Philippe Ankers

• Doctor of Veterinary Medicine
• Coordinator for North Africa and Representative in Tunisia at Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Complex emergencies, also known as major humanitarian emergencies, differ from emergencies related to natural disasters or major disease outbreaks, in that they are essentially political in nature and will, in most cases, erode the cultural, civil, political and economic stability of societies. They can be exacerbated by natural disasters and event...

Prevention and preparedness: Biosecurity, early warning and contingency planning Chapter 2: The relevance of veterinary services for national disaster response.

This information note explores these questions and the potential for Information and Communication Technologies and digital technologies to accelerate the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals 1 (No poverty) and 2 (Zero hunger) within the context of rural areas.

The livestock sector offers substantial opportunities for income generation and job creation, especially in the dairy sector. On the supply side, livestock are a source of food and income for at least half a billion poor people who depend partially or entirely on keeping animals for their livelihood. The proportion of poor women and elderly individ...

Poultry production has experienced tremendous change in Egypt in the last three decades. Small-scale family poultry production, otherwise termed household poultry, was part of this transformation but to date no concise description has been made of Egyptian household poultry. In this report, this is described using surveys and reviews. Inputs and ou...

Seaweeds are macroalgae, which generally reside in the littoral zone and can be of many different shapes, sizes, colours and composition. They include brown algae (Phaeophyceae), red algae (Rhodophyceae) and green algae (Chlorophyceae). Seaweeds have a long history of use as livestock feed. They have a highly variable composition, depending on the...

Report based on the collated results of a survey of stakeholder views

A 60-70% increase in consumption of animal products is expected by 2050. This increase in the consumption will demand enormous resources, the feed being the most challenging because of the limited availability of natural resources, ongoing climatic changes and food-feed-fuel competition. The costs of conventional feed resources such as soymeal and...

Animal feed and feeding is pivotal to livestock production. Animal productivity, health and welfare, product quality and safety, producers’ income, household security, but also land use and land use change, water pollution and greenhouse gas emission are affected to a great extent by diet selection and how a diet is fed to livestock. Also animal fe...

The Decision Tools address the situation of four distinct family poultry production systems and their development opportunities: small extensive scavenging, extensive scavenging, semi-intensive production and small-scale intensive production. They describe the poultry production systems, including their required inputs and expected outputs and the...

Increasing demand for livestock products will impose a huge demand on feed resources. Biophysical factors such as scarcity of land, soil and water, food–fuel–feed competition, ongoing global climate change and increasing competition for arable land and non-renewable resources such as fossil sources and minerals are challenging the sustainability of...

In spite of all the efforts to control H5N1 in Egypt, the virus still circulates endemically, causing significant economic losses in the poultry industry and endangering human health. This study aimed to elucidate the role of clinically healthy ducks in perpetuation of H5N1 virus in Egypt in mid-summer, when the disease prevalence is at its lowest...

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Increased animal intensification presents with increasing risks of animal diseases. The Egyptian household poultry is peculiar in its management style and housing and this present with particular challenges of risk of infection to both the flock and humans. Biosecurity remains one of the most important means of reducing risks of infection in the ho...

The objective of this study was to determine the food security and economic importance of family poultry (chicken) husbandry intervention in the Artibonite and South departments of Haiti. Data were collected from 132 respondents following a quasi-experimental research design and triangulated using case studies findings of nine family poultry enterp...

This chapter shows how HPAi H5N1 preparedness enhanced multi-sector collaboration in many countries, and illustrates the critcal importance of effective collaboration between the animal health and human health sectors. it emphasizes the importance of partnerships, inter-disciplinary collaboration, and national ownership, and describes significant i...

Les productions animales sont engagées dans un rapide processus de croissance et de transformation. Cette tendance devrait se maintenir dans les prochaines décennies, principalement alimentée par la croissance du pouvoir d’achat des populations urbaines. L’analyse comparée de l’élevage et de l’aquaculture fait émerger des similitudes et des différe...

Animal production undergoes rapid growth and structural changes. This trend will continue over the coming decades, driven primarily by an increasing purchasing power among urban populations. A comparative analysis of livestock production, including terrestrial animals, and aquaculture, brings out both similarities and differences between these two...

Offspring-dam regression was used to estimate the heritability of strongyle faecal egg counts (FEC) of traditionally raised West African N'Dama cattle in the Central River Division in The Gambia. Faecal samples were taken monthly from June-October 1992, and again from July-October 1993, including 179-463 dams and their calves sampled on each occasi...

This paper reports on the effect of strategic anthelmintic treatments and other determinants on faecal egg counts (FEC) of Trichostrongyles in N'Dama cattle of a west African village. Initially, 527 animals from 13 private N'Dama cattle herds were monitored in a longitudinal study from October 1989 to December 1994. Each herd was stratified by age...

The epidemiology of nematodes in livestock in The Gambia was assessed. A prophylactic biannual treatment was then tested on cattle and sheep. This treatment resulted in a significant improvement in the reproductive performances (sheep: lambings/year increasing from 1.04 to 1.22 and lambs/lambing increasing from 1.11 to 1.19; cattle: age at first ca...

An on-farm deworming trial was conducted between 1991 and 1995 on traditionally managed Djallonke sheep in The Gambia to assess the impact on productivity and profitability of prophylactic biannual anthelmintic treatments- Fifteen private flocks with an average of 25 animals per flock participated in the experiment. Half of each flock was dewormed...

Over the past ten years, an informal West African animal helminthosis network has developed (), with the aims of both improving livestock productivity through parasite control and, ultimately, increasing rural income. The network places a strong emphasis on building up local research capacity through scientific partnership. This article highlights...

The epidemiology of nematodes in livestock in The Gambia was assessed. A prophylactic biannual treatment was then tested on cattle and sheep. This treatment resulted in a significant improvement in the reproductive performances (sheep: lambings/year increasing from 1.04 to 1.22 and lambs/lambing increasing from 1.11 to 1.19; cattle: age at first ca...

A large-scale longitudinal study was undertaken to investigate the effects of a strategic treatment of gastrointestinal nematodes on the mortality and fertility of N'Dama cattle under village conditions. Initially, 1046 animals from 26 private N'Dama cattle herds, were monitored from October 1989 to December 1994. Each herd was stratified by age an...

A large-scale study was undertaken to investigate the effects of two systematic anthelmintic treatments on village cattle productivity in the Gambia. Treated animals had significantly higher performance in terms of live weights and age at first calving, but the mortality rate of 0- to 1-yr-old cattle appeared to be negatively affected. These result...

From October 1989 to December 1994, a longitudinal study on the control of gastrointestinal nematodes was done on 1000 N'Dama cattle in 20 private herds in Gambia. Each herd was divided into two groups with an even distribution of age and sex. One group received a single anthelmintic treatment of Fenbendazole, Panacur Hoechst Veterinär GmbH, 7.5 mg...

L'inventaire, la charge et la dynamique saisonnière des populations de nématodes gastrointestinaux chez le bétail en Guinée maritime ont été étudiés par autopsie helminthologique et par coprologie. Quatre-vingt-dix-huit pour cent des bovins et 99 % des petits ruminants autopsiés étaient infestés. Haemonchus sp. et Cooperia spp. constituaient l'esse...

Although renewed interest is being shown in Africa for small holder production of small ruminants, financial assessments of profitability are scarce. This study examines the financial returns from traditional sheep production and identifies constraints to increased returns and the orientation of possible interventions. Results show that sheep produ...

Livestock development in West Africa appears promising as imports could be substituted by local production and demand in the region calls for increased supply. The profitability of cattle production is examined in this study as little information is available on this aspect. Results of the case study show a significant financial contribution of man...

Des autopsies helminthologiques ont été effectuées au Togo sur des petits ruminants (59 ovins, 60 caprins), de race Djallonké, révélant la présence de huit espèces de nématodes gastro-intestinaux qui sont par ordre de prévalence Trichostrongylus sp. (T. axei et T. colubriformis) (99 %), Haemonchus contortus (82 %), Strongyloides papillosus (67 %),...

Post-mortem helminthological examinations were performed in Togo on small ruminants of the Djallonké breed (59 sheep, 60 goats), revealing the presence of eight gastrointestinal nematode species which were, in decreasing prevalence order, Trichostrongylus sp. (T. axei and T. colubriformis) (99%), Haemonchus contortus (82%), Strongyloides papillosus...

Five Ndama bulls aged between 1.5 and 2 years and 20 Djallonke rams aged between 6 to 18 months were dewormed as follows: the bulls were dewormed in November (beginning of the dry season), the sheep were divided into four groups dewormed in November, January, March and May respectively. The animals were kept on naturally infected pastures prior to...

Cinq taureaux Ndama âgés de 1,5 à 2 ans et 20 béliers Djallonké âgés de 6 à 18 mois, maintenus sur des pâturages naturellement infestés, ont été vermifugés en novembre (début de saison sèche) pour les bovins et en novembre, janvier, mars et mai pour les ovins divisés en 4 groupes. L'excrétion d'oeufs de strongles gastro-intestinaux a été déterminée...