Pierre-Majorique Léger

HEC Montréal | HEC Montreal · Department of Information Technologies

In a recent theoretical synthesis on the concept of engagement, Fredricks, Blumenfeld and Paris1 defined engagement by its multiple dimensions: behavioral, emotional and cognitive. They observed that individual types of engagement had not been studied in conjunction, and little information was available about interactions or synergy between the dim...

The treadmill desk is a new human–computer interaction (HCI) setup intended to reduce the time workers spend sitting. As most workers will not choose to spend their entire workday walking, this study investigated the short-term delayed effect of treadmill desk usage. An experiment was conducted in which participants either sat or walked while they...

Léger, P.-M., Sénécal, S., Courtemanche, F., Ortiz de Guinea, A., Titah, R., Fredette, M., Labonté-Lemoyne, É. (Forthcoming) “Precision is in the Eye of the Beholder: Application of Eye Fixation-Related Potentials to Information Systems Research”, Journal of the Association for Information Systems, Special Issue on Methods, Tools, and Measurement i...

Various aspects of intrinsic motivation have long been theorized as key determinants of learning achievement. The present research seeks deeper insights into these intrinsically motivating mechanisms by investigating neurophysiological correlates of cognitive absorption in the context of enactive learning, specifically simulation-based training on...

Behavioral beliefs – perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use – have been identified as the most influential antecedents of individuals’ information systems use intentions and behaviors within the technology acceptance model. However, little research has been aimed at investigating the implicit (automatic or unconscious) determinants of such...

Characterizing brain activities underlying text reading in an ecologically valid context and identifying whether aspects of these activities are independent of one’s state of cognitive absorption (CA) are important yet unexplored lines of research in cognitive neuroscience. This study investigated the oculometric behavior and electroencephalographi...

Background Cognitive functional ability affects the accessibility of IT and is thus something that should be controlled for in user experience (UX) research. However, many cognitive function assessment batteries are long and complex, making them impractical for use in conventional experimental time frames. Therefore, there is a need for a short and...

Sustaining optimal task engagement is becoming vital in smart factories, where manufacturing operators' roles are increasingly shifting from hands-on machinery tasks to supervising complex automated systems. However, because monitoring tasks are inherently less engaging than manual operation tasks, operators may have a growing difficulty in keeping...

The use of artificial intelligence in education (AIEd) has grown exponentially in the last decade, particularly using intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs). Despite the increased use of ITSs and their promise to improve learning, their real educational value remains unclear. Therefore, this systematic review aims to identify which experimental design...

The fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) is characterized by strategies aimed towards process, product, and service improvement through technology interconnectivity, decision-making speed, and automation capacity. These strategies, in which artificial intelligence (AI) plays a central role, emphasize technological advancement to drastically...

The increased prevalence of human-AI collaboration is reshaping the manufacturing sector, fundamentally changing the nature of human work and training needs. While high automation improves performance when functioning correctly, it can lead to problematic human performance (e.g., defect detection accuracy, response time) when operators are required...

Background: This study provides a comprehensive overview of current supply chain challenges and how they are taught within university circles or among supply chain professionals to simulate reality. Methods: The study applied a systematic literature review, using bibliometric co-citation and concept-centered content analysis for a comprehensive rev...

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in manufacturing is shifting the focus of operators from manual labor to cognitive supervision roles. While this transition demands more engagement from operators, the less stimulating nature of monitoring tasks has, paradoxically, reduced operator involvement, consequently presenting new challenges i...

Situation awareness has become a popular method for modelling human–automated process allocation and, more recently, applied to model collaboration between humans and autonomous artificially intelligent agents. However, the role of how to distribute decision-making within this new collaborative paradigm remains underexplored. In this manuscript pap...

Intelligent systems support decision-makers in complex tasks by utilizing advanced technologies such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, or deep learning. Despite their potential to increase decision performance, several barriers exist to the widespread adoption of these complex systems. By examining the past IS adoption literature and th...

Seuls 21 % des employés se considèrent engagés au travail. Le désengagement, générant une variété de résultats négatifs dont l'absentéisme et la perte de productivité, est encore plus problématique lorsque le travail est de nature répétitive. La gamification, c'est-à-dire l'intégration d'éléments de jeu dans les systèmes de travail, est une solutio...

As it is the case for many business processes and activities disciplines, artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated in human resources management (HRM). While AI has great potential to augment the HRM activities in organizations, automating the management of humans is not without risks and limitations. The identification of these risk...

As the digital era is witnessing huge commercial success driven by design innovations focusing on usability as well as utility, businesses have also been positioning user experience (UX) research as the cornerstone of the competitiveness of their products and services. However, UX data analysis can be costly and demanding in terms of monetary and h...

Information representations such as ratings and reviews play an important role in assisting users to make decisions in online environments. Prior information systems (IS) research has mostly focused on the role of extreme valence, i.e., positivity and/or negativity of information, portrayed by such representations. Yet this bipolar approach discoun...

Personalized product recommendations are widely used by online retailers to combat choice overload, a phenomenon where excessive product information adversely increases the cognitive workload of the consumer, thereby degrading their decision quality and shopping experience. However, scientific evidence on the benefits of personalized recommendation...

Virtual reality (VR) has served the entertainment industry all the way to world-leading museums in delivering engaging experiences through multisensory virtual environments (VEs). Today, the rise of the Metaverse fuels a growing interest in leveraging this technology, bringing along an emerging need to better understand the way different dimensions...

Digital mental health intervention (DMHI) programs offered in schools present a readily-accessible and flexible means for educating, empowering, and supporting adolescents in maintaining a balanced mental health, especially during uncertain and stressful times such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Recent studies indicate that the effectiveness of DMHI pro...

To counteract declining interest in science, contextualizing course material has been suggested, despite little evidence supporting this strategy. We assessed how reading physics problems in different contexts-none, technical, or humanistic-impacted performance and implicit cognitive and affective situational interest (SI) among undergraduate men a...

Advice-giving systems such as decision support systems and recommender systems (RS) utilize algorithms to provide users with decision support by generating ‘advice’ ranging from tailored alerts for situational exception events to product recommendations based on preferences. Related extant research of user perceptions and behaviors has predominantl...

Drawing from the tension between a company’s desire for customer information to tailor experiences and a consumer’s need for privacy, this study aims to test the effect of two information disclosure nudges on users’ information disclosure behaviors. Whereas previous literature on user-chatbot interaction focused on encouraging and increasing users’...

The recruitment of disabled participants for conducting usability evaluation of accessible information and communication technologies (ICT) is a challenge that current research faces. To overcome these challenges, researchers have been calling upon able-bodied participants to undergo disability simulations. However, this practice has been criticize...

Research methods to better understand the habituation process of individuals’ repeated task performance are constantly improving. However, data collection methods from a longitudinal perspective have been overlooked. Thus, the aim of this study is to explore the feasibility of collecting psychophysiological data remotely over several days. Through...

Haptic technologies are widely used in multimedia entertainment to increase the immersiveness of the experience. Studies regarding the psychological effects of haptics during audiovisual (AV) entertainment support this notion. However, the neurophysiological mechanism by which haptics increase AV immersion remains unclarified. Using between groups...

The integration of artificially intelligent decision support system agents as part of the external resourcing function of human resources management raises the issue of the effectiveness of the collaborative process between these agents and human resources managers and the cognitive and perceptual factors underlying the willingness to delegate such...

We report on the development progress of a closed beta trial of the COBALT ecosystem, a suite of instruments and software developed to make psychophysiological research accessible to the NeuroIS community and beyond. We provide an overview of the ecosystem and early feedback derived from interview data. The current synthesis of these data indicates...

With ongoing technological advances, artificial intelligence (AI) tools are becoming increasingly capable of handling not only repetitive tasks, but also so called “white collar” knowledge work involving abstract cognition and communication to accomplish complex tasks. However, AI’s limitations regarding adapting and processing exception events, fi...

This research in progress manuscript reports on the preliminary findings of a scoping literature review that uncovers the constituent elements of Artificial Intelligence-based (AI) applications as a radically new type of digital artifact and compares them with those of non-AI-based applications to articulate theoretical propositions related to thei...

Research within AI-based Industry 4.0 (I4.0) work systems has predominantly focused on technical and process performance, while human and psychosocial factors are rarely examined. These factors must be considered to design human-centred systems that cultivate sustainable human-AI interaction, i.e., human-AI interaction that promotes long-term well-...

Background The number of accidents due to distracted pedestrian is on the rise and many governments and institutions are enacting public policies which restrict texting while walking. However, pedestrians do more than just texting when they use their mobile devices on the go. Objective Exploring pedestrian multitasking, this paper aims to examine...

With the increase in vehicle automation, the role of the driver is shifting towards that of a partner or a teammate of the automated system. In this collaboration, the driver needs to monitor the environment and be a fallback operator of the automated system to ensure the performance and safety of driving, especially in the case of transition of co...

Business process models are widely used artifacts in design activities to facilitate communication about business domains and processes. Despite being an extensively researched topic, some aspects of conceptual business modeling are yet to be fully explored and understood by academicians and practitioners alike. We study the attentional characteris...

Texting while walking (TWW) is a dangerous behavior that can lead to injury and even death. While several studies have examined the relationship between smartphone use and stress, to our knowledge no studies have yet investigated the relationship between stress and TWW. The objective of the present study was to investigate this relationship by exam...

With the emergent focus on human-centered artificial intelligence (HCAI), research is required to understand the humanistic aspects of AI design, identify the mechanisms through which user concerns may be alleviated, thereby positively influencing AI adoption. To fill this void, we introduce “Situation Awareness” (SA) as a conceptual framework for...

Discontinuance of information systems (IS) is a common phenomenon. It is thus critical to understand the decision process and psychophysiological mechanisms that underlie the intention and corresponding behaviors to discontinue IS use, particularly within the digital financial technology usage context, where continuance rates remain low despite inc...

Explainable artificial intelligence aims to bring transparency to artificial intelligence (AI) systems by translating, simplifying, and visualizing its decisions. While society remains skeptical about AI systems, studies show that transparent and explainable AI systems can help improve the Human-AI trust relationship. This manuscript presents two s...

Due to lack of in-person social interactions and stressful conditions resulting from schools’ closures, major lockdowns, and other restrictions imposed for preventing the further spread of COVID-19, there has been a great concern regarding adolescents’ mental well-being and their access to mental health resources. Now, e-mental health resources tha...

Due to the pandemic-induced mobility restrictions, time spent in front of a device, videoconferencing, and, in particular, e-learning increased significantly. Zoom and other video conferencing applications will continue to be part of our everyday life as organizations decide to continue to work remotely in the years to come. Multitasking has been l...

UNSTRUCTURED Nowadays, adolescents have more access to electronic devices and the internet than ever before. The fast adoption of social networking for everyday life purposes has made it difficult for them to refrain from being in a perpetual state of connectivity. In parallel with that, a mental-health epidemic affecting this same generation has e...

Avec leurs multiples fonctions et applications, les téléphones intelligents font partie intégrante de notre quotidien. À un point tel qu’ils sont pratiquement devenus un prolongement de nous-mêmes. Or, ils génèrent aussi certaines difficultés en milieu de travail. Aperçu de ce que les employeurs peuvent faire pour mieux encadrer leur utilisation.

This research reports empirical evidence of the pedagogical benefits of using two interactive types of immersive spherical dome screens (large and small). Results are drawn from an experiment measuring the emotional, cognitive, perceptual/attitudinal states, and learning outcomes of 102 participants divided into control/experimental groups and grou...

The rapid rise of voice user interface technology has changed the way users traditionally interact with interfaces, as tasks requiring gestural or visual attention are swapped by vocal commands. This shift has equally affected designers, required to disregard common digital interface guidelines in order to adapt to non-visual user interaction (No-U...

Virtual Reality (VR) is known for its ability to immerse users in a parallel universe. Accordingly, VR offers great potential for mindfulness therapy, especially in a post-pandemic world. However, the extent to which our senses should be recruited to yield an optimal feeling of presence in the Virtual Environment (VE) remains unclear. This study in...

Arguably, automation is fast transforming many enterprise business processes, transforming operational jobs into monitoring tasks. Consequently, the ability to sustain attention during extended periods of monitoring is becoming a critical skill. This manuscript presents a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) prototype which seeks to combat decrements in...

We report on a pilot study investigating the influence of financial stress and technostress on users' responses towards digital financial transactions. We developed a two-factor within-subject design, where techno-unreliability as variable system response time under time pressure and perceived financial loss were manipulated in a 3x2 design. We col...

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the implicit and explicit learning experiences of two distinct training segments, a tutorial and a Free Play Mode (FPM), of a desktop-based virtual reality (VR) medical operations simulator to assess aspects of learnability for a first-time user. Our goal was to evaluate the tutorial simulator and Us...

There is a need to train newcomers to NeuroIS on neuroscientific tools and methodologies. Due to the pandemic, existing syllabi required adaptation to enable remote training. In this paper, we present a syllabus aimed at providing hands-on distance learning and EEG training. The proposed syllabus was pretested during a Ph.D. course on Neuroscience...

Collaboration between two individuals is thought to be associated with the synchrony of two different brain activities. Indeed, prefrontal cortical activation and alpha frequency band modulation has been widely reported, but little is known about interbrain synchrony (IBS) changes occurring during social interaction such as collaboration or competi...

The development of assistive technologies and guidelines for their accessibility is impeded by the limited access to disabled participants. As a consequence, performing disability simulations on able bodied participants is a common practice in usability evaluation of assistive technologies. However, still little is known about how disability simula...

Haptic technologies are widely used in multimedia entertainment to psychophysiologically enhance user experience. Psychometric-based research regarding vibrokinetic stimulation during multimedia viewing supports this notion. However, scant neurophysiological evidence exists to verify this effect. Using a between groups design with source-localized...

From a user’s perspective, this pilot study investigates the contributors and irritants related to the media content format used by chatbots to assist users in an online setting. In this study, we use automated facial expression analysis (AFEA), which analyses users’ facial expressions and captures the valence of their lived experience. A questionn...

Measuring emotional responses from users when they interact with a technological artefact is an important aspect of human-computer interaction (HCI) research. People, however, tend to react in an individualized manner to emotional stimuli, thus it is important to compare each user to a personalized baseline. We present, in this paper, the developme...

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims to bring transparency to AI systems by translating, simplifying, and visualizing its decisions. While society remains skeptical about AI systems, studies show that transparent and explainable AI systems result in improved confidence between humans and AI. We present preliminary results from a study des...

Information system (IS) gamification has been successful in many contexts. Yet, research has shown gamification’s success to vary between individuals. In this paper, we compare personalized versus non-personalized gamification in a warehouse management setting. We devised a 26-participant within-subject experiment in which we programmed goal settin...

Although a growing number of studies indicate that simple strategies, intuitions, or cogni-tive shortcuts called heuristics can persistently interfere with scientific reasoning in physics and chemistry, the persistence of heuristics related to learning biology is less known. In this study, we investigate the persistence of the "moving things are al...

This paper reports the findings of a Systematic Literature Review of extant literature on Recommender Systems (RS) and message design. By identifying , analyzing and synthesizing relevant studies, we aim to generate a contemporary mapping of studies related to user-RS interaction, extend the body of knowledge regarding effective recommendation mess...

User experience (UX) research has been critically impacted by the recent COVID-19 pandemic and the sanitary restrictions put in place. Observational or perceptual studies can be adapted remotely with participants using their own computer and internet access. However, studies based on the unconscious and automatic physiological states of participant...

The rise of automation and artificial intelligence within the organization has come with many benefits. However, in conjunction with these benefits have come various concerns related to user empowerment (e.g., over-reliance, loss of human agency, lack of trust). Human-Computer Interaction researchers are seeking ways to address these concerns by in...

With the increase in adoption of mobile electronic devices such as smartphones, it becomes more and more important to address the risks associated with their use. As such, this research paper addresses the behavior and habit formation of mobile multitasking, i.e., the use of a mobile IT device while performing a motor task such as walking, and its...

User experience (UX) research has been critically impacted by the recent COVID-19 pandemic and the sanitary restrictions put in place. Observational or perceptual studies can be adapted remotely with participants using their own computer and internet access. However, studies based on the unconscious and automatic physiological states of participant...