Peter Efimov

Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russia Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia · Herbarium

The first complete and updated checklist of vascular plants of Asian Russia is compiled. It is based on “Checklist of Flora of Asian Russia: Vascular Plants” (Baikov 2012) but incorporates numerous floristic, taxonomic and nomenclatural novelties. The territorial scope of the checklist is constituted by three federal districts of Russia (Ural, Sibe...

The paper provides information about Epipactis persica, a new species for the flora of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and China. New localities of this species are based on herbarium material stored in herbarium collections AA, KUZ, LE, MW, NUR, and TASH, personal field records, and observations published on iNaturalist. Localities in Kazakhstan represent...

Taraxacum erythroboreale Efimov, a new apomictic species, is described and illustrated. It occurs in Russia (North of the European part), in the Murmansk and Vologda regions, in the Komi Republic, being locally very abundant. It occupies mainly dry sandy roadsides and other similar ruderal places, and seems benefiting from the anthropogenic disturb...

Alexey Borisovich Shipunov Alexey Shipunov was an outstanding person in many ways. An accomplished botanist, he was also a programmer and a teacher. One of his many impressive features was his universality. Indeed, he was interested in a vast range of things, and his professional scope accordingly tended to be universal: for example, as a taxonomis...

As a result of studies of the genus Dactylorhiza undertaken by Alexey B. Shipunov, numerous "northern tetraploids" – plants combining the genomes of diploid D. fuchsii and tetraploid D. maculata s.str., were found among the material from North European Russia. However, it remained unclear whether non-hybrid D. fuch sii was represented in the northe...

We present a review of Orchidaceae Juss. of the northern part of Kazakhstan, within the steppe, forest-steppe and semi-desert habitats of the country (Pavlodar, northern Kazakhstan, Kostanay, Akmola, Aktobe, West Kazakhstan, partially Karaganda and East Kazakhstan regions). The investigation is based on herbarium materials, literature data and fiel...

The study of the distributional changes is a perspective subject of botanical research. Such studies are of particular importance for diagnosis of decline, and can make an important input for the identification of specific factors affecting plant abundance and, in the future, to provide appropriate plant protection in situ. The aim of this study is...

Memorial Bibliography of Alexey Borisovich Shipunov

In this paper, we present nomenclatural novelties required in the course of the preparation of the second, revised version of the checklist of vascular plants of Asian Russia. The first version was published in 2012 (Baikov 2012). At the family level, we accepted the modern classification systems (APG IV for flowering plants, PPG I for lycophytes a...

The species Dactylorhiza sambucina, which is included into the Red Data Book of Russian Federation, should be excluded from the Flora of Russia. Its reports from the Orel Region were based on the incorrectly determined herbarium specimens of other taxa. Reports from the Bryansk Region although not confirmed by herbarium specimens are also obviously...

The distribution of Cypripedium macranthos and C. × ventricosum in Eastern Europe is described in the literature controversially. At the same time, Cypripedium species are legally protected plants of the highest conservational importance, and detailed knowledge about their historic and current distribution is essential for correct setting of conser...

According to currently available data, 159 species of genus Taraxacum F. H. Wigg. were reported for North-West Russia (i. e. within the city of Saint-Petersburg, Leningrad Region, Pskov Region, and Novgorod Region), but among them the specimens of only 126 species were identified with reliability. Five Taraxacum species are reported in this article...

The article reports the first finding of Hammarbya paludosa (L.) Kuntze in the Orenburg Region. The species was found in 2014 in the “Buzulukskiy Bor” National Park, in location called “Losinaya Pristan”, which represents a refuge for many extremely rare in the Orenburg Region boreal plants. This orchid was earlier mistakenly determined as Herminiu...

In the article, we give new data on the flora of the Pskov Region accumulated since “Conspectus of the Vascular Flora of Pskov Region” was published in 2018. Among them, 5 species ( Cuscuta campestris , Galium tricornutum , Luzula luzuloides , Nymphoides peltata and Papaver argemone ) have been recorded in the Region for the first time since 2018....

Orchidaceae is a diverse, globally important plant family with high conservation assessment and prioritization requirements. The checklist of Orchidaceae in Mongolia was updated based on herbarium materials, literature, and field observations. Mongolian orchids were revised as comprising 26 taxa belonging to 14 genera with major updates were conduc...

The article represents the typification of 20 names of orchids from the Flora of Russia. The typified names in the current use are the following: Goodyera henryi, Orchis comperiana (basionym for Himantoglossum comperianum), Orchis salina (basionym for Dactylorhiza salina), and Listera nipponica (basionym for Neottia nipponica). Other typified names...

The presented dataset contains information about findings of vascular plant species found in Russia and adjacent countries and published in Botanica Pacifica Journal. In total, this dataset includes 38 species belonging to 34 genera and 23 families. The study is based on data obtained during field explorations, as well as during taxonomic revisions...

With this paper we continue a new annual series, the main purpose of which is to make significant floristic findings from Russia and neighboring countries more visible in Russia and abroad. In total, this paper presents new records for 38 vascular plant species from 7 Eurasian countries, obtained during field explorations, as well as during taxonom...

The article provides data on two orchid species, new in the flora of Kazakhstan. These are Neottia cordata from Markakol State Nature Reserve (East Kazakhstan) and Hammarbya paludosa from Mugodzhary Mts. (West Ka- zakhstan). The nearest previously known locations of Hammarbya paludosa are more than 500 km northwards from the reported location. Th...

In this article we present and discuss the main factors that threaten natural populations of Cypripedium calceolus (lady's slipper orchid) in Europe, and we propose conservation strategies and directions for protective actions of its population on a regional scale. European C. calceolus populations have decreased significantly in the last two decad...

The name Neottia camtschatea was originally validly published by Sprengel in 1826, not by Reichenbach in 1851 as is widely accepted. The name Ephippianthus schmidtii antedates (Reichenbach, II 1868) the name E. sachalinensis (Reichenbach, VI–X 1868) though the latter, being illegitimate as nomenclaturally superfluous, is more frequently used and ac...

Three vascular plant species new to the flora of the Pskov Region are reported: Carex melanostachya M. Bieb. ex Willd., Geum macrophyllum Willd., and Laserpitium prutenicum Pall. ex M. Bieb.

A checklist of orchids is presented for Russia. Data from the project «Biodiversity Mapping of Orchidaceae of Russia» are supplemented by the literature data in order to analyse the geographical distribution of species. We consider that the orchid diversity of Russia comprises 135 species and 13 subspecies belonging to 38 genera, including several...

We analyzed the phylogenetic relationships of the genus Trisetacus using two genes [cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and D1-D2 region of 28S rDNA (D1-D2 28S)], a representive taxon sampling (nearly 40% of known diversity), and a large set of close and distant outgroups. Our analyses suggest the presence of a dichotomy between Trisetacus associa...

A new species list of plants and lichens of Russia and neighboring countries has been developed for Turboveg for Windows, the program, intended for storage and management of phytosociological data (relevés), is widely used all around the world (Hennekens, Schaminée, 2001; Hennekens, 2015). The species list is built upon the database of the Russian...

Platanthera Rich. is a genus of ca. 125 species with a predominantly Northern Hemisphere distribution. A recent monograph of the genus did not cite important material from New Guinea. On the island the genus is represented by species from the tropical section Mecosa (Blume) Kraenzl. of subgenus Platanthera, which are not widely represented in herba...

The book describes native orchids of the Crimea. A short overview, color photographs, and a map showing distribution within the Crimea are presented for each of the 45 species. A key to identification of all taxa is also provided. The book is dedicated for specialists in nature conservation, students, and everybody who is interested in the Crimean...

New records and supplementary morphological descriptions of two rarely encountered Trisetacus species from Pinaceae, T. abietis Postner 1968 and T. cedri (Nalepa 1920), are reported. Trisetacus abietis was found in Abkhazia under the needle epidermis of Abies nordmanniana (Steven) Spach, a conifer endemic to the mountainous Asian coast of the Black...

Taxonomy of two species of genus Neottia, N. puberula and N. pinetorum, is discussed. A widely used name Listera savatieri is lectotypified, and by lectotypification, it falls into the synonymy of Neottia pinetorum. A poorly known species from Central Asia, N. tianschanica, is shown to be synonymous to N. pinetorum.

A new vagrant eriophyoid mite species, Setoptus tsugivagus n. sp. Chetverikov (Eriophyoidea, Phytoptidae, Nalepellinae, Nalepellini), is described from the needles of the western hemlock, Tsuga heterophylla (Rafinesque) Sargent (Pinaceae) in Vancouver, Canada. The new species can be distinguished from all other members of Setoptus by a distinct pat...

Род Ophrys L. широко известен благодаря своей системе привлечения опылителей путем полового обмана, и считается, что диверсификация внутри рода является результатом смены адаптаций к различным опылителям. Несмотря на эти узкие адаптации, интрогрессия внутри рода Ophrys достаточно обычна. Следствием особенностей эволюционного процесса является сложн...

The list of species included in the Red Data Book of the Leningrad Region and, thus, legally protected, was officially adopted in 2015 and contains 529 species. However, in fact this list is out of date because it almost completely repeats the list of species, included into the Red Data Book of Nature of the Leningrad Region (plants and fungi) publ...

In the context of the Project for Mapping of Russian Orchids, several species were discovered in some regions of Russia for the first time. These records are: Cephalanthera longifolia in Ulyanovsk Region, Dactylorhiza aristata and D. incarnata in Primorye Territory, D. sibirica in Sakhalin Region, Liparis loeselii in Komi Republic, Platanthera bifo...

The article represents a description of 23 taxa of orchidaceous plants, which are absent from the «Catalogues of the type specimens of the vascular plants, kept in the Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute» in the sector of Central and East Asia and in the sector of Siberia and the Russian Far East. For one more taxon (Listera savatieri Maxi...

The article represents an overview of three proposed protected areas (PAs) in the Leningrad Region. The background data substantiating necessity of those PAs were collected during the research focused on the detection of biologically valuable forests in Podporoz’hye and Tikhvin Districts. The largest PA «Severo-Svirskiy» consists of three clusters....

The genetic structure and diversity of species is determined by both current population dynamics and historical processes. Population genetic structure at the edge of the distribution is often expected to differ substantially from populations at the centre, as these edge populations are often small and fragmented. In addition, populations located i...

The injuriousness of cereal aphids is determined not only by their feeding but also, indirectly, by transmitting dangerous viral infections onto both their hosts (cereal crops) and non-host plants (potato). We studied the interactions between the bird cherry-oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) and its unfamiliar hosts which are potential carrie...

The chromosome numbers of 5 species and one hybrid of orchids (Orchidaceae) from the Northwestern Russia are presented. Previously known chromosome numbers are confirmed for 4 species, Epipactis palustris Crantz 2n = 40, Gymnadenia conopsea (L.) R. Br. 2n = 40, Listera ovata (L.) R. Br. 2n = 34 + 0—6B, and Pseudorchis albida (L.) Å. Löve & D. Löve...

Morphological and allozyme analyses of Siberian dactylorchids have revealed the presence of a new, previously undescribed allopolyploid that is described here as species new to science. The genetic constitution as revealed by allozyme analysis of this species confirms that its parents are the diploid Siberian D. fuchsii and D. incarnata, and it is...

A revision of Platanthera of Asia is presented, which recognises 78 species. Each species description is supplemented by extensive synonymy and a distribution map; all species are illustrated by line drawings. In the general chapters, special importance is given to delineating the generic limit of Platanthera, which is continuously changing. An imp...

Despite numerous phylogenetic studies in recent decades, dactylorchids still remain taxonomically a poorly resolved group, which is especially a case for the vast territory of Russia. The massive morphological sampling effort was made towards the better understanding of dactylorchids in northern (from 50° latitude) European Russia. Previous study r...

Makino (1907) described Sanguisorba grandiflora (Rosaceae) citing "Sanguisorba tenuifolia var. grandiflora Maxim.?" in the protologue. Although some botanists cite this taxon as "S. grandiflora (Maxim.) Makino", according to ICN (Melbourne Code) Art. 35.2, Makino should be the only author for the taxon. Two relevant specimens of S, grandiflora are...

Upon a detailed analysis of the protologue of Orchis morio var. mascula and elements associated with it, we demonstrate that Linnaeus based its original diagnosis on only one specimen and one illustration. The previously designated lectotype of O. morio var. mascula, which is not referable to O. mascula in its current taxonomic circumscription, is...

The discovery of Cephalanthera exigua (Orchidaceae), a rare mycoheterotrophic species, is reported from southern Vietnam, Lam Dong province, representing a new specific and generic record for the flora of Vietnam. It also significantly expands the knowledge about the distribution area of this species. Problems of phylogeny, taxonomy and species ide...

Twenty names currently assigned to the genus Platanthera are lecto- or neotypified: Habenaria henryi, H. nematocaulon, H. pachycaulon, H. stenantha, H. zosterostyloides, Hemihabenaria stenantha var. auriculata, Platanthera chorisiana var. elata, P. delavayi, P. finetiana, P. florentii, P. komarovii, P. listeroides, P. mandarinorum, P. manubriata, P...

A lectotype is design ated for Habenaria dyeriana King & Pantl. (Orchid aceae) as an earlier typification is not in accordance with the Melbourne Code. A detailed description of Platanth era dyeriana (King & Pantl.) Kraenzl. (= Habenaria dyeriana) is provided along with relevant photographs. Its conservation status in India and its affinity to some...

A new obligately self-pollinating species, Epipactis krymmontana, is described from the Crimea. The species is closely related to E. condensata from which it differs by its relatively loose and usually much shorter inflorescence, relatively elongate ovaries, much paler epichile with less protruding bosses and absence of a viscidium. It grows in bee...

Platanthera whangshanensis, a forgotten species of the Chinese flora, is described and illustrated. Originally it was described as a member of genus Perularia, and a corresponding new combination is here proposed. In the «Flora of China» this taxon was treated under the name Platanthera tipuloides, which is in turn a species that is absent from the...

Recent molecular phylogenetic studies of the genus Gymnadenia have demonstrated that it contains sibling taxa, i.e., species that are hardly distinguishable according to morphological traits, yet are phylogenetically rather distant and distinctly distinguishable by molecular methods, which is a rare phenomenon for angiosperms. The sequencing of the...

Recent molecular phylogenetic studies of the genus Gymnadenia have demonstrated that it contains sibling taxa, i.e., species that are hardly distinguishable according to morphological traits, yet are phylogenetically rather distant and distinctly distinguishable by molecular methods, which is a rare phenomenon for angiosperms. By sequencing the ITS...

The article outlines 8 new proposed protected areas of Leningrad Region: «Western shore of Ivinsky Razliv Reservoir» (Podporozhye district), «Old-growth forests of the upper course of the Kolp’ River» (Boksitogorsk district), «The Uljanitsa River valley» (Tikhvin district), extension of the «Ur’ja-Kanzhaja» reserve of «Vepssky Forest» regional comp...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Patterns of ploidy variation among and within populations can provide valuable insights into the evolutionary mechanisms shaping the dynamics of plant systems showing ploidy diversity. Whereas data on majority ploidies are, by definition, often sufficiently extensive, much less is known about the incidence and evolutionary role...

New data on the taxonomy and distribution of Platanthera species in China are discussed. Two new species, Platanthera ovatilabris and P. dulongensis, are described and illustrated. Platanthera ophiocephala is recorded for the first time in China (Yunnan). Platanthera dyeriana in the ‘Flora of China’ was misidentified as P. sikkimensis, although P....

The morphology of 38 species of the genus Platanthera s.l. was investigated by means of light and electron microscopy. Particular attention was paid to the structure of gynostemium and pollinaria. The species investigated represent 10 major lineages of the genus, all being recognized as sections or segregate genera in various taxonomical treatments...

A new approach to reveal the dynamics of taxa on incompletely investigated territories was developed. The decline/expansion rate of orchids in the North Western part of European Russia (Leningrad, Novgorod and Pskov Regions, an area approx. 195,000 km2) was estimated using this method. The method is based on comparison of numbers of grid cells wher...

Dactylorhiza × intermedia (Serg.) P. V Kulikov et E. G Philippov, a name proposed for the specimens regarded to be a hybrid between D. incarnata (L.) Soo and D. hebridensis (Wilmott) Aver. and previously misdetermined as D. baltica (Klinge) Nevski in Siberia, falls into the synonymy of D. incarnata. A lectotype of D. intermedia is designated.

The Asiatic orchid species Neolindleya camtschatica (Cham.) Nevski has been omitted from the majority of relevant taxonomic surveys, including the recent Genera Orchidacearum. In most studies where the species has been included, it has been assigned to the species-rich genera Gymnadenia or Platanthera. A few morphologists recognised a new monotypic...

25 new combinations are validly published, which are needed for splitting the genus Platanthera Rich into several smaller genera.

Efimov, P.: Notes on Epipactis condensata, E. rechingeri and E. purpurata (Orchidaceae) in the Caucasus and Crimea. — Willdenowia 38: 71–80. — ISSN 0511-9618; © 2008 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem. doi:10.3372/wi.38.38104 (available via http://dx.doi.org/) The E Mediterranean species Epipactis condensata is reported for the first time from Russia (Krasnodar re...

Seven new species of orchids viz: Calanthe duyana, Dendrobium chapaënse, Epipactis alatus, Gastrodia major, G. punctata, Platanthera epiphytica and Zeuxine bidupensis discovered recently from Vietnam are described with illustrations. Their morphological characters that make them taxonomically distinct from their respective most allied species are h...

Seven new species of orchids viz. : Calanthe duyana, Dendrobium chapaěnse, Epipactis alatus, Gastrodia major, G. punctata, Platanthera epiphytica and Zeuxine bidupensis discovered recently from Vietnam are described with illustrations. Their morphological characters that make them taxonomically distinct from their respective most allied species are...

Аннотация. В статье представлены новые данные о различных видах родов Platanthera и Limnorchis, обитающих в Восточной Азии. В ранг вида возводится Platan- thera singgalangensis, один из наиболее широко распространенных представителей рода Platanthera в тропиках Индокитая и Индонезии. Из России описывается новый гибрид P. × inouei (P. mandarinorum ×...