Pilar Zueras

• Ph.D. Demography
• Researcher at Centre d'Estudis Demogràfics

The increasing proportion of persons living alone has come to be emblematic in many ways of modern Western societies because it represents the importance conceded to the individual and to individual goals at the expense, basically, of the family. Solo living has been interpreted within the context of changing values and preferences, changing person...

La investigación profundiza en la triple discriminación de género en la transición entre el mercado laboral y la pensión de jubilación. Para ello, se utilizan dos fuentes de datos: los módulos específicos de la Encuesta de Población Activa en 2006 y 2012 y la Muestra Continua de Vidas Laborales entre 2004 y 2016. Se construyen las tablas de permane...

Objectives We study the role of marital status and living arrangements in mortality among a 50+ population living in Europe by gender and welfare states.Methods Using data from waves 4, 5, and 6 of the Survey of Health Age and Retirement in Europe (n = 54,171), we implemented Cox proportional hazard models by gender and age groups (50–64 and 65–84)...

Changes in population and family structures are altering the provision of care for dependent older people. In Southern European countries like Spain, such care is still largely provided by family, typically spouses and adult daughters. However, an increasing proportion of women have entered the labour force, thereby affecting their availability. To...

https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1WeNj,4pFtYcF5 Introduction: The increasing participation of women in the workforce may make it difficult to sustain the current model of elderly care. The aim of this article was to determine the changing sociodemographic profile of informal elderly caregivers with disabilities, the interaction between employment a...

In Mexico, the economically active population aged over 50 years has been increasing in recent years. Due to their age, these workers may experience health deterioration and require some form of care. However, only formal employment is associated with better access to health services and pensions. At the same time, these workers may also need to ca...

Introduction Healthy life expectancy is higher among individuals with higher socioeconomic standing. However, it is unclear whether such advantage is attributable to longer (i.e., mortality advantage) or to healthier (morbidity advantage) lifespans across different health conditions. Objective Estimate the contribution of mortality and morbidity c...

Desde la modernización del sistema estadístico español en el siglo XIX, las administraciones públicas han recogido regularmente cuantiosos volúmenes de datos poblacionales a nivel municipal. Sin embargo, esta información no suele estar disponible en condiciones óptimas para su reutilización debido a su dispersión en diferentes fuentes y requiere un...

Population care needs are dynamic. They change throughout individuals’ life courses and are related to the population structure. These needs are particularly demanding during population ageing and may vary depending on how societies cope with them. In this study, we explored the unmet social care needs of individuals in twelve European countries wi...

Objectives: We analyze the profile of adults who used a mask in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Latin America, between October and November 2020, right before the mass vaccination campaigns. Study design: Based on the Latinobarometer 2020 data, we assess the individual, regional, cultural and political factors of people who used a mask i...

The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak imposed the use of the sanitary mask as a protective measure to reduce the spread of the pandemic, recommended by the World Health Organization. However, the use of the face mask has been uneven and determined by individual, regional, cultural, and political factors. Based on data from the Latinobarometer, we aim to u...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604946.].

Durant la crisi financera i la posterior recessió econòmica, l'esperança de vida a Espanya va continuar amb la seva tendència de creixement, passant de 82,3 anys al 2008 a 82,92 anys al 2014. No obstant això, en un context de baixes taxes de mortalitat, és important conèixer l'evolució del temps que vivim en bona i mala salut. La gran heterogeneïta...

During the financial crisis and subsequent economic recession, life expectancy in Spain continued its growth trend, rising from 82.3 years in 2008 to 82.92 years in 2014. However, in a context of low mortality rates, it is also important to know about the evolution of time in which we live in good and bad health. Spain’s great regional heterogeneit...

Durante la crisis financiera y la posterior recesión económica, la esperanza de vida en España continuó con su tendencia de crecimiento, pasando de 82,3 años en 2008 a 82,92 en 2014. Sin embargo, en un contexto de bajas tasas de mortalidad, es importante conocer la evolución del tiempo que vivimos en buena y mala salud. España es un país con una gr...

Objectives: This paper examines the gender gap in unhealthy life expectancy across education levels and age in Spain to understand the extent to which the gender paradox exists over education and across ages. Methods: Death registrations and vital status were taken from the Spanish Statistical Office, while the three health measures (chronic condit...

Life expectancy has long been associated with macro-level factors, including health expenditures, but little research has focused on the relationship with morbidity measures. This paper examines the relationship between the expected years lived free of and with chronic conditions (YLFCC and YLCC) at age 50 and macroeconomic and social factors inclu...

The aim of this article is to characterize the old-age support system that has been built from public policy in Mexico. To this end, it will present the development of three elements that accommodate the responses to the difficulties older adults face in Mexico: the institutional framework, the mechanisms of action and the pension system. Instituti...

Objetivo. Analizar las pautas de convivencia de la población de 60 años o más que reside en hogares privados en 23 países de América Latina y el Caribe. Métodos. Estudio transversal realizado con base en los microdatos censales más recientes disponibles en Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS)-International, la mayoría de ellos correspondi...

This paper presents a mixed model for studying the amount of time of care available from family members of elderly people with disabilities, mainly of irreversible type, like Alzheimer or other neurological diseases. This model starts with data obtained from a classical microsimulation model of kinship which provides descending genealogies of elder...

Public agencies regularly produce and publish large volumes of information in the form of disaggregated empirical data at different geographic levels. However, access to this information is limited by the dispersion of data across a diversity of sources, formats, and means of access. Here at the Center for Demographic Studies (CED) we have promoted...

Las administraciones públicas producen y publican regularmente volúmenes cuantiosos de información en forma de datos empíricos desagregados a distintas escalas territoriales. Sin embargo, el acceso a esta in- formación está limitado por la dispersión de los datos en distintos repositorios, la diversidad de formatos y la disparidad de modalidades de...

Les administracions públiques produeixen i publiquen regularment volums quantiosos d'informació en forma de dades empíriques desagregades a diferents escales territorials. No obstant això, l'accés a aquesta informació està limitat per la dispersió de les dades en diferents repositoris, la diversitat de formats i la disparitat de modalitats d'accés....

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240923.].

La COVID-19 ha suposat una aturada en la contínua progressió de l’esperança de vida en néixer, que a Espanya es situava entre les més altes del món. Malgrat que el seu efecte depressiu sigui conjuntural, ja que s’espera que millori de forma ràpida els propers anys, ens ha fet reflexionar sobre l’evolució prèvia a la pandèmia. És cert que l’augment...

La COVID-19 ha supuesto un parón en la continua progresión de la esperanza de vida al nacer, que en España se situaba entre las más altas del mundo. A pesar de que su efecto depresivo sea coyuntural, ya que se espera que mejore de forma rápida en los próximos años, nos ha hecho reflexionar sobre la evolución previa a la pandemia. Es cierto que el a...

The COVID-19 pandemic has put a stop to the continuous progression in life expectancy at birth, in which Spain was one of the world leaders. Although this downward effect is a result of the present conjuncture and it is hoped that recovery will be swift in the coming years, this situation has led us to consider the evolution prior to the pandemic....

Life expectancy in Spain is among the highest in the world. Nevertheless, we do not know if improvements in health conditions at older ages have followed postponements of death. Previous studies in Spain show a stable trend in years lived in ill health in the past. In this paper we investigate changes between 2006, 2012 and 2017 in life expectancy...

Changes in population and family structures are increasing the demand for old-age care that in southern European countries like Spain is still largely provided by family, typically spouses and adult daughters, although an increasing proportion of women have entered the labour force. To study the demand and supply balance of informal care and quanti...

This study analyses whether care providing strategies for non-institutionalized older adults have changed in the context of a new system of long-term care that emanated from the 2006 “Dependency Act”, and a lingering economic crisis. The Spanish sample of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (waves 2006 and 2013) is employed to ana...

Informe per a l'Observatori Metropolità de l'Habitatge de Barcelona. Recerca Laboratori Envelliment i Habitatge 12/2019 L’envelliment és un dels canvis demogràfics que més impacte tindran en el futur. És un procés general i global que té expressions diferents segons el territori i l’escala. Però a tot arreu, la gestió de les polítiques públiques ha...

Objective: The short- and medium-term consequences of the economic crisis since 2008 has become a cause of concern for population health. The study's objective was to analyse health inequalities according to the socioeconomic profile of the Catalan population aged 50 year and older. Methods: Cross-sectional study using data from the Catalan Heal...

La respuesta del Estado a la crisis económica actual no ha sido la misma que la de los años ochenta y noventa. Entonces se hizo uso de la extensión extraordinaria de la prestación por desempleo y la prejubilación, en la actualidad (el Estado) busca extender al máximo la vida laboral a través de la restricción de ambas vías. Se utiliza la Encuesta d...

The institutionalised population aged 65 and over in Catalonia has been on the constant upswing in recent decades because of both improved survival and the expansion of institutionalisation. Although in relative terms it only comprised 4% of population aged 65 and over in 2011, its prevalence increases dramatically beyond age 80. Because this popul...

This paper discusses the dependency ratio in the contributory Social Security system after it became autonomous from the National Health system. This separation occurred in 2002 and, some time later, the Social Security system made available for research purposes a sample of 4% of its records from the contributory scheme known as the Muestra Contin...

The public pension system in Spain today constitutes an excellent example of solidarity between generations: the cohorts which pay into the contribution system support those who receive some kind of pension. Figure 1 shows the structure of the population linked with Social Security by age, sex and contributing situation in 2014. The whole system is...

En una España con pleno empleo, y menor incapacidad, la dependencia en el sistema de pensiones se reduciría a menos de la mitad de la que actualmente sufrimos. Por cada 1 dependiente habría 3 contribuyentes. Según la mayoría de expertos, la principal amenaza a la sostenibilidad del sistema de pensiones proviene de la demografía. Se argumenta que el...

En una Espanya amb plena ocupació i menor incapacitat, la dependència en el sistema de pensions es reduiria a menys de la meitat de la que actualment patim. Per cada 1 dependent hi hauria 3 contribuents. Segons la majoria d’experts, la principal amenaça a la sostenibilitat del sistema de pensions prové de la demografia. S’argumenta que l’envellimen...

In a Spain with full employment and less incapacity, dependence on the pension system would be less than half of what it is at present. For each dependent person there would be three contributors. Most experts say that the main threat to the stability of the pension system comes from demography. It is argued that population ageing would increase th...

This paper examines socioeconomic determinants of disability for the Spanish population aged 65 to 89 years, born between 1910 and 1944. To do this, we use microdata from four waves of the National Health Survey of Spain (ENSE): 1997, 2001, 2006 and 2011/12. A continuous indicator of disability based on activities of daily life is constructed which...

This paper examines socioeconomic determinants of disability for the Spanish population aged 65 to 89 years, born between 1910 and 1944. To do this, we use microdata from four waves of the National Health Survey of Spain (ENSE): 1997, 2001, 2006 and 2011/12. A continuous indicator of disability based on activities of daily life is constructed which...

Analizamos la cobertura de cuidados de la población mayor de 64 años con necesidad asistencial y su fuente de provisión, distinguiendo el cuidado formal e informal, ya sea provisto desde dentro o desde fuera del hogar. Partimos de la hipótesis de que a pesar de las transformaciones sociales y políticas hacia una sociedad con más igualdad de género...

The institutionalized population aged 65 and over in Catalonia is constantly increasing, both because of improved survival and as a consequence of the expansion of institutionalization in recent decades. Although in relative terms it only comprised 4% of the population aged 65 and over in 2011, its prevalence increases dramatically beyond age 80. I...

This paper analyses the population aged 65 and over who do not live with a partner, in ten European countries participating in the four editions of the “Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe”, from 2004/5 to 2010/1. Logistic regression for panel data is used to analyse the ratio between living with others and living alone (not consideri...

This paper analyzes two possible determinants of disability, birth cohort and socioeconomic status, among Spanish elderly aged 65-89 living independently. We use microdata from the Spanish Health Interview Survey, particularly the self-reported ability to perform daily activities, to construct a continuous measure of disability. Multivariate linear...

Cross-sectional studies show an apparent increase in parent-child coresidence with age when mature adult age, and particularly among the elderly. This paper seeks new insights on their living arrangements in the Spanish region of Catalonia by applying Age Period Cohort analysis to census microdata. Results reveal that the increase in the age at whi...

An ageing population may be seen as a challenge for the foundations of welfare States or as a unique opportunity to take advantage of the dramatic expansion of coexistence spans between different generations. Regarding the latter, successfully facing population ageing requires an implementation of measures which promote a collaboration and solidari...

This article analyses the development of single-person living arrangements amongst unmarried people aged between 65 and 84 years old who did not live with a partner between 1991 and 2001 in seven European countries (Spain, France, Greece, Hungary, Portugal, Romania and Switzerland). To do so, census micro data provided by IPUMS (Integrated Public U...

To identify the effect of health deterioration on residential dependency. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the microdata from the Catalan Survey of Health (2006), which features a sample of 3566 individuals aged 65 and over. A set of socio-demographic (sex, age, marital status, educational level and municipality size), as well as health v...

Objectives To identify the effect of health deterioration on residential dependency.