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Publications (628)
The COVID-19 pandemic prompted diverse policies to manage safety in schools, balancing infection control with educational continuity. This study assessed the impact of an experimental weekly screening protocol compared to nationally implemented reactive strategies in 25 primary schools in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of France during the Delta (...
Background
Influenza can be associated with nonrespiratory disease presentation, but these are less well documented due to the lack of routine testing for influenza in the healthcare system, especially if patients do not present with influenza‐like illness (ILI). We aimed to measure the proportion of influenza cases seeking care at emergency depart...
Background
The arboviruses continue to be a threat to public health and socioeconomic development in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Seroprevalence surveys can be used as a population surveillance strategy for arboviruses in the absence of treatment and vaccines for most arboviruses, guiding the public health interventions. The objective of this study wa...
Background
Hypoxemia predicts mortality at all levels of care, and appropriate management can reduce preventable deaths. However, pulse oximetry and oxygen therapy remain inaccessible in many primary care health facilities. We aimed to develop and validate a simple risk score comprising commonly evaluated clinical features to predict hypoxemia in 2...
Context
The increase and global dissemination of antibiotic resistance limit the use of antibiotics to prevent and treat infections. Implementing antibiotic stewardship programs guided by local data on prescription profiles is a useful strategy to reduce the burden of antibiotic resistance. The aim was to determine the prevalence of antibiotic use...
Objective
To assess the compliance with French guidelines for the prevention of central venous catheter (CVC)-related infections in two university hospitals.
Methods
An observational audit was conducted in 7 wards using a digital tool.
Results
The prerequisite of hand hygiene (HH) were respected by 90% of health-care worker; 86% performed HH prio...
Background
Togo's National Malaria Control Programme has initiated an active home-based malaria management model for all age groups in rural areas of Bassar Health District. This report describes the model, reports its main results, and determines the factors associated with positive rapid diagnostic test results.
Methods
From 2014 to 2017, in thr...
Introduction
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a significant public health threat. Without any interventions, it has been modelled that AMR will account for an estimated 10 million deaths annually by 2050, this mainly affects low/middle-income countries. AMR has a systemic negative perspective affecting the overall healthcare system down to...
Context
The increase and global dissemination of antibiotic resistance limit the use of antibiotics to prevent and treat infections. Implementing antibiotic stewardship programs guided by local data on prescription profiles is a useful strategy to reduce the burden of antibiotic resistance. The aim was to determine the prevalence of antibiotic use...
Despite the numerous articles published on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 with regard to high-income countries, little is known about patients in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) in this context. The objective of this observational, prospective, hospital-based multicentric study was to describe clinical features and ou...
The transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2 within hospitals can exceed that in the general community because of more frequent close proximity interactions (CPIs). However, epidemic risk across wards is still poorly described. We measured CPIs directly using wearable sensors given to all present in a clinical ward over a 36-h period, across 15 wards in thr...
Clostridioides difficile is a leading cause of healthcare-associated infections. The main objective was to assess the current landscape of CDI infection prevention and control (IPC) practices. An anonymous survey of IPC practices for CDI was conducted between July 25 and October 31, 2022. Precautions for symptomatic patients were applicable for 75....
Introduction
The I-MOVE-COVID-19 and VEBIS hospital networks have been measuring COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) in participating European countries since early 2021.
Aim
We aimed to measure VE against PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 in patients ≥ 20 years hospitalised with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) from December 2021 to July 2022 (Om...
Objectives
In most African countries, confirmed COVID-19 case counts underestimate the number of new SARS-CoV-2 infection cases. We propose a multiplying factor to approximate the number of biologically probable new infections from the number of confirmed cases.
Methods
Each of the first thousand suspect (or alert) cases recorded in South Kivu (DR...
The emergence of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) is a major issue for TB control programs due to high risk of treatment failure and death. The objective of this study was to describe survival and to determine predictors of death in RR-TB patients treated with the short regimen (9–11 months) in the Conakry TB treatment centers. Sociodemogr...
(1) Background: A substantial proportion of COVID-19 patients continue to experience long-lasting effects that hamper their quality of life. The objectives of this study were (1) to report the prevalence of persistent clinical symptoms 6–12 months after the onset of COVID-19 and (2) to identify potential factors at admission associated with the occ...
Background:
The Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network (GIHSN) has since 2012 provided patient-level data on severe influenza-like illnesses from over 100 participating clinical sites worldwide based on a core protocol and consistent case definitions. To our knowledge, this is the first study to analyze multiple years of global, patient-le...
Detailed information are lacking on influenza transmissibility in hospital although clusters are regularly reported. In this pilot study, our goal was to estimate the transmission rate of H3N2 2012-influenza, among patients and health care professionals in a short-term Acute Care for the Elderly Unit by using a stochastic approach and a simple susc...
Purpose of review:
This review provides an update on specificities of influenza in older adults (≥65-year-old), including epidemiology, burden in terms of hospitalization and mortality, extra-respiratory complications and specific challenges of prevention.
Recent findings:
In the past 2 years, influenza activity was drastically reduced by barrie...
Background:
Literature is limited on the impact of patient vaccination on the risk of hospital-acquired influenza (HAI). This test negative case-control study nested in a surveillance program aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of influenza vaccination in reducing the risk of HAI in hospitalized patients during 15 influenza seasons (2004-05 to 2...
Background
The Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network (GIHSN) was established in 2012 to conduct coordinated worldwide influenza surveillance. Here we describe underlying comorbidities, symptoms, and outcomes in hospitalized patients with influenza.
Methods
Between November/2018 and October/2019, GIHSN included 19 sites in 18 countries usi...
The transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2 within hospitals can exceed that in the general community because of more frequent close proximity interactions. However, epidemic risk across wards is still poorly described. We measured CPIs directly using wearable sensors given to all those present in a clinical ward over a 36-hour period, across 15 wards in t...
Background
To cope with the persistence of the COVID-19 epidemic and the decrease in antibody levels following vaccination, a third dose of vaccine has been recommended in the general population. However, several vaccine regimens had been used initially for the primary vaccination course, and the heterologous Vaxzevria/Comirnaty regimen had shown b...
Objectives:
Quantify the effects of characteristics of nursing homes and their surroundings on the spread of COVID-19 outbreaks and assess the changes in resident protection between the first 2 waves (March 1 to July 31 and August 1 to December 31, 2020).
Design:
An observational study was carried out on data on COVID-19 outbreaks extracted from...
The diversity of vaccination modalities and infection history are both variables that have an impact on the immune memory of individuals vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. To gain more accurate knowledge of how these parameters imprint on immune memory, we conducted a long-term follow-up of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-specific immune memory in unvaccinate...
Backgroung
To cope with the persistence of the Covid-19 epidemic and the decrease in antibody levels following vaccination, a third dose of vaccine has been recommended in the general population. However, several vaccine regimens had been used initially, and the heterologous ChadOx1-S/BNT162b2 regimen had shown better efficacy and immunogenicity th...
Objectives:
We determined pulse oximetry benefit in pediatric pneumonia mortality-risk stratification and chest indrawing pneumonia in-hospital mortality risk factors.
Methods:
We report characteristics and in-hospital pneumonia-related mortality of children 2-59-months-old included in the Pneumonia Research Partnership to Assess WHO Recommendat...
Background
As record cases of Omicron variant were registered in Europe in early 2022, schools remained a vulnerable setting undergoing large disruption.AimThrough mathematical modelling, we compared school protocols of reactive screening, regular screening, and reactive class closure implemented in France, in Baselland (Switzerland), and in Italy,...
Background:
The existing World Health Organization (WHO) pneumonia case management guidelines rely on clinical symptoms and signs for identifying, classifying, and treating pneumonia in children up to 5 years old. We aimed to collate an individual patient-level data set from large, high-quality pre-existing studies on pneumonia in children to iden...
Objective:
To determine the factors associated with the nutritional status of children under 5 years of age in Guinea between 2005 and 2018.
Design:
Data from the 2005, 2012 and 2018 Guinea Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) were used for this study. Three anthropometric indicators (stunting, underweight, wasting) were assessed according to th...
The major economic and health consequences of COVID-19 called for various protective measures and mass vaccination campaigns. A previsional model was used to predict the future impacts of various measure combinations on COVID-19 mortality over a 400-day period in France. Calibrated on previous national hospitalization and mortality data, an agent-b...
Background
Influenza disease data remain scarce in middle and lower-income countries. We used data from the Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network (GIHSN), a prospective multi-country surveillance system from 2012-2019, to assess differences in the epidemiology and severity of influenza hospitalizations by country income level.
Methods
We c...
Objectives:
We aimed to investigate the one-month humoral response to two or three doses as primary vaccination in specific populations compared to healthy adults.
Methods:
ANRS0001S-COV-POPART (NCT04824651) is a French nationwide multicenter prospective observational cohort study assessing the immune response to Covid-19 vaccines routinely admi...
(1) Background: The Vaccine Coverage Rate of influenza remains low and omnichannel efforts are required to improve it. The objective was to evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of a QR Code nudging system in outpatient departments. (2) Methods: The study was performed in 6 departments ensuring ambulatory activities in a French university Hospital...
The transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2 within hospitals can exceed that in the general community because of more frequent close proximity interactions (CPIs). Heterogeneity of risk across wards is still poorly described. We measured CPIs in 15 clinical wards across three hospitals using wearable sensors over 36 hours in spring 2020. This data was comb...
Background/Objectives: Contaminated surfaces play an important role in the nosocomial infection of patients in intensive care units (ICUs). This study, conducted in two ICUs at Edouard Herriot Hospital (Lyon, France), aimed to describe rooms’ microbial ecology and explore the potential link between environmental contamination and patients’ coloniza...
Background
Influenza surveillance systems vary widely between countries and there is no framework to evaluate national surveillance systems in terms of data generation and dissemination. This study aimed to develop and test a comparative framework for European influenza surveillance.
Methods
Surveillance systems were evaluated qualitatively in fiv...
Introduction
The spread of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants in the community remains a major concern despite the application of control measures including the banning of mass sporting events. The circulation of SARS-CoV-2 within the general population, and potentially within the population practicing outdoor sports activities, suggests contexts conduciv...
A total of 92 COVID-19 clusters involving 1,156 individuals (729 patients and 427 healthcare workers) occurred in Lyon University Hospital between 1st September 2020 and 31st March 2021, mostly on medical and geriatric wards. The number of clusters was closely correlated to the trend in COVID-19 community incidence over time; in-hospital clusters d...
Background:
Patients with a SARS-CoV-2 infection are at higher risk of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia(VAP) and may have an increased Attributable Mortality(increased or decreased risk of death if a VAP occurs in a patient) and Attributable Fraction (proportion of deaths that are attributable to an exposure) of VAP-related mortality compared to no...
Studies involving the associations between vitamin D supplementation taken before the onset of COVID-19 infection and the clinical outcomes are still scarce and this issue remains controversial. This study aimed to assess the relationships between vitamin D (VitD) status and supplementation and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity in older...
Background
Exposure to infected healthcare workers (HCWs) is a source of hospital-acquired (HA) influenza. We estimated the risk of HA influenza for hospitalized patients by rate of influenza vaccine coverage (IVC) of HCWs.
Methods
A case–case negative control study nested in a prospective cohort was conducted in 2 French university hospitals duri...
Background
In critically ill COVID-19 patients, the initial response to SARS-CoV-2 infection is characterized by major immune dysfunctions. The capacity of these severe patients to mount a robust and persistent SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell response despite the presence of severe immune alterations during the ICU stay is unknown.
Methods
Critically i...
Introduction
Existing risk assessment tools to identify children at risk of hospitalised pneumonia-related mortality have shown suboptimal discriminatory value during external validation. Our objective was to derive and validate a novel risk assessment tool to identify children aged 2–59 months at risk of hospitalised pneumonia-related mortality ac...
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) have been associated with increased risk of pneumonia. Their impact on respiratory virus infections is unclear. We performed a post-hoc analysis of the FLUVAC cohort, a multicenter prospective cohort study of adults hospitalized with influenza-like illness (ILI) during six consecutive influenza seasons (2012–2018). All...
Background:
Undernutrition has been previously identified as a deleterious factor in acute infections. In covid-19 infection, obesity is a risk-factor of severe evolution, but initial undernutrition has not been evaluated yet.
Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed correlation between nutritional status at admission and severe outcomes (intensive...
The role of microbial coinfection in the pathogenesis of pneumonia in children is not well known. The aim of this work was to describe the prevalence of microorganism co-detection in nasopharyngeal samples (NPS) of pneumonia cases and control subjects and to study the potential association between nasopharyngeal microorganism co-detection and pneum...
As record cases due to the Omicron variant are currently registered in Europe, schools remain a vulnerable setting suffering large disruption. Extending previous modeling of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in schools in France, we estimate that at high incidence rates reactive screening protocols (as currently applied in France) require comparable test res...
Background
Worldwide, COVID-19 outbreaks in nursing homes have often been sudden and massive. The study investigated the role SARS-CoV-2 virus spread in nearby population plays in introducing the disease in nursing homes.
Material and methods
This was carried out through modelling the occurrences of first cases in each of 943 nursing homes of Auve...
Introduction
Delay between symptom onset and access to care is essential to prevent clinical worsening for different infectious diseases. For COVID-19, this delay might be associated with the clinical prognosis, but also with the different characteristics of patients. The objective was to describe characteristics and symptoms of community-acquired...
The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, enhanced by rapid spreads of variants, has caused a major international health crisis, with serious public health and economic consequences. An agent-based model was designed to simulate the evolution of the epidemic in France over 2021 and the first six months of 2022. The study compares the efficiencies of fo...
Background: In response to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak that
unfolded across Europe in 2020, the World Health Organisation (WHO) called for
repurposing existing influenza surveillance systems to monitor COVID-19. This
analysis aimed to compare descriptively the extent to which influenza surveillance
systems were adapted and enhanced...
Background: Measuring vaccine effectiveness (VE) using real-life data is critical to confirm the effectiveness of licensed vaccine, which could strengthen vaccination adherence.
Methods: We measured VE against adult COVID-19 hospitalization in five hospitals in France using a test negative design. We compared the odds of vaccinated patients hospita...
COVID-19 vaccination has proven to be effective in preventing severe cases, reducing viral load, and transmissibility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of vaccination 11 months after implementation on epidemiological indicators and the effective reproduction number in one French region. We plotted four indicators with vaccination co...
Background: In response to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak that unfolded across Europe in 2020, the World Health Organisation called for repurposing existing influenza surveillance systems to monitor COVID-19. This analysis aimed to compare descriptively the extent to which influenza surveillance systems were adapted and enhanced, and h...
Background:
With no vaccines or specific treatments, non-pharmaceutical interventions are the only tools for controlling the human-to-human transmission of the COVID-19 disease, which appeared in Wuhan, China last December and has spread globally since. Here we describe and compare the first-wave mitigation strategies and epidemiology of five Asia...
Background
Existing scores to identify children at risk of hospitalized pneumonia-related mortality lack broad external validation. Our objective was to externally validate three such risk scores.
Methods
We applied the Respiratory Index of Severity in Children (RISC) for HIV-negative children, the RISC-Malawi, and the Pneumonia Etiology Research...
Objectifs
L’infection du site opératoire (ISO) est une complication postopératoire accompagnée d’une mortalité et d’une morbidité élevées. Le score de la société américaine des anesthésistes (score ASA) permet de classer les patients selon leurs comorbidités préopératoires et peut être corrélé à la morbi-mortalité postopératoire. À notre connaissan...
Background
The Western Pacific Region (WPR) is exposed each year to seasonal influenza and is often the source of new influenza virus variants and novel pathogen emergence. National influenza surveillance systems play a critical role in detecting emerging viruses, monitoring influenza epidemics, improving public disease awareness and promoting pand...