Poika Isokoski

Tampere University | UTA · Faculty of Information Technology and Communication Sciences

Uutisten verkkokommentoinnin kielteistä ilmapiiriä ja asiattomia kommentteja pidetään vakavana, julkisen keskustelun laatua heikentävänä ongelmana. Keskustelujen moderointia pidetään yleisesti hyvänä tapana puuttua asiattomuuksiin, mutta sen nykyiset keinot koetaan riittämättömiksi, olipa kyse tietokoneohjelmista tai ihmisten tekemästä moderointity...

An online experiment investigated the perceived effects of a user interface (UI) intervention aiming to support online news commenters' emotion regulation. By describing the comment's tone to the user, the expected effect was activation of the implicit emotion regulation process of affect labeling (i.e. naming emotions). The perceived emotion- and...

While HCI literature offers general frameworks for understanding user-centred quality, specific application areas may call for more detailed contextualisation of it. This paper focuses on socio-technical context of online news commenting by investigating speculative UI interventions intended to influence users’ emotions and social behaviour. To und...

Online news comments are a crucial part of how journalistic organizations engage their audiences. However, uncivil commenting has become a persistent problem that can have detrimental effects both to journalistic organizations and the people who participate in the discussions as journalists, moderators, and commenters. This chapter addresses the pr...

Emotions are an important element of human interactions, including those in social media. Despite the prominence of text-based messages in online communication, little is known about how the emotional tone of the messages affects the emotions of the recipients. With three experiments, the current study investigated these effects in the context of o...

Emotions are an important element of human interactions, including those in social media. Despite the prominence of text-based messages in online communication, little is known about how the emotional tone of the messages affects the emotions of the recipients. With three experiments, the current study investigated these effects in the context of o...

Police work requires making suitable observations which form the basis of situational awareness (SA) of the encounter in progress. Incomplete early-stage SA (i.e., perception) can lead to errors in subsequent judgement and decision-making that can have severe consequences for performance, learning, and occupational health. SA in police contexts is...

Leaving a dog home alone is part of everyday life for most dog owners. Previous research shows that dog–owner relationship has multifarious effects on dog behavior. However, little is known about the interplay between dog–owner relationship, physical activity of the dog, and affective experiences at the time of the owner leaving home and reunion wh...

Online news comments are intended to cultivate an interdependent relationship between news organizations and their audiences. However, uncivil online comments have become a persistent problem that requires constant intervention through moderation. In this paper, to better understand these interventions, we analyze interviews of eleven managers of o...

This experiment investigated whether eye contact would evoke similar attention and emotion related psychophysiological responses in virtual reality (VR) as in a face-to-face interaction. Participants viewed a confederate in a live interaction (Live condition) and a confederate's avatar in VR (VR condition). In both conditions, the confederate/avata...

For ion-mobility spectrometry (IMS)-based electronic noses (eNose) samples of scents are markedly time-dependent, with a transient phase and a highly volatile stable phase in certain conditions. At the same time, the samples depend on various environmental factors, such as temperature and humidity. This makes fast classification of scents challengi...

In gesture-based user interfaces, the effort needed for learning the gestures is a persistent problem that hinders their adoption in products. However, people's natural gaze paths form shapes during viewing. For example, reading creates a recognizable pattern. These gaze patterns can be utilized in human-technology interaction. We experimented with...

In gesture-based user interfaces, the effort needed for learning the gestures is a persistent problem that hinders their adoption in products. However, people's natural gaze paths form shapes during viewing. For example, reading creates a recognizable pattern. These gaze patterns can be utilized in human-technology interaction. We experimented with...

Remote collaboration on physical tasks is an emerging use of video telephony. Recent work suggests that conveying gaze information measured using an eye tracker between collaboration partners could be beneficial in this context. However, studies that compare gaze to other pointing mechanisms, such as a mouse-controlled pointer, in video-based colla...

An emerging use of mobile video telephony is to enable joint activities and collaboration on physical tasks. We conducted a controlled user study to understand if seeing the gaze of a remote instructor is beneficial for mobile video collaboration and if it is valuable that the instructor is aware of sharing of the gaze. We compared three gaze shari...

Remote collaboration on physical tasks is an emerging use of video telephony. Recent work suggests that conveying gaze information measured using an eye tracker between collaboration partners could be beneficial in this context. However, studies that compare gaze to other pointing mechanisms, such as a mouse-controlled pointer, in video-based colla...

Today, the markets are populated with dozens of devices for dog activity tracking and monitoring. Our aim was to get detailed insights on how dog owners use these devices in their everyday life. Two studies, an interview study with Finnish dog owners (N=7) and an international online questionnaire (N=35) were done to capture the motivations for usi...

The aim was to study if odors evaporated by an olfactory display prototype can be used to affect participants' cognitive and emotionrelated responses to audio-visual stimuli, and whether the display can benefit from objective measurement of the odors. The results showed that odors and videos had significant effects on participants' responses. For i...

Various classifiers for scent classification based on measurements using an electronic nose (eNose) have been studied recently. In general, classifiers rely on a static database containing reference eNose measurements for known scents. However, most of these approaches require retraining of the classifier every time a new scent needs to be added to...

Production of easily controllable and measurable odor stimuli is needed when studying human olfaction, olfaction-related physiology and psychological reactions to odors. Controlled odor producing instruments are called olfactometers. For testing and calibrating new olfactometers or sensor arrays, a reliable input signal has to be produced to verify...

Exploratory analysis of gaze data requires methods that make it possible to process large amounts of data while minimizing human labor. The conventional approach in exploring gaze data is to construct heatmap visualizations. While simple and intuitive, conventional heatmaps do not clearly indicate differences between groups of viewers or give estim...

An emerging use of mobile video telephony is to enable joint activities and collaboration on physical tasks. Weconducted a controlled user study to understand if seeing the gaze of a remote instructor is beneficial for mobile video collaboration and if it is valuable that the instructor is aware of sharing of the gaze. We compared three gaze sharin...

Vibrotactile feedback is widely used in mobile devices because it provides a discreet and private feedback channel. Gaze based interaction, on the other hand, is useful in various applications due to its unique capability to convey the focus of interest. Gaze input is naturally available as people typically look at things they operate, but feedback...

The best way to construct user interfaces for smart glasses is not yet known. We investigated the use of eye tracking in this context in two experiments. The eye and head movements were combined so that one can select the object to interact by looking at it and then change a setting in that object by turning the head horizontally. We compared three...

mart glasses equipped with eye tracking technology could be utilized to develop natural interaction techniques. They could be used to conveniently interact with an electronic appliance in the environment from a distance. We describe a technique, HeadTurn, that allows a user to look at a device and then control it by turning the head to the left or...

Gaze gestures are a promising input technology for wearable devices especially in the smart glasses form factor because gaze gesturing is unobtrusive and leaves the hands free for other tasks. We were interested in how gaze gestures can be enhanced with vibrotactile feedback. We studied the effects of haptic feedback on the head and haptic promptin...

Communicating spatial information by pointing is ubiquitous in human interactions. With the growing use of head-mounted cameras for collaborative purposes, it is important to assess how accurately viewers of the resulting egocentric videos can interpret pointing acts. We conducted an experiment to compare the accuracy of interpreting four different...

Larger tablet computers are not always easy to use in handheld configurations. Gaze input and especially gaze gestures provide an alternative input technology in such situations. We investigated the task performance and user experience in gaze gesture use when haptic feedback was provided either to fingers touching the tablet or behind the ears thr...

Modern interaction techniques like non-intrusive gestures provide means for interacting with distant displays and smart objects without touching them. We were interested in the effects of feedback modality (auditory, haptic or visual) and its combined effect with input modality on user performance and experience in such interactions. Therefore, we...

Video communication using head-mounted cameras could be useful to mediate shared activities and support collaboration. Growing popularity of wearable gaze trackers presents an opportunity to add gaze information on the egocentric video. We hypothesized three potential benefits of gaze-augmented egocentric video to support collaborative scenarios: s...

We present GazeTorch, a novel interface that provides gaze awareness during remote collaboration on physical tasks. GazeTorch uses a spotlight to display gaze information of the remote helper on the physical task space of the worker. We conducted a preliminary user study to evaluate user's subjective opinion on the quality of collaboration, using G...

The QWERTY keyboard has been a de facto standard for computer text entry and continues to be one for mobile text entry such as for smartphones. It is not clear, however, that it will continue to be an option for text entry for much smaller devices such as smartwatches. In a series of user experiments, we examined the performance of the QWERTY keybo...

In a study with 12 participants we compared two smooth pursuit based widgets and one dwell time based widget in adjusting a continuous value. The circular smooth pursuit widget was found to be about equally efficient as the dwell based widget in our color matching task. The scroll bar shaped smooth pursuit widget exhibited lower performance and low...

Smart glasses, like Google Glass or Microsoft HoloLens, can be used as interfaces that expand human perceptual, cognitive, and actuation capabilities in many everyday situations. Conventional manual interaction techniques, however, are not convenient with smart glasses whereas eye trackers can be built into the frames. This makes gaze tracking a na...

Proper feedback is essential in gaze based interfaces, where the same modality is used for both perception and control. We measured how vibrotactile feedback, a form of haptic feedback, compares with the commonly used visual and auditory feedback in eye typing. Haptic feedback was found to produce results that are close to those of auditory feedbac...

Virtual and physical worlds are merging. Currently users of head-mounted displays cannot have unobtrusive tactile feedback while touching virtual objects. We present a mid-air tactile feedback system for head-mounted displays. Our prototype uses the focus of a modulated ultrasonic phased array for unobtrusive mid-air tactile feedback generation. Th...

Immaterial mid-air displays formed of flowing light-scattering particles are becoming feasible for displaying information in thin air and interacting with it. With light-weight desktop fogscreens and low-cost hand tracking, the user can easily and unobtrusively interact with virtual information. Any real objects can be seen or reached through the s...

Wearable devices including smart eyewear require new interaction methods between the device and the user. In this paper, we describe our work on the combined use of eye tracking for input and haptic (touch) stimulation for output with eyewear. Input with eyes can be achieved by utilizing gaze gestures which are predefined patterns of gaze movements...

Interacting with the environment using mobile eye-tracking is accompanied with challenges in providing non-visual feedback related to gaze events and monitoring the gaze vector estimation quality. Recent studies point to haptic stimulation as a promising feedback channel in this context. In this work we focused on applying haptic stimulation to inf...

Smartwatches are widely available and increasingly adopted by consumers. The most common way of interacting with smartwatches is either touching a screen or pressing buttons on the sides. However, such techniques require using both hands. We propose glance awareness and active gaze interaction as alternative techniques to interact with smartwatches...

Text entry on a smartwatch is a challenging problem due to the device's limited screen area. In this paper, we introduce the SplitBoard, which is a soft keyboard designed for a smartwatch. As the user flicks left or right on the keyboard, it switches between the left and right halves of a QWERTY keyboard. We report the results of two user experimen...

NordiCHI'14 conference attendees got hands-on experience with a number of great new interactive systems. Among the accepted poster, video, and demo submissions, we selected the following four prototypes to illustrate the high-quality design research displayed during the conference, which was held in Helsinki, Finland, October 26--30, 2014. Mikael W...

Wearable computing devices are gradually becoming common, and head-mounted devices such as Google Glass are already available. These devices present new interaction challenges as the devices are usually small in size, and also the usage environment sets limitations on the available interaction modalities. One potential interaction method could be t...

We studied how senior citizens write and send text messages on their own mobile phone and two touchscreen smartphones. Each participant participated in three training sessions and wrote messages with three phones. We found that the range of text entry performance among seniors is large. Average text entry rate in entering a 34 character test phrase...

Haptic feedback can improve the usability of gaze gestures in mobile devices. However, the benefit is highly sensitive to the exact timing of the feedback. In practical systems the processing and trans-mission of signals takes some time, and the feedback may be delayed. We conducted an experiment to determine limits on the feedback delays. The resu...

Haptic feedback can improve the usability of gaze gestures in mobile devices. However, the benefit is highly sensitive to the exact timing of the feedback. In practical systems the processing and transmission of signals takes some time, and the feedback may be delayed. We conducted an experiment to determine limits on the feedback delays. The resul...

Anticipating the emergence of gaze tracking capable mobile devices, we are investigating the use of gaze as an input modality in handheld mobile devices. We conducted a study of combining gaze gestures with vibrotactile feedback. Gaze gestures were used as an input method in a mobile device and vibrotactile feedback as a new alternative way to give...

We introduce eyeglasses that present haptic feedback when using gaze gestures for input. The glasses utilize vibrotactile actuators to provide gentle stimulation to three locations on the user’s head. We describe two initial user studies that were conducted to evaluate the easiness of recognizing feedback locations and participants’ preferences for...

Text entry is an active and growing research domain. Our SIG serves three purposes. First, to strengthen the text entry community by bringing text entry researchers working in the human-computer interaction, natural language processing and augmentative and alternative communication communities together in one room. Second, to promote CHI as a natur...

Eye tracking input often relies on visual and auditory feedback. Haptic feedback offers a previously unused alternative to these established methods. We describe a study to determine the natural time limits for haptic feedback to gazing events. The target is to determine how much time we can use to evaluate the user gazed object and decide if we ar...

Consistent measuring and reporting of gaze data quality is important in research that involves eye trackers. We have developed TraQuMe: a generic system to evaluate the gaze data quality. The quality measurement is fast and the interpretation of the results is aided by graphical output. Numeric data is saved for reporting of aggregate metrics for t...

Compared to the mouse, eye pointing is inaccurate. As a consequence, small objects are difficult to point by gaze alone. We suggest using a combination of eye pointing and subtle head movements to achieve accurate hands-free pointing in a conventional desktop computing environment. For tracking the head movements, we exploited information of the ey...

We present our design exploration in the area of virtual stick controllers and a preliminary evaluation in an editing task. Virtual stick controllers are one solution to the problem of precise pointing on touch screens. They operate by using an area of the touch screen as a rate control device that moves a pointer. We implemented and evaluated this...

Interactive television provides useful services for older people. These include social networking tools, video on demand, and broadcast TV. Many of the Internet-mediated services require text entry. The usual multi-tap text entry supplied with TV remote control is not suitable to many older people. In this paper, we evaluate WeSlide, a gestural tex...

We describe the design and evaluation of a gestural text editing technique for touchscreen devices. The gestures are drawn on top of the soft keyboard and interpreted as commands for moving the caret, performing selections, and controlling the clipboard. Our implementation is an Android service that can be used in any text editing task on Android-b...

Our workshop serves two purposes. First, to bring text entry researchers working in the human-computer interaction (HCI), natural language processing (NLP) and augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) communities together at CHI. Second, we will set three major grand challenges for text entry research: a) removing the performance bottleneck...

In this position paper we argue of the need for a more complete definition of gaze interaction events. The need is especially clear in non-desktop use scenario. We ask on one hand what the needed gaze events are and on the other hand what can eye tracking technology possibly deliver in dynamic everyday settings. Current understanding on gaze events...

Edgewrite is a text entry method where the user follows the edges of a physical guiding rectangle to enter corner sequences that are interpreted as characters. The original Edgewrite character set resembles the Latin alphabet and includes explicit character segmentation by lifting the stylus (or centering the joystick, etc). We present a variant of...

It would be in the interest of game developers to be able to design for immersive player experiences and to verify that their design iterations have succeeded. We conducted playtest evaluations for two versions of a new mobile game in development (Foozles) and one version of a commercially available benchmark game (Angry Birds) to assess the useful...

Our workshop has three primary goals. The first goal is community building: we want to get text entry researchers that are active in different communities into one place. Our second goal is to promote CHI as a natural and compelling focal point for all kinds of text entry research. The third goal is to discuss some difficult issues that are hard or...

This book and its companion volume, LNCS 7282 and 7283, constitute the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference, EuroHaptics 2012, held in Tampere, Finland, in June 2012. The 99 papers (56 full papers, 32 short papers, and 11 demo papers) presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 153 submissions. Part I contains the full p...

We describe a text entry system called UniKeyb where a character is entered when the stylus lands on a key on a soft keyboard. Optionally, a second character may be entered by doing a unistroke gesture before lifting the stylus. A simulation suggested a speed advantage of about 20% in expert use. In an experiment, we verified that learning needed f...

Nowadays, linguistics and language processing represent an important part of the text entry domain. Prediction and/or automatic correction systems are often included in mobile devices with text entry capabilities. However, in gesture based text entry, few such systems are known. We propose UniWise, a system which combines Unistrokes, a gesture alph...