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Publications (43)
Many cities are developing infiltration infrastructures aimed at restoring natural hydrological processes. Among those, Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) can generate co-benefits, which contribute to cities’ adaptation to climate change. However, choosing optimal locations for infiltration infrastructures within limited available urban space is a comple...
Face au constat de la quasi-absence de prise en compte des aquifères dans la conception et l’évaluation des solutions fondées sur la nature (SFN), cet article introduit une attention particulière portant sur les SFN pouvant être mobilisées dans un objectif de gestion durable des eaux souterraines (SFN-ESO). Les SFN-ESO sont les actions qui s’appuie...
Payments for Environmental Services (PESs) are increasingly used to foster farm- ers’ adoption of greener practices, but their effectiveness is often undermined by low enrollment. In a large randomized field experiment (N = 20,000), we test several non-monetary incentives to increase enrollment into the French implementation of the Agri-Environment...
In Europe, payment for environmental services is increasingly perceived as an alternative to government-led incentives for promoting pro-environmental land use and attaining policy objectives of groundwater quality and quantity. The processes linking land-use decisions and ecosystem services related to aquifers (EcSA) are complex, involving differe...
Individual subsidy payments that are conditional on a collective contribution threshold could provide a viable resolution to the insufficient and dispersed adoption of agri-environmental contracts aiming at attaining environmental quality targets. Indeed, in a decontextualized laboratory experiment based on a threshold public goods game (TPGG), Le...
This chapter summarizes the main findings from the book in relation to the conceptual framework centered on the linked but separate concepts of assurance and insurance value of nature, to then highlight the key methods developed namely physical assessments, co-design, and a full integrated economic assessment model that incorporates the value of av...
This chapter provides the context of water security for ecosystem-based approaches, notably nature-based solutions (NBS) operationalized in natural assurance schemes (NAS). The huge potential and value of nature-based solutions to both mitigate the effect of water while providing large and important co-benefits is addressed in this book and for thi...
Evidence are dearly needed to understand under which conditions it is relevant for decisions makers to invest in NBS for water-related risk. This chapter presents the methodological framework developed for the economic assessment of NBS for water-related risks and its application to seven case studies. We particularly develop methods for the evalua...
The Lez catchment is characterized by a rapid urbanization, due to the attractiveness of the city of Montpellier, and is exposed to a typical Mediterranean weather with high risk of flash flood and other emerging issues, such as air pollution, heat island effects and biodiversity losses. We present the evaluation of two types of NBS to address thes...
This chapter discusses the methodological approach for natural assurance schemes (NAS). We developed and applied methodologies and strategies to increase the readiness in technology (TRL), institutions (IRL) and investment/financing (IVRL) and illustrated them in contrasting case studies. To assess how readiness is crafted to effectively green wate...
Analysing practices, social representations and behaviours of socio-hydro systems' actors. Abstract: This working paper presents and discusses the approaches and methods used by the PRECOS Team of the G-Eau research unit to analyse practices, social representations and behaviours of socio-hydro systems' actors. Four groups of methods are presented:...
The Pyrenees range is a transboundary mountain region shared by Spain, France and Andorra. As many other mountain regions, the Pyrenees host the upper catchments and recharge zones of the region's main river basins and aquifers. Therefore, it is the main source of water resources that are used in a much larger area that includes important urban con...
Economic narratives are largely put forward as an argument for the promotion of Nature Based Solutions (NBS). However, integrated economic evidence, taking into account direct and opportunity costs, avoided damages and the multiplicity of co-benefits generated by NBS are still needed to support this argument and convince decision makers to invest i...
Nature-based solutions (NBS) are increasingly being promoted because they can solve different pursued aims together with providing an additional array of multiple ecosystem services or co-benefits. Nevertheless, their implementation is still being curbed by several barriers, for example, a lack of examples, a lack of finance, and a lack of business...
The economic literature on Payments for Environmental Services (PES) has studied extensively the behavioural factors that prevent farmers from signing PES contracts, even when the payments exceed the expected opportunity costs. This article provides a theoretical model of the role played by the interplay of descriptive and injunctive social norms i...
Nature-based solutions (NBS) are increasingly being promoted as a means to address societal and environmental challenges, especially flood risk reduction. In the context of rapidly urbanizing catchments, NBS can take part of the development of sustainable cities, either by conserving peri-urban ecosystems from urban sprawl or by developing green in...
The Pyrenees range is a transboundary region shared by Spain, France and Andorre whose water resources are diverse (snowmelt and rainfall runoff in a topographically variable context, groundwater in complex and heterogeneous aquifers) and poorly known. As many other mountain regions, this territory is particularly vulnerable to the impacts of clima...
The Pyrenees range is a transboundary region shared by Spain, France and Andorre whose water resources are diverse (snowmelt and rainfall runoff in a topographically variable context, groundwater in complex and heterogeneous aquifers) and poorly known. As many other mountain regions, this territory is particularly vulnerable to the impacts of clima...
Biodiversity offsetting (BO) claims to slow down biodiversity loss caused by development projects by generating ecological gains mainly through restoration activities conducted on land acquired to this effect. This leads to social conflicts around accessing land, especially with farmers and other land-users. The purpose of this paper is to analyze...
We test whether social comparison nudges can promote water-saving behaviour among farmers as a complement to traditional CAP measures. We conducted a randomised controlled trial among 200 farmers equipped with irrigation smart meters in South-West France. Treated farmers received weekly information on individual and group water consumption over fou...
Abstract: Improving water efficiency is a growing challenge for the Common Agricultural Policy. In this article, we test whether social comparison nudges can promote water-saving behavior among farmers. We report on a pilot Randomized Controlled Trial, in which information on individual and group water consumption were sent every week to farmers eq...
Environmental policies increasingly refer to biodiversity offsets (BO) as a way to slow or halt biodiversity losses caused by development projects, including infrastructure and urban development, that could not be avoided or minimized through adequate mitigation. In many cases, ecological gains for offsets are obtained through restoration activitie...
In the economic literature on the motivations underlying voluntary contributions to environmental public goods, little attention is granted to the way the overall objective of the environmental program is framed. A program which contributes to an increase of environmental quality can be perceived differently from a program designed to bring back th...
Economie comportementale, Economie expérimentale, Design de contrats agroenvironnementaux,Normes sociales, Evaluation de politiques publiques
This article analyses the role played by social norms in farmers’ decisions to enroll into an agri-environmental scheme (AES). First, it develops a simple theoretical model highlighting the interplay of descriptive and injunctive norms in farmers’ utility functions. Second, an empirical valuation of the effect of social norms is provided based on t...
The permanence of land management practices adopted under agri-environmental schemes (AESs) is often questioned. This paper investigates the drivers of farmers’ decisions as to whether to maintain “proenvironment” practices beyond the duration of a contract, and in particular the effect of social
norms. Our results, based on the stated intentions o...
The agri-environmental policy of the European Union strongly relies on financial incentives provided through Agri-envrionmental Schemes (AES) to stimulate farmers’ adoption of pro-environmental practices. A rational economic assumption is that farmers enroll if they are paid enough to cover their opportunity costs. However, behavioral economics con...
The agri-environmental policy of the European Union strongly relies on financial incentives provided through Agri-envrionmental Schemes (AES) to stimulate farmers’ adoption of pro-environmental practices. A rational economic assumption is that farmers enroll if they are paid enough to cover their opportunity costs. However, behavioral economics con...
Biodiversity offsetting (BO) is increasingly used in environmental policies as a way to halt biodiversity losses caused by the development of infrastructure and urbanization. Ecological gains for offsets have so far mainly been obtained through restoration activities conducted on agricultural land specifically acquired for this purpose by developer...
The permanence of land management practices adopted under Agri-environmental schemes (AES) is often questioned. This paper investigates the drivers of farmers’ decision to maintain or not the adopted practices beyond the duration of the contract, and especially the effect of social norms and framing on this decision. Our results, based on the state...
This chapter focuses on the shortcomings of contract design of European agri-environmental schemes (AES), with special emphasis on the need for more collective actions. The AES financed by the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) are mostly based on individual voluntary contracts signed between farmers and state authorities: farmers make a commitment t...
This chapter focuses on the shortcomings of contract design of European agri-environmental schemes (AES), with special emphasis on the need for more collective actions. The AES financed by the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) are mostly based on individual voluntary contracts signed between farmers and state authorities: farmers make a commitment t...
The voluntary provision of public goods can be enhanced by subsidies paid to contributors. However, in the case of threshold public goods, subsidies can be wasted if the public good is not ultimately produced. We therefore test the performance of a conditional subsidy paid to each contributor only if the public good threshold is attained by the gro...
This report examines the role of seed and seed systems in the conservation and the use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture. It focuses on developments since the publication of the first report on the State of the World’s Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture.