Pilar ZuerasUniversity of Essex
Pilar Zueras
Ph.D. Demography
About
39
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Publications
Publications (39)
The increasing proportion of persons living alone has come to be emblematic in many ways of modern Western societies because it represents the importance conceded to the individual and to individual goals at the expense, basically, of the family. Solo living has been interpreted within the context of changing values and preferences, changing person...
Objectives
We study the role of marital status and living arrangements in mortality among a 50+ population living in Europe by gender and welfare states.Methods
Using data from waves 4, 5, and 6 of the Survey of Health Age and Retirement in Europe (n = 54,171), we implemented Cox proportional hazard models by gender and age groups (50–64 and 65–84)...
Changes in population and family structures are altering the provision of care for dependent older people. In Southern European countries like Spain, such care is still largely provided by family, typically spouses and adult daughters. However, an increasing proportion of women have entered the labour force, thereby affecting their availability. To...
https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1WeNj,4pFtYcF5
Introduction:
The increasing participation of women in the workforce may make it difficult to sustain the current model of elderly care. The aim of this article was to determine the changing sociodemographic profile of informal elderly caregivers with disabilities, the interaction between employment a...
This paper presents a mixed model for studying the amount of time of care available from family members of elderly people with disabilities, mainly of irreversible type, like Alzheimer or other neurological diseases. This model starts with data obtained from a classical microsimulation model of kinship which provides descending genealogies of elder...
Public agencies regularly produce and publish large volumes of information in the form of disaggregated empirical data at different geographic levels. However, access to this information is limited by the dispersion of data across a diversity of sources, formats, and means of access. Here at the Center for Demographic Studies (CED) we have promoted...
Las administraciones públicas producen y publican regularmente volúmenes cuantiosos de información en forma de datos empíricos desagregados a distintas escalas territoriales. Sin embargo, el acceso a esta in- formación está limitado por la dispersión de los datos en distintos repositorios, la diversidad de formatos y la disparidad de modalidades de...
Les administracions públiques produeixen i publiquen regularment volums quantiosos d'informació en forma de dades empíriques desagregades a diferents escales territorials. No obstant això, l'accés a aquesta informació està limitat per la dispersió de les dades en diferents repositoris, la diversitat de formats i la disparitat de modalitats d'accés....
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240923.].
La COVID-19 ha suposat una aturada en la contínua progressió de l’esperança de vida en néixer, que a Espanya es situava entre les més altes del món. Malgrat que el seu efecte depressiu sigui conjuntural, ja que s’espera que millori de forma ràpida els propers anys, ens ha fet reflexionar sobre l’evolució prèvia a la pandèmia. És cert que l’augment...
La COVID-19 ha supuesto un parón en la continua progresión de la esperanza de vida al nacer, que en España se situaba entre las más altas del mundo. A pesar de que su efecto depresivo sea coyuntural, ya que se espera que mejore de forma rápida en los próximos años, nos ha hecho reflexionar sobre la evolución previa a la pandemia. Es cierto que el a...
The COVID-19 pandemic has put a stop to the continuous progression in life expectancy at birth, in which Spain was one of the world leaders. Although this downward effect is a result of the present conjuncture and it is hoped that recovery will be swift in the coming years, this situation has led us to consider the evolution prior to the pandemic....
Objetivo. Analizar las pautas de convivencia de la población de 60 años o más que reside en hogares privados en 23 países de América Latina y el Caribe.
Métodos. Estudio transversal realizado con base en los microdatos censales más recientes disponibles en Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS)-International, la mayoría de ellos correspondi...
Life expectancy in Spain is among the highest in the world. Nevertheless, we do not know if improvements in health conditions at older ages have followed postponements of death. Previous studies in Spain show a stable trend in years lived in ill health in the past. In this paper we investigate changes between 2006, 2012 and 2017 in life expectancy...
Changes in population and family structures are increasing the demand for old-age care that in southern European countries like Spain is still largely provided by family, typically spouses and adult daughters, although an increasing proportion of women have entered the labour force. To study the demand and supply balance of informal care and quanti...
This study analyses whether care providing strategies for non-institutionalized older adults have changed in the context of a new system of long-term care that emanated from the 2006 “Dependency Act”, and a lingering economic crisis. The Spanish sample of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (waves 2006 and 2013) is employed to ana...
Informe per a l'Observatori Metropolità de l'Habitatge de Barcelona. Recerca Laboratori Envelliment i Habitatge 12/2019
L’envelliment és un dels canvis demogràfics que més impacte tindran en el futur. És un procés general i global que té expressions diferents segons el territori i l’escala. Però a tot arreu, la gestió de les polítiques públiques ha...
Objective:
The short- and medium-term consequences of the economic crisis since 2008 has become a cause of concern for population health. The study's objective was to analyse health inequalities according to the socioeconomic profile of the Catalan population aged 50 year and older.
Methods:
Cross-sectional study using data from the Catalan Heal...
La respuesta del Estado a la crisis económica actual no ha sido la misma que la de los años ochenta y noventa. Entonces se hizo uso de la extensión extraordinaria de la prestación por desempleo y la prejubilación, en la actualidad (el Estado) busca extender al máximo la vida laboral a través de la restricción de ambas vías. Se utiliza la Encuesta d...
The institutionalised population aged 65 and over in Catalonia has been on the constant upswing in recent decades because of both improved survival and the expansion of institutionalisation. Although in relative terms it only comprised 4% of population aged 65 and over in 2011, its prevalence increases dramatically beyond age 80. Because this popul...
This paper discusses the dependency ratio in the contributory Social Security system after it became autonomous from the National Health system. This separation occurred in 2002 and, some time later, the Social Security system made available for research purposes a sample of 4% of its records from the contributory scheme known as the Muestra Contin...
The public pension system in Spain today constitutes an excellent example of solidarity between generations: the cohorts which pay into the contribution system support those who receive some kind of pension. Figure 1 shows the structure of the population linked with Social Security by age, sex and contributing situation in 2014. The whole system is...
This paper examines socioeconomic determinants of disability for the Spanish
population aged 65 to 89 years, born between 1910 and 1944. To do this, we use microdata from four waves of the National Health Survey of Spain (ENSE): 1997, 2001, 2006 and 2011/12. A continuous indicator of disability based on activities of daily life is constructed which...
This paper examines socioeconomic determinants of disability for the Spanish
population aged 65 to 89 years, born between 1910 and 1944. To do this, we use microdata from four waves of the National Health Survey of Spain (ENSE): 1997, 2001, 2006 and 2011/12. A continuous indicator of disability based on activities of daily life is constructed which...
Analizamos la cobertura de cuidados de la población mayor de 64 años con necesidad asistencial y su fuente de provisión, distinguiendo el cuidado formal e informal, ya sea provisto desde dentro o desde fuera del hogar. Partimos de la hipótesis de que a pesar de las transformaciones sociales y políticas hacia una sociedad con más igualdad de género...
The institutionalized population aged 65 and over in Catalonia is constantly increasing,
both because of improved survival and as a consequence of the expansion of institutionalization
in recent decades. Although in relative terms it only comprised 4% of the population
aged 65 and over in 2011, its prevalence increases dramatically beyond age 80. I...
This paper analyses the population aged 65 and over who do not live with a partner, in ten European countries participating in the four editions of the “Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe”, from 2004/5 to 2010/1. Logistic regression for panel data is used to analyse the ratio between living with others and living alone (not consideri...
This paper analyzes two possible determinants of disability, birth cohort and socioeconomic status, among Spanish elderly aged 65-89 living independently. We use microdata from the Spanish Health Interview Survey, particularly the self-reported ability to perform daily activities, to construct a continuous measure of disability. Multivariate linear...
Cross-sectional studies show an apparent increase in parent-child coresidence with age when mature adult age, and particularly among the elderly. This paper seeks new insights on their living arrangements in the Spanish region of Catalonia by applying Age Period Cohort analysis to census microdata. Results reveal that the increase in the age at whi...
An ageing population may be seen as a challenge for the foundations of welfare States or as a unique opportunity to take advantage of the dramatic expansion of coexistence spans between different generations. Regarding the latter, successfully facing population ageing requires an implementation of measures which promote a collaboration and solidari...
This article analyses the development of single-person living arrangements amongst unmarried people aged between 65 and 84 years old who did not live with a partner between 1991 and 2001 in seven European countries (Spain, France, Greece, Hungary, Portugal, Romania and Switzerland). To do so, census micro data provided by IPUMS (Integrated Public U...
To identify the effect of health deterioration on residential dependency.
We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the microdata from the Catalan Survey of Health (2006), which features a sample of 3566 individuals aged 65 and over. A set of socio-demographic (sex, age, marital status, educational level and municipality size), as well as health v...
Objectives
To identify the effect of health deterioration on residential dependency.
Projects
Projects (6)
Social isolation and loneliness are old issues of public concern which have been made more salient by the COVID-19 pandemic. The aims of the project are: (1) to analyse the factors that contribute towards social isolation and feelings of loneliness among the elderly population of the city of Barcelona; (2) to examine the benefits of neighbourhood social cohesion and community support during lockdowns; and (3) to evaluate the kinds of informal (third sector) intervention seeking to alleviate social isolation and loneliness among the city’s elderly people with the ultimate aim of providing tools and policy recommendations for making improvements in the protocols for intervention. As befits the complexity of the phenomenon, the approach will be multidisciplinary with three partners coming from: (1) the area of Demography (Centre for Demographic Studies); (2) from Urban Geography (Department of Geography, Autonomous University of Barcelona); and (3) the third sector, with representatives from the largest association of volunteers offering support for Barcelona’s elderly people since 1987, namely the Amics de la Gent Gran (Friends of the Elderly, AGG).
Financed by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (cso2013-48042-R).
The challenges posed by demographic aging to the basic pillars of the Welfare State are increasingly shaping the political agenda, especially in a context of economic crisis. Let us mention, for instance, the recent measures recently adopted with respect to the pensions system, aiming to raise the legal age for retirement. Often, though, the regulatory framework and the political will collide with the reality of facts, as it is the case of the dissociation between real and legal ages at retirement.
In the present research we aim, thus, to unravel the factors causing the premature exit of labour market and those related to the extension of working lives. We approach the question from a socio-demographic perspective including key variables such as gender, birth cohort, health status, education or living arrangements, using as far as the data allow for it life-cycle based analysis. The project has also a comparative side searching for differences among regions or countries, which could be attributed to idiosyncratic cultures or specific welfare systems.
The project turns around several research questions: In what are different those who leave the labour market and those who stay in it? How much matter, in this decision, the educational status, the work career or the family arrangements? What has been and will be the effect of cohort replacement on the standards of labour market participation of women? among others. To answer all these questions we can resort to a huge amount of statistical information, from the Encuesta de Población Activa (EPA- Labour Force Survey) to the Social Security administrative data contained in the Muestra Contínua de Vidas Laborales (MCVL Continuous Sample or Labour Lives) or the Encuestas Nacionales de Salud (ENE - National Health Surveys). At the same time, new statistical initiatives allow now international comparisons, such as the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) and Programme for the International Assessment of the Adult Competencies (PIAAC). In our research we shall use intensively these surveys, treating the data by techniques of logistic regression and survival analysis.
Along the project we shall analyse the role of each variable, testing the hypotheses that longer permanence is associated to periods of economic expansion and longer labour lives are featured by highly educated persons, who have updated their competencies along life, who have a high status in the labour market and who enjoy good health. On the other end of the professional and educational scales, the strategies would point towards a premature exit of the labour force, since the alternative is unemployment, especially in periods of crisis. After separating the circumstantial and the structural factors, we expect to find a conspicuous change among cohorts, for females in particular. In general terms, our hypotheses suggest that successive female cohorts have been moving forward the working life to make space for an increasing period of youth devoted to education, and an adult period focused on making compatible work and family life.
