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Introduction
Current institution
Current position
- Head of Department
Additional affiliations
October 1991 - September 2008
Position
- Head of Department
Publications
Publications (365)
Background:
Interferon-release assays (IGRAs) for diagnosing active pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) are not yet fully validated, particularly in high TB-endemic areas as the People's Republic of China (PRC). The aim of this report was to assess the performance of the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-tube (QFT-GIT) and tuberculin skin test (TST), in addition to...
The aim of this multi-centric prospective study in India was to assess the accuracy of a serological test as an additional tool for diagnosing active tuberculosis (ATB). In particular, an assay based on ELISA using a phenolic glycolipid (PGL-Tb1) or a fusion protein (ESAT-6/CFP10) was compared to the tuberculin skin test (TST) and the microbiologic...
BACKGROUND: The aim of this multicentric prospective study in India was to assess the performance of the QuantiFERON TB-Gold in tube (QFT-GIT), Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) and microbiological results as additional tools for diagnosing active tuberculosis (TB) and latent infection (LTBI) according to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) status. METHODS...
The aim of this multicentric prospective study in India was to assess the value of several microbiological tools that contribute to the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) according to HIV status.
Standard microbiological tools on individual specimens were analyzed.
Among the 807 patients with active TB, 131 were HIV-infected, 316 HIV-uninfected and 360...
La vaccination antituberculeuse a ete decouverte par Calmette au debut du XX e siecle, mais elle suscita de nombreuses controverses concernant notamment l'evaluation de l'efficacite et de l'innocuite vaccinale
La tuberculose aurait du etre en net recul. Malheureusement, il n'en est rien. La progression du nombre des malades est aggravee par la co-infection avec le virus du SIDA, par la desorganisation des systemes de sante et par l'emergence des bacteries resistantes aux antimycobacteriens majeurs. Les progres recents concernent, d'une part, le genome co...
There is an urgent need of prognosis markers for tuberculosis (TB) to improve treatment strategies. The results of several studies show that the Interferon (IFN)-γ-specific response to the TB antigens of the QuantiFERON TB Gold (QFT-IT antigens) decreases after successful TB therapy. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether there are fac...
The suboptimal sensitivity of Interferon (IFN)-γ-based in-vitro assays, especially in immunocompromised individuals, emphasizes the need for alternative markers for diagnosing tuberculosis (TB). The objective of this study was to evaluate whether interferon-inducible protein (IP)-10, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-2 and interleukin (IL)-2 can b...
To evaluate whether in vitro response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis RD1 peptides selected by computational analysis, measured by IFN-gamma, IP-10, MCP-2 or IL-2 production, is associated with active tuberculosis (TB) in a country with a high incidence of TB.
129 individuals were prospectively enrolled, 41 with active-pulmonary TB and 88 without (ho...
Background
Development of T-cells based-Interferon gamma (IFNγ) assays has offered new possibilities for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and active disease in adults. Few studies have been performed in children, none in France. With reference to the published data on childhood TB epidemiology in the Paris and Ile de France Reg...
Flowchart of the kinetic study
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Children individual kinetics throughout the follow-up study
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Flowchart of study children at enrollment (day 0)
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A European multicenter study was performed to evaluate the performance of a new method, based on the transcription-reverse
transcription concerted reaction (TRC-2), which enabled one-step amplification and real-time detection of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis 16S rRNA target directly in clinical specimens. A total of 633 respiratory and nonrespirat...
A prospective and multi-centre study has allowed us to analyse antibody responses and Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolate genotypes on 24 consecutive HIV-TB co-infected patients treated with Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) who either went on to develop a TB Immune Restoration Syndrome (TB-IRS), or not. Circulating free and immu...
A comparative study which compared PPD skin testing inserted according to the French Society of Pneumology's recommendations and interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) (QuantiFERON((R)) TB Gold In-tube, QF-TB-IT, Cellestis, Carnegie, Australia) was performed during a tuberculosis contact investigation in our hospital.
Nineteen French health-care wor...
Tuberculin skin testing (TST) and Interferon-gamma (IFNγ)release assays (IGRAs) are presently the only available assays for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infected individuals. IGRAs might progressively replace TST, as numerous published reports establish their higher specificity and similar sensitivity when tested in BCG vaccinated, i...
Contrasting observations raise the question of the role of mycobacterial derived products as compared with the whole bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis on maturation and function of human dendritic cells (DCs). DC-SIGN has been identified as the key DC receptor for M. tuberculosis through its interaction with the mannosylated lipoarabinomannan (M...
Targeted testing and treatment of individuals with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), at high risk of progression to active tuberculosis (ATB), are key elements in the battle against tuberculosis, both in France and in many parts of the world. Though the finding of tubercle bacilli is the essential examination for the diagnosis of ATB, there is...
Introduction
Targeted testing and treatment of individuals with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), at high risk of progression to active tuberculosis (ATB), are key elements in the battle against tuberculosis, both in France and in many parts of the world. Though the finding of tubercle bacilli is the essential examination for the diagnosis of A...
The diagnostic value of the PGL-Tb1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) was established following a survey study using sera from 220 Tuberculosis patients (including 69 HIV coinfected) and 324 controls. A higher percentage (76.8%) of the HIV-seropositive compared to the HIV-seronegative (58.9%) TB patients were ELISA positive (p=0.02) with a...
The development of in vitro blood tests that measure the delayed hypersensitivity reaction developed after contact with Mycobacterium tuberculosis will change progressively the diagnosis of M. tuberculosis infection. These blood assays (Quantiferon TB Gold, Cellestis, Australia; T-SPOT.TB, Oxford Immunotec, United Kingdom) use specific, complex M....
The development of in vitro blood tests that measure the delayed hypersensitivity reaction developed after contact with Mycobacterium tuberculosis will change progressively the diagnosis of M. tuberculosis infection. These blood assays (Quantiferon TB GoldTM, Cellestis, Australia; T-SPOT.TBTM, Oxford Immunotec, United Kingdom) use specific, complex...
Objective: Post-marketing surveillance of the activity of ertapenem and major antimicrobials against gram-negative bacilli isolated from community-acquired respiratory or abdominal infections. Material and methods: 46 hospital laboratories (ISIS Group) prospectively collected 1 to 5 strains of each species belonging to the susceptible category of t...
Rapid and sensitive detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTB) directly on clinical respiratory specimens is essential for a correct management of patients suspected of tuberculosis. For this purpose PCR-based kits are available to detect MTB in respiratory specimen but most of them need at least 4 hours to be completed. New methods, bas...
IntroductionDefinitions: Clinical Characteristics of TuberculosisMolecular Epidemiology: Advantages and DrawbacksImmunological EpidemiologyConclusions
AbbreviationsGlossaryReferences
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the cause of tuberculosis remains a pathogenic organism capable of infecting a large number of individuals and of resisting the immune response of the infected host. The main constituents of this response are the antigen presenting cells such as dendritic cells, macrophages and T lymphocytes.
Comparative study of the int...
IntroductionMycobacterium tuberculosis, the cause of tuberculosis remains a pathogenic organism capable of infecting a large number of individuals and of resisting the immune response of the infected host. The main constituents of this response are the antigen presenting cells such as dendritic cells, macrophages and T lymphocytes.Background
Compar...
To test the hypothesis that an acute exacerbation of mycobacteria-specific Th1 response after HIV infection control by HAART causes immune restoration syndrome (IRS) in HIV-tuberculosis (TB) coinfected patients.
Prospective, multicenter study of 19 consecutive untreated HIV-TB coinfected patients included when initiating antimycobacterial therapy a...
Interplays between Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tuberculosis (TB) in human and host professional phagocytes, namely macrophages (Mphis) and dendritic cells (DCs), are central to immune protection against TB and to TB pathogenesis. We and others have recently shown that the C-type lectin dendritic cell-specific intercellular...
Interactions between dendritic cells and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the aetiological agent of tuberculosis in humans, are thought to be central to anti-mycobacterial immunity. We have previously shown that M. tuberculosis binds to human monocyte-derived dendritic cells mostly through the C-type lectin DC-SIGN (dendritic-cell-specific intercellular...
Mucosal surfaces of the respiratory tract represent a major portal of entry for most human viruses and a critical component of the mammalian immunologic repertoire. The major antibody isotype in external secretions is secretory immunoglobin A (S-IgA). The major effector cells in mucosal surfaces, however, are not IgA B cells, but T lymphocytes, whi...
Les surfaces muqueuses de l’arbre respiratoire constituent une porte d’entrée très importante et un site critique pour la réponse immune. Les principaux anticorps sécrétés localement appar-tiennent à l’isotype IgA (S-Ig A). Les cellules effectrices qui dominent au niveau de la muqueuse ne sont pas des cellules IgA de type B, mais les lymphocytes T...
The recent global increase in cases of tuberculosis and the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of tuberculosis have focused attention on the molecular mechanisms of human antimycobacterial immunity. The macrophage is not only the primary site for Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth but also ordinarily provides the primary lines of host defense...
•Mucosal surfaces of the respiratory tract represent a major portal of entry for most human viruses and a critical component of the mammalian immunologic repertoire. The major antibody isotype in external secretions is secretory immunoglobin A (S-IgA). The major effector cells in mucosal surfaces, however, are not IgA B cells, but T lymphocytes, wh...
Using INNO-LiPA-MYCOBACTERIA (Lipav1; Innogenetics) and the AccuProbe (Gen-Probe Inc./bioMérieux) techniques, 35 Mycobacterium avium-Mycobacterium intracellulare-Mycobacterium scrofulaceum (MAC/MAIS) complex strains were identified between January 2000 and December 2002. Thirty-four of 35 isolates were positive
only for the MAIS complex probe by Li...
A new scenario has been unraveled recently--the interaction between the human dendritic cell (DC) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Whether this encounter represents a defense mechanism by the invaded host, or a smoke screen, masking the presence of an invader is still unknown. The intracellular behavior of M. tuberculosis inside DCs differs compared...
The recent global increase in cases of tuberculosis and the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of tuberculosis have focused attention on the molecular mechanisms of human antimycobacterial immunity. The macrophage is not only the primary site for Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth but also ordinarily provides the primary lines of host defense...
A comparative study was designed to evaluate the identification (ID) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) performances
of the BD Phoenix Automated Microbiology System (Becton Dickinson Diagnostic Systems [BD], Pont de Claix, France). A total
of 305 single clinical isolates were collected, and comparisons were made with routine manual meth...
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the most frequent lethal infection observed in socio-economically deprived populations in which effective long term treatment is difficult to accomplish. Sub-optimal TB treatment is always associated with an increased risk of dissemination into the general population and support emergence of multiple-drug-resistant strains...
Many diagnostic tools have been developed to improve the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis. The quality of the extracted DNA, PCR inhibitory products, the choice of the target and the skill of the operator are main elements which can influence the sensitivity of genomic amplification. Similarly, the choice of Mycobacterium tuberculosis specific antig...
In cases of suspected extrapulmonary tuberculosis, rapid and accurate laboratory diagnosis is of prime importance, since traditional techniques of detecting acid-fast bacilli have limitations. The major difficulty with mycobacteria is achieving optimal cell lysis. Buffers used in commercial kits do not allow this complete lysis in a number of clini...
Interactions between dendritic cells (DCs) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tuberculosis, most likely play a key role in anti-mycobacterial immunity. We have recently shown that M. tuberculosis binds to and infects DCs through ligation of the DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) and th...
Dendritic cells (DCs) are likely to play a key role in immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but the fate of the bacterium in these cells is still unknown. Here we report that, unlike macrophages (Mphis), human monocyte-derived DCs are not permissive for the growth of virulent M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Mycobacterial vacuoles are neither acidic...
Early interactions between lung dendritic cells (LDCs) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tuberculosis, are thought to be critical for mounting a protective anti-mycobacterial immune response and for determining the outcome of infection. However, these interactions are poorly understood, at least at the molecular level. Here w...
Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is thought to be possibly sexually transmitted in some populations, but few data are available on this mode of transmission. GOAL The goal was to study HHV-8 seroprevalence in patients attending a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic and to search for predictive factors of HHV-8 seropositivity.
Five hundred twelve c...
Very-low-level methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), or class 1 MRSA, is often misdiagnosed as methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA). We evaluated the performances of three methods for detection of low-level methicillin resistance: the disk diffusion method using the cephamycin antibiotics cefoxitin and moxalactam, the Vitek 2 syst...
Inbred strains of mice inoculated with the T cruzi Y strain behaved as susceptible (A/J, C3H/HeN), intermediate (BALB/c) or relatively resistant (C57BL/6) with respect to the magnitude of parasitaemia and mortality rate. C57BL/10 mice were susceptible in relation to parasitaemia but resistant when mortality was analyzed. Infection with T cruzi CL s...
Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France.
To determine the clinical relevance of detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis.
Single-centre prospective case study of 90 hospitalised patients and 50 healthy subjects or blood dono...
The introduction of nucleic acid amplification assays into the clinical laboratory has reduced the time needed to diagnose diseases caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC). However, several mycobacterial species other than those of the MTBC are known to cause disease, especially in immunocompromised individuals. A screeni...
Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to drugs: molecular epidemiology.The use of molecular methods has made possible the investigation of resistance mechanisms during tuberculosis chemo-therapy and the setting-up of quick assays for the resistance identification. Species specific nucleotidic sequences have been discovered and applied to genotyp...
Ten correctional facilities in Paris, including suburbs.
To prospectively determine the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in prisons during a one-year period and to trace the transmission of tuberculosis by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from inmates.
Of 93 cases of tuberculosis observed,...
Tuberculosis, an ancestral human disease, remains the most widespread infectious disease in the world. Tuberculosis remains in constant expansion and the number of new cases is projected to continue to rise, especially in low-income countries in spite of all efforts made for its eradication and the existing efficacious treatment, known for more tha...
Fifty-two strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae producing an AmpC-type plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase were isolated from 13 patients in the same intensive care unit between March 1998 and February 1999. These strains were resistant to ceftazidime, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone, but susceptible to cefoxitin, cefepime and aztreonam. Plasmid content and geno...
Fifty-two strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae producing an AmpC-type plasmid-mediated β-lactamase were isolated from 13 patients in the same intensive care unit between March 1998 and February 1999. These strains were resistant to ceftazidime, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone, but susceptible to cefoxitin, cefepime and aztreonam. Plasmid content and genomic...
The studies of rare genetic defects, the preliminary results of population-based studies, being validated by the experimental immunocompromised animal models and the current observations accumulated in immunocompromised patients with mycobacterial diseases provide us with insights into the importance of the macrophage activation pathway in controll...
During the follow-up of a group of patients with active tuberculosis, the predictive potential of several antibody-based assays was evaluated in monitoring treatment efficacy.
Eleven patients with bacteriologically documented pulmonary tuberculosis and two patients with tuberculosis pleurisy were studied over a period of 6 months, from the day befo...
