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September 1999 - April 2021
Publications
Publications (62)
Near-infrared spectroscopy is one of the fastest available analytical methods, and it is susceptible to clay minerals in the studied samples or terrains, making it potentially valuable for quantifying clay minerals' content. Nevertheless, its practical applicability for this task needs to be rigorously tested. In this study, we sought to evaluate i...
The non-aqueous extraction (NAE) is an alternative to the commercial water-based extraction technology used to liberate bitumen from oil sands. Although the impact of kaolinite, illite, chlorite, illite-smectite and montmorillonite on NAE process has been previously studied, the effect of different types of smectites has not been fully understood y...
The Dolná Ves K-bentonite deposit is one of a few known economic accumulations of illite-smectite in the world. Several studies have been done on the illite-smectitic component isolated from the Dolná Ves K-bentonite, but there is a shortage of analytical data on the K-bentonite itself. The main goal of the present study was to perform mineralogica...
The ratio of radionuclide 10Be and stable nuclide 9Be in a water column is affected by proximity of terrestrial sources, since 9Be is derived from weathering of rock masses, while cosmogenic 10Be has a meteoric origin. Prograding of river deltas forming deltaic parasequences (high frequency cycles) as well as prograding of shelf slopes (4th and hig...
The history of exploitation of gold from the Danube River’s sandy gravels is centuries long. The extraction of valuable heavy minerals (VHM) concentrate was never intended. Our aim is to find out an effective separation process to produce monomineral concentrates of the following minerals: garnet, ilmenite, zircon, monazite, magnetite, rutile, gold...
An acoustic survey using sub-bottom sonar (SBS) and Autonomous Underwater Vehicle EcoMapper (AUVEM) combined with coring was used for the investigation of bottom topography, thickness of the sediments, and geodynamic factors influencing the postglacial deposition in Tatra Mts. lakes. This combined study of seven lakes shows four basic acoustic unit...
This repository contains raw sub-bottom sonar (SBS) data about limnic infill and raw Autonomous Underwater Vehicle EcoMapper (AUVEM) data about bottom topography obtained on seven alpine and sub-alpine lakes in the Tatra mountains, Slovakia.
The data presented in this paper are related to the research article “Sub-bottom and bathymetry sonar inspection of postglacial lacustrine infill of the alpine lakes (Tatra Mts., Slovakia)” [1]. An implementation of acoustic sonar protocols provided data for the interpretation of glacigene, glaciolacustrine, postglacial, mass-movement deposits, and...
Perlites in the Central Slovakia Volcanic Field are associated with with rhyolite dykes, cryptodomes, extrusive domes, coulées and volcanoclastic rocks of the Jastrabá Fm. (12.3–11.4 Ma). From numerous occurrences only the Lehôtka pod Brehmi (LPB) and Jastrabá (JST) represent deposits of economic interest. The LPB deposit exploits a pile of extrude...
The character of parent material, organic matter and climatic conditions are the crucial factors of pedogenesis. They directly influence the intensity of weathering, transformation processes, elements release and geochemical cycles. The mineral transformation in a profile of the recent soil developed on loess (Haplic Luvisols, Siltic, Epidystric, O...
The Tatra moraine relief and cosmogenic nuclide dating show glacier stabilization and the maximum glacier extent in two phases, at 26-21 ka and at 18 ka followed by a gradual retreat and a termination of the glaciation during the Bølling/Allerød warming at 14.64-12.9 ka (Makos et al., 2014). A renewed glaciation within the Younger Dryas (12.9-11.5...
A new approach to determination of water content in raw perlites, an industrially important material, and obsidian was proposed, utilizing diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in the near-IR region. The mineralogical composition of the perlite samples was over 94% rhyolitic volcanic glass, with only small admixture of other components. The observed vol...
Výskum sedimentárnej výplne tatranských plies pomocou akustických metód prebiehal v rokoch 2016 až 2019. Cieľom bolo systematizovať poznatky o topografii dna, mocnosti a štruktúre sedimentov a priniesť poznatky o pôvode, vývoji a sedimentárnych procesoch v plesách. Za týmto účelom boli využité sonary typu chirp pre detekciu mocnosti výplne a side p...
In the past years an increasing demand for bentonites resulted in opening of new bentonite deposits in the Jastrabá Formation. The shortage of information, in particular analytical data, on the bentonites from newly opened Jastrabá Fm. deposits was the motivation for the current study. Smectite is the predominant mineral in all bulk bentonites from...
In the past years an increasing demand for bentonites resulted in opening of new bentonite deposits in the Jastrabá Formation. The shortage of information, in particular analytical data, on the bentonites from newly opened Jastrabá Fm. deposits was the motivation for the current study. Smectite is the predominant mineral in all bulk bentonites from...
The water release from perlite from the three most important deposits in Central Europe was investigated with the aim to improve the understanding of the expansion process of perlites. Several attributes: water content, temperature, porosity, particle size, and mineralogical and chemical composition were evaluated. Detailed measurements of the wate...
The Biely Vrch deposit in the Western Carpathians is assigned to the shallow, sulfide-poor porphyry gold deposit type and has an exceptionally low Cu/Au ratio. According to 3-D geochemical models, there is a limited spatial correlation between Au and Cu due to the primary introduction of gold by a salt melt and Cu by low-density vapor. Despite a ro...
Acid activation of clay minerals is one of the most effective methods proposed to produce materials with increased acidity and adsorption properties. In this work fine fraction of bentonite from deposit Kopernica (Slovakia) was treated with 6 mol/L HCl. Variety of methods were employed in order to investigate the structural changes occurring as a r...
The Ceramic District of Santa Gertrudes (CDSG) is the most important producer of ceramic floor and wall tiles in Brazil. Industries that produce ceramic tiles by dry route process have researched new technologies to dry the Corumbataí Formation (Fm) raw materials. It is due to environmental problem related to the dust emission in the air, produced...
Variations in mineralogical and elemental composition of Turbic Cryosol (King George Island and James Ross Island), Skeletic Cryosol (J. Ross Island, the Trinity Peninsula), Leptic Andosols (Deception Island), and Skeletic Andosols (Deception Island) were studied. Significant differences in mineralogical composition in size fraction, vertical and h...
The mineralogy, chemistry, surface properties and pore structure characteristics of the four different petrologic types of Alberta oil sands were determined in order to better understand their impact on non-aqueous solvent bitumen extraction. Quartz, clay minerals and carbonates were the main mineral constituents of the studied samples. With increa...
The Upper Jurassic Marls of Mikulov present a formation that is considered to be the most promising strata to produce hydrocarbons in the Vienna basin. The marls are composed of dark pelagic marlstones that frequently contain layers of limestone with thickness reaching several hundreds of meters. Twenty-seven core samples from selected wells locate...
The Ceramic District of Santa Gertrudes (CDSG) is the largest producer of ceramic floor and wall tiles in Brazil. Tile manufacturers in the CDSG use the single raw material, clayey rocks from the Corumbataí formation. Mineralogical, chemical, thermal and microstructural characterization of the clayey rocks from the Corumbataí formation have been pe...
Three different polymer nanocomposites were prepared using clay modified with tetraoctylammonium (4C8) surfactant. The dispersion of clay silicate layers were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and small angle scattering (SAXS). Free volume cavity sizes were studied with positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS). Scattering methods conf...
Talc is an important industrial mineral with a broad range of applications. Particle size and crystal structure have a significant influence on the potential uses. The present study examined the influence of grinding and ultrasound treatment on talc from a new deposit, Gemerská Poloma, in Slovakia. The general knowledge that grinding produces progr...
The Slovak natural raw material kaolin sand containing 36 wt.% of kaolinite from Vyšný Petrovec deposit was thermally transformed at 650 °C for 1 hour to the metakaolin sand with relevant content of metakaolinite. Behaviour of cement composites having replacement of Portland cement with metakaolin sand including 0; 5; 10 and 15 wt.% of metakaolinit...
The Tomanová Formation, of Rhaetian age, overlying the Norian Carpathian Keuper in the Tatra Mts is built of cyclic parasequences of mudstones and sandstones. Quartz (15 to 70 wt.%), kaolinite (13 to 46 wt.%) and 2:1 Al dioctahedral phyllosilicates (dioct 2:1: muscovite, illite, illite/smectite: 5 to 39 wt.%) represent the major mineral phase. The...
Hematite (α-Fe2O3) is one of the most common iron oxides and a sink for the toxic metalloid arsenic. Arsenic can be immobilized by adsorption to the hematite surface; however, the incorporation of As in hematite was never seriously considered. In our study we present evidence that, besides adsorption, the incorporation of As into the hematite cryst...
The Biely vrch deposit is a new economic Au-porphyry mineralization discovered in Slovakia. The deposit is located in the central zone of the Neogene Javorie stratovolcano, situated in the eastern part of the Central Slovakian Volcanic Field. Au-porphyry deposits represent a relatively new type of deposits of the porphyry group that has a growing i...
Comprehensive characterization of kaolin sand from the
Vyšný Petrovec (VP) deposit in Slovakia by a variety of
experimental methods was performed. The quantitative XRD analysis
(RockJock software) revealed that the acid-untreated sample contained
mainly kaolinite (~60 wt. %), a considerable amount of dioctahedral
micas (~32 wt. %) and quartz (~ 7 w...
Silica sands of low quality contain free iron oxides, clay and silt. These impurities may be removed by biological leaching as well as by industrial washing. The fine fractions obtained from industrial washing of quartz sand from Šastín, Slovakia, with a higher content of iron-bearing minerals and clay minerals were used to study bioleaching of imp...
A temperature increase coupled with other geochemical perturbations is expected to occur during the heat phase of the geological repository due to the presence of heat-emitting radioactive waste and engineered barrier system. To study the impact of a temperature increase on the geochemistry of some candidate clay host rocks considered in Europe, we...
Abstract: The Hliník nad Hronom bentonite deposit is situated in Jastrabá Formation on the NW margin of the Štiavnické vrchy Mts. Geological exploration was realised in the deposit at the end of eighties. The bentonite was described as lower quality. The deposit is very rarely operated. The purpose of presented study was characterisation of the ben...
Although not used commercially, a nonaqueous extraction process is of great interest to extract bitumen from the Alberta oil sands due to its potential advantages, such as high bitumen recovery even from low grade oil sands ores and the elimination of slow settling, sludge tailings ponds with stable suspensions. While clay minerals have been charac...
Although not used commercially, a nonaqueous extraction process is of great interest to extract bitumen from the Alberta oil sands due to its potential advantages, such as high bitumen recovery even from low grade oil sands ores and the elimination of slow settling, sludge tailings ponds with stable suspensions. While clay minerals have been charac...
Understanding the interaction of clay minerals with bitumen in the oil sands is of great interest in developing water-free or water-reduced bitumen extraction processes. Previous work by Kaminsky et al. has shown, by X-ray diffraction (XRD), that there is a difference between clay minerals that partition to the froth stream and the clay minerals th...
An effective remediation strategy for a polluted site should take the absolute amount of the pollutant(s) into account. Here, we present an elemental budget for As, Sb and Fe in two tailing impoundments of the former Sb-Au deposit near Pezinok, Slovakia. The two impoundments contain 5,740×103 kg As, 6,360×103 kg Sb and 50,105×103 kg Fe. An estimate...
Mineral stability of Fe-rich bentonite in the Mock-Up-CZ experiment
Bentonite is a basic component of most concepts of multibarrier systems in underground radioactive waste repositories. It is important to determine the bentonite stability under the conditions close to the future real situation. The paper brings the detailed mineral and structural...
The K-Ar dating of glauconite has been used as an important stratigraphic tool for many decades. The application of this technique is limited to pure glauconites, free of detrital contamination by K-bearing phases, often not easy to detect. This study extends the application of isotope dating to the contaminated glauconites and offers a precise tec...
Understanding mineralogy and surface properties of clays is very vital in oil sands processing and tailings management. Clay-sized minerals (CSM) in oil sands are often contaminated by tightly adsorbed organics during hydrocarbon removal, thereby increasing surface hydrophobicity and making characterization of CSM problematic. This study evaluates...
Understanding the interaction of clay minerals with bitumen in the oil sands is of great interest in developing water-free or water-reduced bitumen extraction processes. Previous work by Kaminsky et al. has shown, by x-ray diffraction, that there is a difference in clay minerals that partition to the froth stream versus the clays that remain in the...
Mixed-layer illite-smectite with high degree of ordering (rectorite-like clay) and with three types of interlayer cations À K + , Na + and NH 4 + , was determined in the high-sulfide epithermal mineralization of the Western Carpathian Mountains. The tobelitic portion of the clay comprises 5À10%. Ammonium was detected both by chemical analysis and b...
The BWA (Bertaut-Warren-Averbach) technique for the measurement of the mean crystallite thickness and thickness distributions of phyllosilicates was applied to a set of kaolin and bentonite minerals. Six samples of kaolinitic clays, one sample of halloysite, and five bentonite samples from selected Serbian deposits were analyzed. These clays are of...
The effect of a saline environment on illitization in volcanoclastic rocks is examined in deep boreholes in the East Slovak Basin. Based on X-ray diffraction analysis, it is concluded that illite-smectite (I-S) expandability is always less in the salt-bearing bentonites (SBB) than in the salt-free bentonites (SFB) for a given depth interval. These...
Kaolinitic sands from deposit Vyšný Petrovec represent tree component system comprised of quartz (60-70 %), Fe-bearing muscovite (15-25 %) and kaolinite (12-18 %). The aim of the study is to define mineralogical and chemical composition of different fractions between 0.1 and 0.8 mm before and after electromagnetic and gravity separation as well as...
Two independent methods of crystal-size distribution analysis were compared: the Bertaut-Warren-Averbach XRD technique (MudMaster computer program) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). These techniques were used to measure thickness distributions of illite crystals (fundamental particles) from sets of illite-smectites from...
The results of a new technique for the measurement of the thickness distribution of fundamental particles are reported. The technique is based on high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) of Na-saturated mixed-layer illite-smectite dispersed in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP-10). Intercalation of PVP-10 increases the spacing of expandable...
The Bertaut-Warren-Averbach (BWA) technique and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) were used to characterize the products of dry-ground pyrophyllite. Mean crystallite thickness and crystallite thickness distributions were measured for each sample using the BWA technique. Mean crystallite thickness decreases during the treatmen...
The paper deals with smectite to illite transformation in the different boreholes of the East Slovak Basin with accent on the study of the salt-bearing bentonites and claystones. Illitization is different in salt-bearing rocks in the comparison with common bentonites and claystones in the area. A process of illitization is studied by wetting and dr...
Smolník and Banská Štiavnica are two mining areas in Slovakia with very serious impact of mining activities on environment. Massive pyrite oxidation and free sulphuric acid production are the major reason for mine water acidification in Smolník. Fe-ochre precipitates have formed after mixing of acid mine waters and have fixed large quantities of di...
