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Introduction
Publications
Publications (40)
Biophysical conditions, including climate, environmental stress, and habitat availability, are key drivers of many ecological processes (e.g., community assembly and productivity) and associated ecosystem services (e.g., carbon sequestration and fishery production). Furthermore, anthropogenic impacts such as coastal development and fishing can have...
Although amphibians typically exhibit high site fidelity and low dispersal, they do undertake rare, long-distance movements. The factors influencing these events remain poorly understood, partly because amphibian spring movements tend to radiate from breeding sites and the animals are often difficult to locate at other times of the year. In this st...
Tree neighbourhood modelling has significantly contributed to our understanding of the mechanisms structuring communities. Investigations into the impact of neighbouring crowding on tree performance have generally been conducted at local scales, missing important regional-scale context such as the suitability of the climate for each species. Favour...
While a growing proportion of global food consumption is obtained through international trade, there is an ongoing debate on whether this increased reliance on trade benefits or hinders food security, and specifically, the ability of global food systems to absorb shocks due to local or regional losses of production. This paper introduces a model th...
The composition of social bees’ corbicular pollen loads contains information about both the bees’ foraging behavior and the surrounding floral landscape. There have been, however, few attempts to integrate pollen composition and floral landscape to test hypotheses about foraging behavior. Here, we present an individual-based model that generates th...
We present a broad class of semi-parametric models for time series of random sums of positive variables. Our methodology allows the number of terms inside the sum to be time-varying and is therefore well suited to many examples encountered in the natural sciences. We study the stability properties of the models and provide a valid statistical infer...
La forêt boréale joue un rôle économique, écologique et environnemental crucial, tout en étant soumise aux régimes de perturbations naturelles. Au cours du 20 e siècle, les épidémies de la tordeuse des bourgeons de l'épinette sont devenues plus fréquentes, plus sévères et synchronisées sur de vastes territoires forestiers. Elles ont également attei...
Purpose
Primary succession of vegetation in post-mining areas offers an opportunity to study how plant species and individuals interact in space and notably how biotic interactions such as mycorrhizal symbiosis contribute to the revegetalization of degraded environments. Our study aimed to characterize the taxonomical and spatial structure of mycor...
We present a broad class of semi-parametric models for time series of random sums of positive variables. Our methodology allows the number of terms inside the sum to be time-varying and is therefore well suited to many examples encountered in the natural sciences. We study the stability properties of the models and provide a valid statistical infer...
Le climat est un facteur déterminant des régimes de perturbations naturelles dans les écosystèmes forestiers. Un exemple de cette influence sont les épidémies de la tordeuse des bourgeons de l'épinette (Choristoneura fumiferana) (TBE) dans l'est du Canada. La défoliation persistante par la TBE au fil des ans a considérablement modifié la croissance...
Les changements climatiques impactent les écosystèmes forestiers en déplaçant les optimums climatiques vers le nord plus rapidement que le processus de migration des arbres, ainsi on observe un décalage entre la distribution des espèces et leurs enveloppes bioclimatiques. Avec l’aménagement forestier, ces perturbations pourraient profondément modif...
Climate is the main driver of natural disturbance regimes in forest ecosystems. One example of this influence is the current spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) (SBW) outbreak in eastern Canada. The persistent defoliation by SBW over years has altered the growth and survival of the host trees greatly. Even though black spruce (Picea mariana)...
Aim
Detection of rare species is limited by their intrinsic nature and by the constraints associated with traditional field surveys. Remote sensing (RS) provides a powerful alternative to traditional detection methods through the increasing availability of RS products. Here, we assess the capacity of RS at high and medium resolution to detect rare...
The spatial configuration of individual trees can affect their growth and survival at a fine scale and change the forest composition and structure at the landscape scale. Thus, understanding the stand spatial dynamics is crucial for forest management. The use of SORTIE-ND, a spatially explicit individual-based forest simulator, allows predictions o...
Current models predict profound effects of global change on forest ecosystems; in particular, natural disturbances will increase in frequency and severity. Recognized as the most important defoliator of North America, spruce budworm (SBW) (Choristoneura fumiferana) has a major impact on the boreal forest dynamic. Compared with historical outbreaks,...
Trait-based approaches have been extensively used in community ecology to provide a mechanistic understanding of the drivers of community assembly. However, a foundational assumption of the trait framework - traits relate to performance - has been mainly examined through univariate relationships that simplify the complex phenotypic integration of o...
Citizen science (CS) currently refers to the participation of non-scientist volunteers in any discipline of conventional scientific research. Over the last two decades, nature-based CS has flourished due to innovative technology, novel devices, and widespread digital platforms used to collect and classify species occurrence data. For scientists, CS...
A combination of wildfires and defoliating insect outbreaks play an important role in the natural successional dynamics of North American boreal mixedwood forests, which, in the long term, change the post‐disturbance composition and structure of forest stands. After stand‐replacing disturbances (mainly wildfires), early successional hardwoods typic...
With the rapid trend in the climate shift, the spruce budworm (SBW) (Choristoneura fumiferana), is increasing its damage and distribution area making forests more vulnerable. Despite its major ecological implications, challenges remain in understanding the historical impact of climate on defoliation caused by the SBW, the severity of its impact on...
Natural disturbances bear significant importance in modifying the structure of forests, associated ecosystems, and initiating the natural succession process. Global change predictions indicate that effects on the boreal ecosystem will be profound and natural disturbance cycles (fire insect outbreaks and windthrow) will generally increase in number...
Primary succession of vegetation in post-mining areas offers great opportunities to study, how mycorrhizal symbiosis influence the revegetalization in degraded environments. Fungal mycelia produce common mycorrhizal networks by colonizing roots of neighboring trees, and those networks facilitate the uptake and transportation of nutrients among plan...
Citizen science (CS) currently refers to some level of volunteer participation in any discipline of scientific research. Over the last two decades, nature-based CS has flourished due to innovative technology, novel devices, and widespread digital platforms used to collect and classify species occurrence data. For scientists, CS offers a low-cost ap...
Questions
We asked: (a) whether the strength of conspecific and heterospecific neighborhood crowding effects on focal tree survival and growth vary with neighborhood radii; and (b) if the relative strength of the effect of neighborhood interactions on tree growth and survival varies with neighborhood scale.
Location
Luquillo Forest Dynamics Plot,...
Higher temperatures expected by midcentury increase the risk of shocks to crop production, while the interconnected nature of the current global food system functions to spread the impact of localized production shocks throughout the world. In this study, we analyze the global potential impact of a present-day event of equivalent magnitude to the U...
The impact of traditional even-aged forest management on landscape age structure, tree composition, and connectivity has been well documented. Very little, however, is known about the impact on stand structural diversity. This study aims to compare the structural and abiotic characteristics of forest stands disturbed by clearcut logging and by stan...
Patterns of seed dispersal and seed mortality inuence the spatial structure of plant communities and the local coexistence of competing species. Most seeds are dispersed in proximity to the parent tree, where mortality is also expected to be the highest, due to competition with siblings or the attraction of natural enemies. Whereas distance‐depende...
Mycorrhizal symbiosis plays a key role in ecological processes like plant succession through the
redistribution of resources among host plants with different needs. Mycorrhizal mycelia produce
Common Mycorrhizal Networks (CMNs) by colonizing roots of neighboring trees, and these CMNs
facilitate the uptake and transportation of nutrients among plant...
Chironomidae are a major group of littoral secondary producers whose spatial changes in assemblage structures are shaped by diverse variables. Using their subfossil remains, we aimed at disentangling the relative impact of environmental, topographic, littoral occupation and hydrodynamic variables on the littoral assemblages as well as identifying t...
Rural populations around the world rely on small-scale farming and other uses of land and natural resources, which are often governed by customary, traditional, and indigenous systems of common property. In recent years, large-scale land acquisitions have drastically expanded; it is unclear whether the commons are a preferential target of these acq...
Background/Question/Methods
Even as fossil pollen analysis has become an essential tool for inferring long-term vegetation changes at local, regional or continental scales, there are few examples of the use of contemporary pollen records, specifically those from aerial samplers, to better understand the dynamics of extant plant populations. Despit...
Background/Question/Methods
The composition of honey bees' corbicular pollen loads contains information about both the bees' foraging behavior and the surrounding floral landscape. Yet, despite a number of studies reporting frequencies of either species or genetic markers in bee-collected pollen, little attention has been given so far to the stat...
Projects
Projects (4)
Ce projet doctoral vise principalement à développer un modèle de la dynamique spatiotemporelle des épidémies de la TBÉ, capable d’intégrer plusieurs sources de données et qui permet de prédire la densité de la population de TBÉ et la sévérité des épidémies de TBÉ dans un contexte de changements climatiques. Nous nous attendons à produire dans un espace continu, à partir du modèle que nous allons développer, une carte des prédictions à court terme (1 à 3 ans) de la densité de larves L2 et du niveau de défoliation en incluant diverses sources d’incertitude. Les résultats de notre recherche s’illustreront comme un outil de prise de décision en ce sens où cela pourrait permettre la publication de prévisions interannuelles de la densité de larves L2 et de la défoliation. Par conséquent, ces prévisions pourront permettre d’identifier les régions les plus vulnérables pour le déploiement de mesures préventives
The spatial configuration of individual trees can affect their growth and survival at a fine scale and change the forest composition and structure at the landscape scale. Thus, understanding the stand spatial dynamics is crucial for forest management. The use of SORTIE-ND, a spatially explicit individual-based forest simulator, allows predictions of the growth, mortality, and recruitment of individual trees at a stand scale by emulating gap dynamics. Our research aims to determine the changes in the spatial structure of forest stands using SORTIE-ND and evaluate the model accuracy by comparing the spatial structure of simulated and observed stands. The simulations will be done and validated with two sets of empirical data from stands located in the boreal mixed woods of eastern Canada. These stands were formed after several wildfires since 1760 and represent a chronosequence of 249 years of forest succession, which will serve as input and validation data for the models. We calculated inhomogenous L function of spatial structure for each simulated stand (with initial conditions based on empirical data from younger stands), and then verify whether those statistics are in the range of observations from validation data (older stands).
- Develop a predictive model for the short-term (interannual) progression of a spruce budworm (SBW) outbreak.
- Estimate the impact of climate on the sensitivity of black spruce to defoliation by SBW.
- Create projections of the space-time patterns of outbreaks under various climate scenarios.
