countries) calls for a new healthcare paradigm and e-Health (Healthcare based on information and communication technologies) may be the answer. A number of studies in different parts of the world suggest that the technology for eHealth may be viable. However, the ec...

This paper proposes a framework, that incorporates evolutionary computation and wargame simulation, to investigate the role of information networks in organizing efficient supply chains for military logistics. Under the proposed framework, evolutionary computation is used to evolve the information networks, which are subsequently evaluated by playi...

Researchers in the field of finance now use increasingly sophisticated mathematical models that require intelligent software oil high performance computing systems. Agent models to date that are designed for financial markets have their knowledge specified through low level programming that require technical expertise in software, riot normally ava...