Petra Ossowski Larsson

Cybis Elektronik & Data AB

In this article we take a closer look at the Egyptian civil calendar and its primary sources to see if this provides useful understanding for the Egyptian chronology. Scientific dates for e.g. the Egyptian New Kingdom do still not comply fully with the historical consensus chronology in force. This might be due to the lingering use of outdated scie...

Using modern astronomical parameters and based on handed-down dates for "days of the Feast of the New Moon", we propose the exact accession years for two Egyptian New Kingdom pharaohs:-1497 for Thutmose III, and-1297 for Rameses II. These accession dates comply well with recent radiocarbon dates. We also include some remarks about the eight years a...

The rock-cut Great Temple at Abu Simbel in Nubia built by Rameses II has been associated with the royal jubilee of the pharaoh. Based on our proposed accession year-1297, we can demonstrate that the first few jubilees of the king would have been celebrated when the traditional civil date for the festival (V Tybi 1) coincided with the climax of the...

In this article we explore the papyrus archive from El Lahun using a strictly schematic Egyptian civil calendar and a modern astronomical date for the start of the calendar. This leads to the absolute accession years for three pharaohs of the Egyptian 12 th dynasty. The accession years are compatible with recent radiocarbon dates for dynastic Egypt...

Having postulated and demonstrated that the Egyptian civil calendar was used strictly schematically as a timekeeping instrument, we here investigate when and how the civil calendar was converted into the Alexandrian calendar. The surprising evidence shows that this happened in -37 CE and that a parallel calendar with the same start year and year le...

In the recent update (2022-08-31) of our article “Tree growth downturns in the Iron Age” we postulate that - due to a dendrochronological error of 218 years - an extreme narrow ring event in Scandinavian pine tree-ring chronologies at -329 CE is contemporary with the “Hallstatt gap” in central European oak tree-ring chronologies as well as the term...

Supplementary data to "Dendrochronological dating of Roman time" enclosed in a .zip file. Unzip it to an empty directory with e.g. Windows Explorer and then open the index.htm file with your browser. This is the same data referred to in the original article as http://www.cybis.se/papers/data1.

This article is about the historical consequences of our scientifically reinforced hypothesis that the West-Roman empire is conventionally dated some 232 years too old. We offer an alternative interpretation of some Roman heirlooms retrieved from the grave of the Frankish king Childeric, and from a Japanese grave dated to the late 5th century.

This article is about a rarity: radiocarbon dates of timbers archaeologically anchored in West-Roman time which are also dated by dendrochronology. The surprising but apparent trend is that the radiocarbon dates are a large number of years younger than the dendro dates. This strongly supports our hypothesis that West-Roman history and archaeology a...

In a new article in Dendrochronologia, Andreas Rzepecki with co-authors lift the lid on Ernst Hollstein's weak bridge over the Roman gap in the Central European oak chronology. This issue has been taboo since the bridge was accepted by academia. However, the authors do not deliver any scientific proof for their assertion that the bridge is still va...

We empirically demonstrate that acceptance thresholds for a dendrochronological cross-match of at least t=6 for oak and at least t=7 for pine are required when constructing independent tree-ring master chronologies. These thresholds are far above the "thresholds for significant matches" of t=3.5 or t=4 adopted forty years ago, which are still regar...

Cosmic abrupt radionuclide enrichment events provide a new exciting possibility for the exact dating and synchronization of organic samples or annually resolved sequences of organic samples using 14C measurement. Ice cores can be synchronized to the same events using 10Be measurement instead. The two globally assured events in 775 and 994 have alre...

Supplementary data for "Miyake Events from a dendrochronological point of view"

The Eastern Alpine Conifer Chronology is clearly synchronized with the European oak chronologies over the recent 2500 years, thus confirming the long established dendrochronological bridge over the "Roman gap" which we dispute. We claim that the European timber complex archaeologically anchored in Roman time is conventionally dated too old by 218 y...

Having postulated that the Christian era was inflated with 232 years already when it was invented at the transition from Late Antiquity to Early Medieval time, we are here looking for possible "twin events" with 232 years interval. These are major incisive events which were dated or reported multiple times in different historical contexts so that i...

Published or otherwise available European oak tree-ring chronologies archaeologically anchored in Roman time are all separated from early medieval chronologies by a severe timber depletion in late antiquity. Our recent dendrochronological study shows that this gap probably is unnecessarily wide because the Roman dendro complex as a whole appears da...

The Minoan eruption of the Thera (Santorini) volcano provides an archaeological key marker for the Bronze Age chronology of the Eastern Mediterranean civilizations. However, the exact date for this large eruption is still unknown. Based on published tree ring and ice core chronologies, we investigate the candidates for major volcano eruptions in th...

Based on published and otherwise available tree-ring data, we have analyzed the dendrochronological support for the current dating of Roman activities in western Europe. Manuscript rejected by Tree-Ring Research, details of peer review see: www.cybis.se/dendro

GAREGG, P.J.; KÖPPER, S.; OSSOWSKI , P.; THIEM, J.; J. Carbohydr.

The use of silver zeolite as a promoter for the preparation of β-linked 2-deoxygtycosides and disaccharides of biological relevance has been explored. Starting from benzoylated glycosyl bromides, the total yield of glycosides varies from 54 to 84% and the α:β ratio from 0.25 to 1.18.

The elicitor activity and structural characteristics of chemically synthesized hepta- and octa-beta-D-glucopyranosides were compared with the same properties of an elicitor-active mycelial-wall-derived hexa(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-D-glucitol. The specific elicitor activities, retention times on reversed-phase liquid chromatography columns, glycosyl-...

The glucoheptaose 1 and the glucooctaose 2 have been synthesized using unambiguous methods. The former is identical with an elicitor-active heptasaccharide obtained from partially hydrolyzed mycelium of Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. glycinea. The octasaccharide is also elicitor active, although to a lesser extent than the heptasaccharide. 1:R = H;...

Die Oligosaccharide (Ia) und (Ib), für die ein Syntheseschema angegeben wird, besitzen Elicitor-Aktivität, d.h. sie rufen die Bildung von Phytoalexinen, z.B. von Glyceollin, aus Sojabohnengewebe hervor.

The hexuronic acid methyl ester glycals with L-ribo (7), D-lyxo (9), and D-xylo configuration (11a) were synthesized and their conformations and that of the D-arabino derivative 2a were studied. Using the N-iodosuccinimide alycosylation procedure these glycals were transformed into cyclohexyl 2-deoxy-2-iodoglycosides 13 - 28 and their α/β-anomer ra...

Die N-Iodsucinimid-Kondensation von D-Digitoxal (1) mit den Monoacetyldigitoxosiden 2 und 3 führt zu α- und β-verknüpften Disacchariden mit interglycosidischen (1 → 4)- (5 und 9) sowie (1 → 3)-Bindungen (8 und 12), aus denen sich reduktiv alle möglichen Typen von Digitoxosyl-Digitoxosiden isoliert gewinnen lassen. Durch Umsetzung von 7 zum 3′,4′-Or...

Syntheses of p-trifluoroacetamidophenyl O-β-d-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-d-galactopyranoside (3) and p-trifluoroacetamidophenyl O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-d-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (11) are described. Silver zeolite was used as promoter for constructing the β-d-mannosyl linkages from 6-O-acetyl-2,3,4-...

Die N-Iodsuccinimid-Kondensation von D-Digitoxal (I) mit den Digitoxosiden (II) (4:1-Gemisch) führt zu den α- bzw. β-verknüpften Disacchariden (IIIa), (IIIb), (IVa), (IVb).

Durch Kondensation von Methyldigitoxosid (1) mit Triacetylglucal (5) nach dem N-Iodsuccinimid-Verfahren werden vorwiegend α-verknüpfte Disaccharide erhalten, wobei mehr α, 1 3- als α, 1 4-Verbindung 6 bzw. 10 anfällt. Das durch Orthoester-Reaktion aus 1 gewonnene Gemisch der Monoacetate 3 und 4 ergibt unter vergleichbaren Bedingungen überwiegend α,...

Modifizierte Koenigs-Knorr-Reaktion der Bromglucosen (I) mit dem Epoxid (II) liefert die Disaccharide (III), von denen sich (IIIa) mit LiI- zu einem Gemisch der Iodhydrine (IVa) + (IVb) umsetzt.

Modifizierte Königs-Knorr-Reaktionen der Acyl-α-bromglucosen 1 und 2 mit dem allo-Epoxid 3 führen zu den β, 1 → 4-verknüpften Disaccharid-Derivaten 4 und 5. Durch Umsetzung von 4 mit Lithiumiodid wird neben dem Isomeren 6 vorwiegend das 2-Iodhydrin 7 mit altro-Konfiguration im reduzierenden Ring gebildet. Reduktive Dehalogenierung von 7 liefert Met...

In Fortsetzung von Synthesearbeiten zum Aufbau der Saccharidsequenzen in Herzglycosiden nach den N-Iodsuccinimidverfahren wird die Verwendbarkeit von D-Digitoxose-Derivaten zur Gewinnung derartiger Oligosaccharide untersucht; es wird ferner über Versuche zur gezielten Darstellung von β-Glycosiden in der Reihe der wichtigen 2-Desoxyzucker berichtet...

Die Epoxidring?ffnung des allo-Epoxids (I) mit Li-Igibt unter verschiedenen Bedingungen jeweils ein Gemisch der Iodhydrine (II)+(III), aus dem mit Methyl-Li das D-Digitoxal (IVa) gewonnen wird (pr?parative Darstellung zweckm??ig ohne Trennung und Reinisolierung von (II/(III)].

Die Öffnung des 6-Desoxy-allo-epoxid-Derivats 1 mit Lithiumiodid gibt unter verschiedenen Bedingungen ein Gemisch aus dem 3-Iod-gluco-(3) und überwiegend dem 2-Iod-altro-Hydrin (2), deren Umsetzungen mit Methyllithium untersucht werden. Ein vereinfachtes Verfahren ermöglicht ohne Trennung von 2a und 3a die Herstellung des kristallinen D-Digitoxals...

Darstellung und Reaktionen der Glycale (IIIa) und (VII) werden beschrieben.

Verbesserungen der Saccharidsynthese erfordern leicht zugängliche Vorstufen und ein gutes Verknüpfungsverfahren. Diese Forderungen werden von den Glycalen ( 2 ) und ( 3 ) bzw. ihrer Reaktion mit N ‐Iodsuccinimid (NIS) erfüllt. magnified image