Petr Šída

University of Hradec Králové · Department of Archaeology

Our knowledge of the plant diet of the last European hunter-gatherers is hindered by the difficulties of recording poorly durable plant tissues. One exception is the hazelnut fruit, which preserves well at dry archaeological sites, although usually only in a charred state. Here we give the first evidence for the prehistoric (Mesolithic) use of seed...

In the lowlands and uplands of Central Europe, which were inhabited continuously from the very start of the Holocene to the present times, it is difficult to find territories suitable for investigation of natural baselines. For this reason, we picked the complicated rocky terrain of one upland area in NE Bohemia called Adrspach because, based on th...

Several new Neolithic sites have been identified in South Bohemia since 2013. This paper presents recent results of prospection on a Neolithic site in the cadastral area of Protivín (Písek District) conducted between 2017 and 2020. An assemblage of 295 pottery and stone industry finds was recovered. Pottery decoration gives evidence of occupation b...

The book presents a complex study of the phenomenon of periphery within prehistoric occupation. It is examined in case region of South Bohemia where the long-term interest of authors mingles here with factors that, in comparison to neighbouring regions, formed a specific environment for prehistoric inhabitants. The book is seeking answers to questi...

This paper explores the relationship between Mesolithic hunter-gatherers, Neolithic farmers and prehistoric herders using a regional-scale analysis of two agriculturally peripheral areas in Bohemia (Czech Republic). Both regions represent ecologically diverse islands used by hunter-gatherer communities for their rich natural resources and set withi...

In a continuous, perfectly stratified sedimentary sequence which was discovered under a large sandstone overhang in northern Bohemia, Czech Republic, we analysed multiple biological remains, archaeological features and artefacts. This multi-proxy record has allowed us to examine the interactions between woodland and humans in a permanently wooded e...

The northern Bohemian sandstone region brings an exceptionally rich record of Mesolithic settlement, particularly in the form of fireplaces as key structures to be studied when addressing cooking and consumption practices. A large number of different fireplace structures – including kettle-shaped pits and surface or sunken fireplaces, some lined wi...

This paper presents the results of excavations conducted at the Late Gravettian site of Lubná VI in 2012 and 2018. This site is an exceptional example of a short-term Late Gravettian campsite, occupied between 27.5 and 27.1 ka cal BP. Due to the specific location of this site, in an area situated far from lithic raw material sources, the archaeolog...

Until recently the Epigravettian occupation of Bohemia has remained relatively unknown. After re-evaluating an old assemblage from Ostroměř (first published by S. Vencl like the Ostroměř group of Late Palaeolithic) we can assign it to the Epigravettian cultural complex. A newly excavated site in Slatinky near Jičín probably dates to the Late Epigra...

In 2006–2009 a part of a Roman period settlement dated to the 2nd – early 5th century AD was excavated in the cadastral area of Cerekvice nad Loučnou (Pardubice Region, Czech Republic). The recovered material seems to be quite common (barbarian pottery), but it also contains a surprisingly rich collection of imports from Roman provinces (a sword ti...

We studied the transformation of a middle-to-late Holocene forested ecosystem using the highly indicative remains of land snails. The study areas were sandstone landscapes of northern Bohemia (Czech Republic) that provide extremely rich terrestrial fossil records. As far as we know, nowhere else in the world does such a type of sedimentary environm...

Download ********* Catalogue Full PDF and ***Plans Full PDF download here: https://nju.jcu.cz/edice/archaeologia/the-neolithic-site-of-hrdlovka ********* This book presents a complex analysis of the Hrdlovka Neolithic settlement in Northwest Bohemia (Czech Republic). As the site was occupied without interruption from the Linear Pottery (Linearband...

The Middle Upper Palaeolithic (MUP) in eastern Central Europe (ECE) comprises three variants of Gravettian culture: Early Gravettian, Pavlovian, and Late Gravettian. While Early Gravettian and Pavlovian are merely located in Lower Austria and Moravia, the Late Gravettian occupations occurred over the entire territory of ECE. Compared to the number...

Stand-scale palaeoecology in sandstone landscapes provides insight into contrasting Holocene forest succession trajectories. Sharp geomorphological gradients in this investigated area, which in addition have never been deforested during the Holocene, provide a good model for upscaling the local vegetation histories to the wider territory of Central...

Pronounced climatic warming associated with the Late Weichselian Pleniglacial‐to‐Lateglacial transition caused considerable environmental changes throughout the former periglacial zones (in Europe ~53°–46°N). During permafrost degradation and subsequent ground subsidence (i.e. thermokarst processes), the landscape changed rapidly. In this study we...

Thermokarst is a geomorphologic/genetic designation for areas where thawing of permafrost leads to local or widespread collapse, subsidence, erosion, and instability of the ground surface. Although thermokarst processes are recently peculiar to regions underlain by permafrost, i.e. in particular to lowlands of high latitudes Arctic areas (Alaska, C...

The article expands the existing modest knowledge of the Neolithic occupation of south Bohemia. The core of the work is an analysis of assemblages from excavations of the Dehtáře and Radčice settlement areas and at the newly discovered site of Mažice conducted in the 2015 and 2016. Analyses of the pottery decoration and radiocarbon dating confirmed...

Příspěvek rozšiřuje dosavadní skromné poznatky o neolitickém osídlení jižních Čech. Jádrem práce je analýza nálezových souborů z výzkumů sídelních areálů v Dehtářích, Radčicích a na nově objevené lokalitě Mažice uskutečněných v sezonách 2015 a 2016. Analýza keramického materiálu a radiokarbonová datace potvrdily osídlení v šáreckém stupni kultury s...

The article expands the existing modest knowledge of the Neolithic occupation of south Bohemia. The core of the work is an analysis of assemblages from excavations of the Dehtáre and Radcice settlement areas and at the newly discovered site of Mažice conducted in the 2015 and 2016. Analyses of the pottery decoration and radiocarbon dating confirmed...

This paper combines complex archaeological records from excavations of sandstone rockshelters with paleobotanical investigations in the adjacent wetlands of Northern Bohemia, Czech Republic. Several pollen diagramms from nearby peatbogs are used to document the paleoenvironmental development from the Late Glacial to the Middle Holocene. In addition...

The paper is focused on the period of cultural change at the turn of 6th and 5th millennia BC, when the uniform Linear Pottery Culture (LBK) occupying an extensive area disintegrated in several local groups or cultures, including the Stroked Pottery Culture (SBK) emerging in the regions of Bohemia and Saxony. The data comprising pottery, animal bon...

In this study, we present a novel, safe method for how to remove inorganic components from soil samples studied for archaeological purposes, in order to improve studies of the distribution of black carbon in the sedimentary record. As the depositional history of this material depends on the interaction between humans and the natural environment, th...

The aims of the project will be implemented on the basis of interdisciplinary studies involving archeology, geology, paleontology, palynology, anthracology and physical and geochemical examinations, including radiocarbon dating and isotope analysis. Realization of this project is supported by National Science Center, Poland (grant decision No. DEC-...

While lake deposits are commonly abundant in northern and NW Europe, most of the central Europe (except for the Alpine piedmont and Panonnian basin) is rather poor in this respect. This very much holds for the territory of the Czech Republic, where the absence of lacustrine deposits is explained both by the high relief dynamics of the region and by...

This paper discusses the grinding stones deposit in feature 838 from the Neolithic site of Hrdlovka, northwest Bohemia, which spatially interferes with the longhouse 8 ground plan. According to the relative chronology, based on an analysis of the ceramics recovered from feature 838, the context belongs to the Late SBK, the last phase of Neolithic o...

Lubná is one of the most important prehistoric sites in Bohemia. With a total of 8 Gravettian components located in a small area, it represents the greatest concentration of Upper Palaeolithic sites and has no precedent in the area. The closest analogy is the Pavlovian site cluster of Dolní Věstonice II. However, Lubná is younger, dating between 24...

The changes in Central Europe at the end of the Linear Pottery Culture (LBK) are one of the most discussed issues in recent Neolithic archaeology. The initial uniformity, which was reflected in some aspects of material culture, seems to have fallen apart into smaller regional cultures. This paper aims to present recently analysed Stroked Pottery Cu...

The first excavated Palaeolithic site of Bohemia was Lubná, where J. Kušta in 1890 excavated station I. At least seven other sites (Lubná II to VIII) were discovered in its vicinity over time, making the Lubná area the richest site cluster in Bohemia. It is also the only place in Bohemia where several stations are located in a small area. All sites...

The present work attempts to provide an understanding of the issue of Mesolithic archaeobotany, especially in terms of plant use, woodland clearance, and a discussion concerning Mesolithic agriculture. Plant use patterns in hunter-gatherers are also presented and discussed. Special attention is paid to taxa occurring within archaeological context a...

Due to the recent mapping and study of soil micro-morphology of the New brickyard at Horky nad Jizerou we were able to revise the sequence documented in the 1950s and 1960s in the Old brickyard. Sediments from Horky nad Jizerou document the evolution of loess sedimentation from at least MIS 15 to the pleniglacial of last glaciation (MIS 2). The dev...

The article presents the methodological approach used in the case of a Neolithic building complex, where the subject of investigation is the long tripartite house III from the Hrdlovka site in the Czech Republic. A method of chronological analysis is suggested and demonstrated. The site located in northwest Bohemia was excavated in the area of an o...

a b s t r a c t Archaeological excavations at North-Bohemian sandstone rock shelters have uncovered complex evi-dence of intermittent human presence since the Late Palaeolithic to recent times. In this paper, we investigate the history of Holocene woodlands based on charcoal assemblages from stratified sandy accumulations under archaeologically inv...

Erste geschliffene Artefakte aus Metabasit (meistens des Typs Isergebirge) erscheinen in der jüngeren Phase des borealzeitlichen Mesolithikums im Horizont 7600–6900 BC (Švédův převis – Schwedenüberhang, Rottenburg-Siebenlinden 4, Sarching). Belegt sind sie auch aus der älteren Phase des atlantischen Mesolithikums aus dem Horizont 6900–6200 BC (Bad...

It is only 12 years, when mesolithic horizon of settlement in Bohemian paradise was recognized. Although first artefacts were collected at the start od 20th century, for almost century remained unrecognised. During last years we were able to determine all old collections, make a chronological frame and excavate new sites with complex stratigraphies...

Under the water surface of the Velký Tisý fishpond and in its surrounding, four depressions were discovered by hand boring. Size of the depressions is several tens up to several hundred meters in diameter and they are filled by peat and thick lake sediments, which accumulated during the Late Glacial and Early Holocene. Pre-Holocene age of the depos...

The site of Hrdlovka (NW Bohemia) was excavated during salvage actions between 1987 and 1991. The site offered 16 complete Neolithic houses (from 71 partially recorded houses registered in trenches). One-half of houses could be dated to the Stroked Pottery period. Main goal of the project is to analyse the Neolithic components in context of current...

Here we show the results of a study concerning a small group of shaft‐hole axes found in northeastern Italy, made from amphibole‐rich metabasites, fine‐grained and free of phenoblasts. The main mineral phases are amphibole, ranging from actinolite to hornblende, and plagioclase (An10–15 and An70–77). The amphiboles generally show a needle shape and...

Modern Czech research of Mesolithic settlements in pseudo-karst rock shelters started in 1951, with the work of F. Prošek and V. Ložek at Zátyní (Prošek, Ložek 1952). This was the first time the Mesolithic had been identified in an excavation in the Czech Republic. The material from this site has now been dated. Mesolithic settlement in the Český r...

Former Lake Švarcenberk is a unique site in the northern part of the Třeboň region. Lake sediments have preserved a record of the transformation of the natural environment between the end of the Last Glacial Maximum and the Late Atlantic chronozone. As the water was an attractive location for Palaeolithic and Mesolithic hunters, a great number of s...

Investigations of the Schwarzenberg Lake constantly bring important data on vegetation, landscape development, and human occu- pation since the end of the Last Glacial Maximum. Great scientific potential of the area base on conditions suitable for both palaeoen- vironmental and archaeological research. This article is an attempt to summarize curren...

This study examined the metabasites in a thermal aureole of the Tanvald granite in the northern part of the Bohemian Massif that were used for manufacturing Neolithic tools. The metabasites form relatively thin bodies from several cm to 2 m thick and are intercalated conformably within the host metasedimentary rocks. Two types of thermally metamor-...

This paper examines the chronology of the Magdalenian occupation of Bohemia. New samples for 14C-AMS-dating were collected from old neglected archaeological collections. We present and discuss these results for the time of the re-colonisation of the northern regions after the last glacial maximum and suggest three hypotheses for the chronology of t...

Pollen data from the Czech Republic was used to detect the early Holocene impact of hunter-gatherers on vegetation based on a selection of 19 early Holocene pollen profiles, complemented with archaeological information regarding the intensity of local and regional Mesolithic human habitation. Archaeological evidence was assigned to simple categorie...

The origin of this book was somewhat more complex than is usual amongst titles of this kind. First we aimed to publish a volume of long abstracts from a conference of the “Czech Archaeobotany Working Group” that took place in âeské Budûjovice, South Bohemia, in January 2006. This group is an informal collection of people dedicated to archaeobotany...

The extinct Lake Švarcenberk offers an unprecedented quantity of data for the study of the natural environment and its interaction with human settlement for the period of time between 15 000 years BP and 5000 years cal BC. Recently both natural scientific and archaeological excavations have been undertaken here. An extensive Mesolithic settlement w...

North Mesopotamian town Arbil (ancient Urbilum, Arba-ilu, Arbela) with at least five-milenia-long history belongs among the towns with the longest settlement continuity of the world. The city, along with Ninive and Assur, reached the apex of its importance during the Neo-Assyrian period (10(th)-7(th) centuries BC) as a religious metropolis and roya...

For a long time, Late Palaeolithic and Mesolithic finds were not known in the region of the Bohemian Paradise (Český ráj). The largest sites and collections had already been explored prior to the Second World War, but these long remained unrecognised. It was not until a thorough review of finds in recent years that we have been able to expand the n...

Sunken “hut” from the Middle Eneolithic in Prague 9 - Miškovice. Results of archaeological and palaeoecological analyses. The hut has a regular ground-plan (3.92 x 3.64 m) and simple as well as double rows of post-holes along the walls; it was studied in 2004. It represents a distinct architectural type of the Řivnáč culture. Roughly 1/3 of the hut...

A study of the geographical dispersal of the raw materials for Neolithic polished and chipped stone industries enables a determination of the main trends in the distribution of these different types of raw material. While silicite raw materials vary at around 30 % representation at distances of 70-150 km from their sources, in the case of the metab...

The Neolithic quarrying complex discovered in 2002 in the Jistebsko cadastre (in the Jizera Mountains) is one of the oldest and largest relicts of its type in the Czech Republic. The raw material scatter indicates that the extraction and processing of the raw materials for polished stone tools, probably for distribution across contemporary Central...

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Vydáno ve spolupráci s Geoparkem UNESCO Český ráj a Českou geologickou službou Praha 1000 výt.

1. vyd. Na obálce: katedra archeologie Fakulty filozofické Západočeské univerzity v Plzni