Pietro Manzoni

• PhD Computer Science
• Professor (Full) at Polytechnic University of Valencia

Cellular communication standards have been established to ensure connectivity across most urban environments, complemented by deployment hardware and facilities tailored for city life. At the same time, numerous initiatives seek to broaden connectivity to rural and developing areas. However, with nearly half the global population still offline, the...

Embedded machine learning (ML) on low-power devices, also known as "TinyML," enables intelligent applications on accessible hardware and fosters collaboration across disciplines to solve real-world problems. Its interdisciplinary and practical nature makes embedded ML education appealing, but barriers remain that limit its accessibility, especially...

In the last decade, the popularity of UAVs, colloquially known as drones, has increased tremendously. Nowadays, drones are used in a wide range of use-cases, such as precision agriculture, surveillance, and photography. Many of these use-cases can be made more efficient if multiple UAVs are used cooperatively (i.e., in a swarm). To achieve this, co...

Environmental intelligence aims to improve the decision-making process for high social and environmental value ecosystems. To this end, data are collected using different sensors to allow monitoring of different variables of interest. Typically, these ecosystems cover a large geographical area, with spots of low or no connectivity, preventing their...

In recent years, the rapid progress of Artificial Intelligence (AI) coupled with the rapid connectivity offered by the Internet of Things (IoT) has paved the way for a transformative framework that holds immense potential for the implementation of novel and groundbreaking ideas, and to provide innovative solutions to enhance the daily life of peopl...

Accidents are the main hurdles for using bicycles to change our transport habits. After many studies, there is no generally adopted solution. Two (non exclusive) approaches can be applied: one is based on the direct detection among vehicles, usually requiring additional hardware. The other consists of communicating through an external server which...

The increasing demand for efficient and safe transportation systems has led to the development of autonomous vehicles and vehicle platooning. Truck platooning, in particular, offers numerous benefits, such as reduced fuel consumption, enhanced traffic flow, and increased safety. In this paper, we present a drone-based decentralized framework for tr...

In this chapter, we explore how the mobility of nodes influences the performance of opportunistic networks. First, we start with a general discussion of how scale and density are defined and how those impact the dissemination of data in opportunistic networks. Then, we dive deeper into how to gather realistic mobility data from real-world scenarios...

Security is of paramount importance in Opportunistic Networks (OppNets) due to its unique characteristics and operational challenges. OppNets are designed for environments with intermittent or disrupted connectivity such as disaster recovery. In such scenarios, traditional end-to-end communication models may not be feasible, making OppNets a crucia...

In this chapter, we discuss the challenges when comparing different opportunistic solutions (mostly forwarding protocols, but the discussion can be easily applied to any opportunistic services). We will look into what benchmarks are in general, which benchmarks exist for opportunistic networks, and how to use and interpret their results.

Data dissemination is the main research and implementation challenge in opportunistic networks. It addresses the question of how to forward data in a resource-efficient but also fast way. The main concept is called store-carry-forward, which means that nodes forward the data to other nodes, which carry it around until finding a better forwarder or...

Effective environmental monitoring is crucial for managing global environmental challenges and providing the necessary data for Environmental Intelligence (EI). This discipline involves the integration of data from various sources to gain a comprehensive understanding of specific regions or processes. In this paper, we introduce BODOQUE, a hardware...

Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) is an OASIS standard publish/subscribe protocol widely used for Internet of Things (IoT) deployments since it provides efficient many-to-many communications. IoT deployments may include mobile devices leading to unstable and intermittent wireless connections. MQTT relies on TCP and hence faces difficulties...

Debido a la creciente popularidad de los vehículos aéreos no tripulados (VANTs), podemos observar un interés cada vez mayor en las aplicaciones multi-VANTs. Muchas aplicaciones como: la agricultura de precisión, la vigilancia de fronteras, la infraestructura móvil para el IoT, etc., pueden beneficiarse enormemente si los VANTs trabajan de manera co...

Today, billions of small devices that can sense things are connected, creating the Internet of Things (IoT). This major technological step has led to ideas like smart cities, smart factories, and smart countries. One important use of this technology is pervasive sensing, which could benefit from a network that covers a wide area but does not use mu...

In this paper, we introduce an innovative approach to handling the multi-armed bandit (MAB) problem in non-stationary environments, harnessing the predictive power of large language models (LLMs). With the realization that traditional bandit strategies, including epsilon-greedy and upper confidence bound (UCB), may struggle in the face of dynamic c...

Due to the increasing popularity of UAVs, we can observe a growing interest in multi-UAV applications. Many applications such as precision agriculture, border surveillance, mobile infrastructure for the IoT, etc., can benefit greatly if the UAVs are working together. However, to enable this cooperation, the UAVs must be able to communicate wireless...

Due to the increasing popularity of UAVs, and UAV applications, the need for accurate simulation tools is now greater than ever. Simulations allow for a fast, cheap, and most importantly, safe way to test new applications and protocols. However, due to their complexity, most of the existing UAV simulators only allow simulating either the UAV physic...

In the last decade, the popularity of UAVs has increased tremendously. Nowadays, many researchers are interested in UAV swarms. Coordinating a swarm of UAVs is a complicated task and many problems should be addressed before wide-spread adoption. In this work, we focus on the take-off for large-scale UAV swarms, with an extra focus on the assignment...

This topical collection focuses on applying sensors and communications technologies for social good [...]

The combination of Artificial Intelligence and the Internet of Things (AIoT) is enabling the next economic revolution in which data and immediacy are at the key players. Agriculture is one of the sectors that can benefit most from the use of AIoT to optimise resources and reduce its environmental footprint. However, this convergence requires comput...

The pub/sub pattern is gaining momentum in IoT architectures, thanks to its robustness and since it offers many-to-many communication. Efficient network management is needed when only scarce and unreliable resources are available as network infrastructure. Moreover, any form of centralized control should be avoided so as not to limit the applicatio...

Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) is an expanding research area based on pushing intelligence to the edge and bringing machine learning techniques to very small devices and embedded systems applications. TinyML reduces energy expenditure, uses low bandwidth communications technologies, and adds more privacy to the developed applications. This work, pr...

As we gradually move towards smarter cities, having greater control of the traffic in the city becomes of utmost importance. In addition, to efficiently manage such traffic, it is critical to be able to predict the impact of different traffic policies, and potential changes to the city road systems structure. To this end, accurate traffic simulatio...

Tracker tags, such as Apple’s AirTags and Tile’s trackers, are small and cheap devices for finding lost items. Tags use Bluetooth technology and community tracking to find the location of lost tags whenever a compatible smartphone passes nearby. When we lose a tag, several questions may arise, like what are the chances of finding it? Or, when will...

Sensors are increasingly collecting data everywhere, changing how we relate to and manage the environment. These data answer scientific questions of researchers, but can also generate social, cultural, and political effects, reinforcing the need for data in near real time. In this work, a low-power, scalable, and sustainable communication solution...

In recent years, we have seen a tremendous growth in the adoption of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Nowadays, UAVs are used in many different industries such as agriculture, inspection (bridges, pipelines, etc.), parcel delivery, etc. In the near future, this will lead to a substantial increase of aircraft in our airspace, especially in urban are...

Desde hace algunos años, la investigación sobre el uso de vehículos aéreos no tripulados (VANTs) se ha vuelto muy popular, y por ello ya existe una amplia gama de aplicaciones comerciales y militares. Concretamente, la tendencia hacia el vuelo autónomo va en aumento. Dicho vuelo requiere que los VANTs tengan la capacidad de navegar en entornos urba...

Message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT), one of the most popular application layer protocols for the Internet of Things, works according to a publish/subscribe paradigm where clients connect to a centralized broker. Sometimes (e.g., in high scalability and low-latency applications), it is required to depart from such a centralized approach and m...

In the last decades, smart cities have become a popular work area. One of the primary purposes of these sustainable cities is to lower pollution and waste, giving a solution to health hazards and environmental risks. This paper presents an application that shows the level of the primary pollutants and the air quality index, focusing on the city of...

Controlling the spreading of infectious diseases has been shown crucial in the COVID-19 pandemic. Traditional contact tracing is used to detect newly infected individuals by tracing their previous contacts, and by selectively checking and isolating any individuals likely to have been infected. Digital contact tracing with the utilisation of smartph...

The Internet of Things (IoT) enables the next economic revolution in which data and immediacy are the key players. Edge computing is a compelling alternative for enabling computing capabilities at the network's edge. These computing capabilities could help transform the generated data into useful information by executing machine learning (ML) workl...

In recent years, the adoption of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has widely spread to different sectors worldwide. Technological advances in this field have made it possible to coordinate the flight of these aircraft so as to conform a swarm. A UAV swarm is defined as a group of UAVs working collaboratively to carry out more complex missions or per...

An Analysis of many IoT deployments showed that most of them can address the sustainable development goals (SDGs) and the UN’s 2030 agenda. Interestingly, most of these projects concentrate on five SDGs: 1) industry, innovation, infrastructure; 2) smart cities and communities; 3) affordable and clean energy; 4) good health and well-being; and 5) re...

Currently multicopters are facing a continuous growth in terms of recreational uses, and multiple companies focused on these aircrafts to facilitate certain tasks that were nearly inaccessible to humans, or otherwise involved a great cost. In this context, the drone swarm concept allows us to broaden and incorporate new, more refined applications i...

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are offering many global industry sectors the opportunity to adopt more sustainable business models. They offer innovative ways of managing resources and water and offer newer opportunities to address key challenges in many areas like border surveillance, precision agriculture and search and rescue missions. All thes...

Green parks are the only natural places for recreation in many metropolitan areas, and the European Commission is seeking to improve their air quality and, consequently, citizens’ physical and mental health. One of the recently adopted approaches is to achieve pollution abatement in these green areas by reducing nearby traffic. In this paper, we an...

The field of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has progressed greatly in the last years. UAVs are now used for many applications and are often flown automatically. One commonly implemented feature in an automatic flight is that of following a mission at a stable altitude. However, this altitude is almost always referenced from the take-off location a...

This paper presents the features and benefits of legacy IPv4 network migration towards major two latest networking paradigms viz. Internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) and the software-defined networking (SDN). These latest networking paradigms are the enabler of future generation networking so that the standards and requirements of fifth generation (...

Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is already a well-established networking paradigm. It has a successful story of implementation in the data center network, while its implementation in telecommunications (Telco) and Internet service provider (ISP) networks Worldwide is an ongoing research and implementation. The bigger paradigm shifts in network op...

Internet and telecom service providers worldwide are facing financial sustainability issues in migrating their existing legacy IPv4 networking system due to backward compatibility issues with the latest generation networking paradigms viz. Internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) and software-defined networking (SDN). Bench marking of existing networking...

Vehicle-related pollution is a main issue for many large metropolitan areas, and city administrations seek effective methods to improve the life quality of citizens, especially in downtown areas, and near places like hospitals or schools. One of the methods recently adopted is closing down these areas to traffic. However, the impact of such approac...

Recent developments in the unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) field have made evident the need for a standardization process of the communication technologies supporting direct information exchange, thus enabling UAV-to-UAV networking. We consider this is necessary to achieve all sorts of cooperative tasks requiring real-time (or near-real-time) synch...

The use of UAVs has been growing steadily over the last years. Now that even the industry is adopting them for a wide range of activities, it can be said with certainty that UAVs will become an important asset for many enterprises. We foresee that, due to affordable prices, applications with groups of UAVs, also called swarms, will become mainstrea...

The LoRa technology enables long distance links with reduced power consumption at low cost, the main limitation being the low bandwidth that it offers. With LoRa, remote locations, like rural areas, can benefit from connectivity based services that would otherwise be impossible. In this work, we describe a LoRa architecture that can include generic...

This paper presents the features and benefits of legacy IPv4 network migration towards major two latest networking paradigms viz. Internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) and the software-defined networking (SDN). These latest networking paradigms are the enabler of future generation networking so that the standards and requirements of fifth generation (...

A medida que aumenta el interés crecimiento del campo de los vehículos aéreos no tripulados (VANTs), siguen surgiendo nuevas aplicaciones y servicios a un ritmo acelerado. Hoy en día, el interés por los grupos de VANTs que trabajan juntos (enjambres) está ganando impulso. Los enjambres pueden realizar tareas más sofisticadas de forma más eficiente...

La contaminación relacionada con los vehículos es uno de los principales problemas de muchas grandes áreas metropolitanas, y la administración y ayuntamientos buscan métodos eficaces para mejorar la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos, especialmente en las zonas céntricas y cerca de lugares como hospitales o escuelas. Uno de los métodos adoptados rec...

Los lugares remotos de las zonas rurales pueden beneficiarse de cualquier sistema que proporcione algún tipo de conectividad. En un trabajo anterior describimos una arquitectura de bajo coste que, gracias al uso de la tecnología LoRa, permitía realizar enlaces largos utilizando poca energía y una infraestructura de bajo coste. En este trabajo ampli...

RQ1: What are the challenges, risks, and strategies for the migration of legacy IPv4 networks into SoDIP6 networks? RQ2: What is/are the intelligent approach(s) for joint network migration planning and cost optimization? RQ3: What are the roles of SoDIP6 networks for future sustainability of service providers and the society? OB1: Analyze the joint...

SDN and IPv6 networks are the latest networking paradigms emerged to avoid all the control, management, and operation complexities with issues of routing and security in legacy IPv4 networking system. But the lack of backward compatibility with IPv6 and SDN creates many challenges for service providers to migrate their legacy networking infrastruct...

Data are becoming increasingly personal. Individuals regularly interact with a variety of structured data, ranging from SQLite databases on the phone to personal sensors and open government data. The “digital traces left by individuals through these interactions” are sometimes referred to as “small data”. Examples of “small data” include driving re...

As we witness the fast growth of the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) field, new applications and services emerge at a rapid pace. Above all, the interest in groups of UAVs working together (swarms) is gaining momentum. This interest emerges since swarms are able to undertake more sophisticated tasks. Furthermore, they can also increase task perform...

Floods are expected to increase in the coming years due to global warming. The early identification of water-based disasters can be life-saving, and the challenge is to identify appropriate and timely warning measures. Social media tools such as Twitter provide citizens with a real-time communication channel for reporting problems related to our en...

In the coming years, regulation changes and market pushing are expected to relax existing restrictions to UAV flights. In this new scenario, we expect to encounter a greater number of UAVs over our cities, citizens, and critical infrastructures. Such changes impose new requirements in terms of safety, coordination, and operations management that mu...

Sharing information or simply keeping in touch has become necessary, usually through smartphone messaging applications. However, using these applications is difficult in places where there is no telecommunications infrastructure or transmission channels are saturated. In this context, the use of opportunistic networks is a feasible alternative to p...

Financially sustainable solution is the need to migrate legacy IPv4 network infrastructure into latest networking paradigms viz. Software-defined networking (SDN) and the Internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) addressing. For Internet service provider (ISP) networks, IP routers are either to be upgraded or replaced with new device to transform the netw...

This paper studies a problem for seamless migration of legacy networks of Internet service providers to a software-defined networking (SDN)-based architecture along with the transition to the full adoption of the Internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) connectivity. Migration of currently running legacy IPv4 networks into such new approaches requires ei...

Over the last few years we have witnessed an exponential growth in the adoption of LoRaWAN as LPWAN technology for IoT. While LoRaWAN offers many advantages, one of its limitations is the paltry data rate. Most IoT applications don't require a high throughput but there are some that would benefit from a higher data rate. In this paper, we present T...

In this paper we use a “frugal innovation approach” to propose an efficient and generic solution to provide support to the deployment of IoT system in rural areas. Our proposal includes an MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) proxy to integrate generic low-cost and low-power sensor devices in a messaging system based on LoRa (Long Range) tech...

One of the strategies to control the spread of infectious diseases is based on the use of specialized applications for smartphones. These apps offer the possibility, once individuals are detected to be infected, to trace their previous contacts in order to test and detect new possibly-infected individuals. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of...

Unmanned Aerial vehicles (UAVs) have gained a lot of interest over the last years due to the many fields of potential application. Nowadays, researchers are becoming interested in groups of UAVs working together. The collaborations between UAVs open a wide field of opportunities, because they are typically able to do more sophisticated tasks than a...

The logical separation of the data plane and the control plane of the network device conceptually defined by software-defined networking (SDN) creates many opportunities to create smart networking with better efficiency for network management and operation. SDN implementation over telecommunications (Telcos) and Internet service provider (ISP) netw...

As we experience an unprecedented growth in the field of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), more and more applications keep arising due to the combination of low cost and flexibility provided by these flying devices, especially those of the multirrotor type. Within this field, solutions where several UAVs team-up to create a swarm are gaining momentu...

The cover figure has won the award and selected as the front cover page of Vol 33 Issue 11 of IJCS journal based on the Research Article Evolutionary Gaming Approach for Decision Making of Tier‐3 ISP Networks Migration to SoDIP6 Networks by Babu R. Dawadi et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.4399

Mobile crowdsensing (MCS) is a technique where people with computing and sensing devices such as smartphones collectively share data that are of potential interest to the rest of society. MCS includes two different trends (i) mobile sensing, which shares raw data generated from the sensors that are embedded in mobile devices, and (ii) social sensin...

In this paper we describe a low-cost and low-power consumption messaging system based on LoRa technology. More that one billion people worldwide cannot access even the most basic connectivity services. For them even simple messaging services would be of great help, for example to farmers wishing to know the price of goods they want to sell or buy b...

In this paper we present a smartphone-based real-time video overtaking architecture for vehicular networks. The developed application aims to prevent head-on collisions that might occur due to attempts to overtake when the view of the driver is obstructed by the presence of a larger vehicle ahead. Under such conditions, the driver does not have a c...

The combination of Mobile Crowdsensing (MCS) with Opportunistic Networking (OppNet) allows mobile users to share sensed data easily and conveniently without the use of fixed infrastructure. OppNet is based on intermittent connectivity among wireless mobile devices, in which mobile nodes may store, carry and forward messages (sensing information) by...