Periyasamy Panneerselvam

• Principal Scientist (Agricultural Microbiology); Ph.D., ARS, FSASS, FCHAI
• Principal Scientist at Central Rice Research Institute

Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most devastating diseases affecting rice crops. We investigated effectiveness of Streptomyces spp. against M. oryzae. The results revealed that among the Streptomyces spp., Streptomyces caeruleatus strain S14 demonstrated superior effectiveness in inhibiting the mycelial growth of M. oryzae (7...

The pressing need to address environmental challenges offers a significant opportunity to adopt zero-waste technologies, which can facilitate sustainable management across different levels of governance. This review focuses on recent innovative zero-waste technologies and their implementation frameworks for effective application at international, n...

Plant tissue culture plays a pivotal role in modern agriculture, biotechnology, and research. Its implications extend widely to enhance the productivity of medicinal plants by ensuring uniformity in both the quantity and quality of their chemical constituents necessary to meet the demand of traditional medicines, pharmaceuticals, and healthcare. Th...

The goal of sustainable agriculture is to meet the rising need for food, while minimizing adverse impacts on the environment, protecting natural resources, and ensuring agricultural output over the long term. The pressing need to increase agricultural yield through sustainable agriculture is being emphasized. Several Bacillus species have been used...

The Earth's population, currently estimated at 7.86 billion, is expected to rise to 9.8 billion by 2050. This increase will inevitably lead to a greater pressure on agricultural land in order to achieve food security. However, agricultural sustainability is still constrained by its over-reliance on chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides....

Plants establish a specific assembly of soil microbiota around them, hence it’s our duty to synchronize their preference with the latest technology. In this context, a microfluidic based scalable process has been developed for the assembling of the microbiota in such a way that quick symbiotic partnership happens to result in enhanced productivity....

Crop residue management has become more challenging with intensive agricultural operations. Zero tillage and crop residue returns, along with the enhancement of in-situ residue decomposition through microbial intervention, are essential measures for preserving and enhancing soil quality. To address this problem in view of stubble burning, field exp...

Strigolactones (SLs) are an important class of new-generation plant hormones that play a multitude role in various aspects of plant growth, including shoot branching, root architecture, regulation of plant development, signaling, and establishment of mycorrhizal relationships. Recent research has revealed that SLs and their analogs have multifactor...

Paddy straw, an abundant agricultural residue obtained from rice harvesting, poses significant environmental challenges due to its improper management and disposal practices, including the prevalent practice of residue burning. To address these issues, there is a growing need to explore sustainable alternatives for paddy straw decomposition. This s...

Strigolactones (SLs) are a new class of plant hormones that play a significant role in regulating various aspects of plant growth promotion, stress tolerance and influence the rhizospheric microbiome. GR24 is a synthetic SL analog used in scientific research to understand the effects of SL on plants and to act as a plant growth promoter. This study...

Agricultural crop residues include leftover and unmarketable materials, such as crop stover, weeds, leaf litter, sawdust, forest litter, and livestock manure originating from crop cultivation, and post-harvest activities. Such residues are a storehouse of plant nutrients and several other resources and therefore need to be managed in an environment...

Different anthropogenic activities, extensive applications of agrochemicals, and industrialization have signifi- cantly altered natural environmental processes through the generation of solid waste. Based on the sources of ori- gin and chemical behavior, the impact of solid waste on the environment varies. Currently, it is essential to tackle novel...

An improvement in the production of millet is a demand for the human population owing to the nutritional quality of this food. However, exposure to climatic change and different abiotic stresses reduces crop yield. The growth, development, and productivity of millet are influenced by the microbial communities in the rhizosphere. This chapter focuse...

Rice-millet cropping systems have transformative potential in India to address the multifaceted challenges posed by climate change in the agricultural sector. With a focus on sustainability, climate resilience, and enhanced livelihoods, a comprehensive overview of the current state of agriculture in India in the context of climate change has been p...

Nanotechnology has a substantial potential for increasing agricultural output and hence enhancing future food safety through the utilization of green technology. In horticulture, it can be quite difficult to preserve the quality of harvested fruit and vegetables while minimizing deterioration. Nanofertilizers are slow-releasing, and that work very...

Abiotic and biotic stresses decrease the rice productivity; hence, there is an urgent need to develop simple and low-cost microbial tools for management of these stresses. Beneficial microbes present in soil and plant have huge potentials to alleviate the stresses. We characterized few thermo/drought-tolerant microbes (Bacillus sp., Aspergillus ory...

Abiotic and biotic stresses decrease the rice productivity; hence, there is an urgent need to develop simple and low-cost microbial tools for management of these stresses. Beneficial microbes present in soil and plant have huge potentials to alleviate the stresses. We characterized few thermo/drought-tolerant microbes (Bacillus sp., Aspergillus ory...

Manganese (Mn) is essential for plant growth, as it serves as a cofactor for enzymes involved in photosynthesis, antioxidant synthesis, and defense against pathogens. It also plays a role in nutrient uptake, root growth, and soil microbial communities. However, the availability of Mn in the soil can be limited due to factors like soil pH, redox pot...

Book Description: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are considered enormously important in contemporary agriculture and horticulture due to their important role in nutrient, biotic and abiotic stress management apart from enhancing plant health and soil fertility, etc. AMF is one of the important fungi for soil aggregation, which helps in drought...

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most widely consumed staple crop for approximately half of the world’s population. Many interactions occur in paddy soil, particularly in the rice mycorrhizosphere region. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), a symbiosis between plants and members of an ancient phylum of fungi, the Glomeromycota, facilitates host plants to grow...

Advanced technologies are used in modern agriculture to aim for maximum crop yield and increase agricultural output. It faces new challenges in meeting rising food demand, remaining internationally competitive and producing high-quality agricultural products. Seed priming is a physiological and presowing method in which seeds are moderately moisten...

The prominence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in sustainable rice production has long been recognized. However, there is little information about AMF response in aerobic rice cultivation under phosphorus (P) deficient conditions. The aim of this experiment was to compare and determine the preeminent AMF effects on rice mycorrhizal colonizati...

Pulse crop rotation in rice cultivation is a widely accepted agronomic practice. Depending upon the water regime, rice cultivation has been classified into wetland and aerobic practices. However, no studies have been conducted so far to understand the impact of pulse crop rotation and rice mono-cropping on fungal diversity, particularly in aerobic...

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) symbiosis, which may be found in almost all naturalistic habitats, perform activities such as nutrition uptake, stress modulation, growth stimulation, soil structure, and fertility management. AMF easily takes up phosphorus (P) from the soil and transports it to the plants. AMF facilitates host plants to grow vigo...

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) symbiosis, which may be found in almost all naturalistic habitats, perform activities such as nutrition uptake, stress modulation, growth stimulation, soil structure, and fertility management. AMF easily takes up phosphorus (P) from the soil and transports it to the plants. AMF facilitates host plants to grow vigo...

Soil is a treasure of microbes whose diversity and enzymatic activities plays a vital role for maintaining soil fertility, health, structure as well as sustaining crop productivity. We have to increase the food production many folds to feed the growing population, the efforts taken by farmers across the world to increase the food production put str...

Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) are soildwelling, symbiotic microorganisms that help their host plants by improving nutrient uptake, and protect the plant against a wide range of biotic and abiotic stress. Due to their obligatory aerobic nature of metabolism, there is a prevailing opinion that AMF will perform less effectively in waterlogged envi...

For improving crop yield and soil quality in rice based cropping systems, pulse crop rotation has become a generally recognised agronomic practice. There are no long-term studies available on changes of soil microbiome in aerobic rice cultivation, which is an alternative cultivation method to wetland rice cultivation for sustaining rice yield with...

The current review aims to gain knowledge on the biosynthesis and characterization of nanoparticles (NPs), their multifactorial role, and emerging trends of NPs utilization in modern science, particularly in sustainable agriculture, for increased yield to solve the food problem in the coming era. However, it is well known that an environment-friend...

Dear Colleagues, Among the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, there is the promotion of sustainable agriculture, with a sound natural resources management. The sustainable use of soil includes the protection of organic matter contents and microbiota/microbiome, which are essential...

Strigolactones (SLs) are a new generation of carotenoid-derived plant hormones that are produced by plants in extremely low concentrations, which function as signal molecules in rhizosphere and play important role in mycorrhizal symbiosis. In plants, SLs regulate several developmental and different physiological processes like plant growth, abiotic...

Rice is a semi-aquatic crop with a total cultivated area of 45 million hectares from which 70% of the area under cultivation could produce 130 million tonnes of rice grains recorded in the crop year 2021-22 with 21.2 million tonnes of rice export making India one of the largest exporters of rice in the world. The water usage for the production of r...

Bacterial secondary metabolites (B-SMs) are low molecular weight (< 2.5KDa) compounds that are produced by bacteria but are not required for their growth or replication. Instead, they are produced to give the organism a selective advantage. They are produced during the stationary/idio phase of the bacterial growth cycle by the gene clusters usually...

Bioinformatics is inherently an innovative field that is situated at the limit of life and computer sciences that allowed new technological advances in genome sequencing, data processing, predication and simplified the treatment of complex and huge data. This field is related on two common approaches namely; in silico and molecular docking-dynamic...

Strigolactones (SLs) are versatile compounds that have recently been identified as a special generation of plant hormones. They play a significant role as modulators of coordinated plant development in response to nutrient deficiency and defence, particularly by influencing plant root microbiome and mycorrhization. SLs act as signals molecules that...

Induced systemic resistance (ISR) is a mechanism in which certain plant beneficial rhizobacteria (PBR) and fungi produce immunity, which stimulates crop growth and makes it resilient against various phytopathogens, insects, and pest parasites. These beneficial rhizobacteria and fungi improves plant performance by regulating hormone signaling, inclu...

Brown spot disease, caused by Bipolaris oryzae, is one of the several disastrous diseases affecting rice. The brown spot fungus illustrates substantial pathogenic and genetic variability. To the best of our knowledge, extensive analysis utilizing specific SSR primers for B. oryzae genome is quite inadequate for the population structure and genetic...

कृषि अवशेषों को सूक्ष्मजीवाणुओं के मदद से विघटित करने की प्रक्रिया को कम्पोस्टिंग कहते है। इन अपघटित अवशेषों का प्रयोग मिट्टी की गुणवत्ता को सुधारने में तथा पौधों के लिये पोषक तत्वों की उपलब्धता को बढाने मेंकिया जाता है। इसका प्रयोग नये पौधों को लगाने में प्रयुक्त होने वाले आधारभूत पदार्थ में भी किया जाता है। इसके निरंतर प्रयोग करने से न के वल फसल...

In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of Bacillus strains for plant growth promotional activities under in vitro and in vivo conditions. The results indicated that Bacillus megaterium BS11 was superior in enhancing the plant growth and yield of rice plants compared to other Bacillus strains. Currently, there is no information available on the mo...

Despite the economic and ecological impact of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens infestation associated with rice cultivation in India, studies on its genetic structure are lacking. Hence, the present study was conducted to assess the genetic variability of N. lugens in India. The study evaluated the diversity in N. lugens populations using...

Brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, is the major pest of rice in India and causes significant yield loss. It causes damage by sucking the plant sap leading to a characteristic symptom called ‘hopper burn’. The present study was undertaken to assess the genetic variability of N. lugens populations from different rice ecologies in India, to compre...

One of the major challenges in Asian countries is the effective management of rice straw. These countries grow more rice, and hence, more straw, to ensure food security for their ever-growing population. The unfortunate instances of burning rice straw are detrimental to environmental as well as human health. Rice straw, if managed effectively, has...

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) plant growth and development are increasingly intimidating because of several pathogens attack. Various microorganisms live in different parts of a plant, which cause harm, neutrality, or benefits to plant health. Some inhabitants of plants can control plant diseases by contesting, predating, or antagonizing them with plant p...

Hyperlipidemia is a common condition among today's generation. Only a few medicines are available for treatment, but they pose a risk if used for an extended period of time. As a result, the objective of this study is to find a potential HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor in a natural traditional plant, Schleichera oleosa. The extract was prepared through...

Dear Friends, Colleagues, Researchers and Professors, As a Guest Editor for JoVE, I am organizing a Methods Collection titled “Methods and Protocols for Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Research and Beneficial Utilization of Rhizomicrobes in Sustainable Agriculture”. https://www.jove.com/methods-collections/2001 Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoV...

The purpose of this work was to incorporate superporus hydrogels for cefditoren pivoxil by using polymer like poly acrylic acid aqua cc polymer and composite agent like cross linked sodium carboxy methyl cellulose in the presence of N,N-methylene-bis-Acrylamide as crosslinking agent. Pluronic F-127 as a stabilizer and ammonium per sulfate and tetra...

Conversion of mangrove vegetation into rice cultivation is considerably enhanced nowadays which adversely affects ecological sustainability. Soil microbial community is one of the key indicators to monitor soil health in mangroves. Studies on the variations in the microbial community within mangroves are plenty, whereas reports in mangrove-converte...

Sheath blight of rice is a destructive disease that could be calamitous to rice cultivation. The significant objective of this study is to contemplate the proteomic analysis of the high virulent and less virulent isolate of Rhizoctonia solani using a quantitative LC-MS/MS-based proteomic approach to identify the differentially expressed proteins pr...

Traditional rice landraces are treasures for novel genes to develop climate-resilient cultivars. Seed viability and germination determine rice productivity under moisture stress. The present study evaluated 100 rice genotypes, including 85 traditional landraces and 15 improved cultivars from various agro-ecological zones of Tamil Nadu, along with m...

We studied variation in adaptive traits and genetic association to understand the low P responses, including the symbiotic association of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal colonization in Oryza species ( O. sativa , O. nivara, and O. rufipogon ). In the present experiment, we performed the phenotypic variability of the morphometric and geometric t...

Agricultural areas of land are deteriorating every day owing to population increase, rapid urbanization, and industrialization. To feed today’s huge populations, increased crop production is required from smaller areas, which warrants the continuous application of high doses of inorganic fertilizers to agricultural land. These cause damage to soil...

Out of the huge quantity of agricultural wastes produced globally, rice straw is one of the most abundant ligno-cellulosic waste. For efficient utilization of these wastes, several cost-effective biological processes are available. The practice of field level in-situ or ex-situ decomposition of rice straw is having less degree of adoption due to it...

We hypothesized that lignin decomposition microbial consortium would make rice-straw decomposition faster as straw contain around 15–24% lignin. In this study, we isolated aerobic lignin degrading microbes from four natural sources and based on their ability towards lignin degradation four microbial strains and their combination (2 bacteria (LB 8,...

Human health and natural habitats are endangered by soil contaminants. Soil microorganisms, which are free-living and symbiotic in the rhizosphere and also grow on polluted soils, can enhance plant biomass while also supporting the phytoremediation process. Soil pollutions such as heavy metals, plastic, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides...

Arsenic (As) is a potentially toxic metalloid classified as a group 1 carcinogen, released in the soil environment because of natural as well as different anthropogenic activities. The presence of excess As content in soil and irrigation water enhances the As accumulation in rice grains. Millions of people who consume these contaminated grains are...

Traditional agricultural practices exclusively based on the synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. Although chemicals show promising results in crop management, there are several major issues concerning pesticide residues, human health predicaments and environmental pollution. To minimize these effects, an alternative approaches are highly essential...

To prevent weed invasion in direct seeded rice cultivation, several new generation post emergence herbicides viz. bispyribac sodium, flucetosulfuron, ethoxysulfuron, fenoxaprop-p ethyl, penoxsulam, fenoxaprop-p-ethyl plus ethoxysulfuron and cyhalofop-butyl plus penoxsulam are widely used in sub-tropical rice ecosystems of Eastern India. The main ob...

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are the most common symbiotic relationship between crop plants and occur in the majority of natural habitats, providing a variety of important ecological services such as mobilizing phosphorus (P) and other important nutrients like N, K, Fe, Cu, Zn etc. to plants, promoting plant growth, improving soil structure,...

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and its role in sustainable rice production has been well recognized, but there is very little information about their application and utility in aerobic and flooded rice cultivation. Recent findings indicated in many crops that the AMF association can be improved by altering the hormonal secretion particularly st...

Advanced technologies are commonly used in modern agriculture to break the yield barriers and increase crop productivity. Seeds treated with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are an effective bio-priming method to introduce beneficial microbial inocula into the rhizosphere or soil. Bio-priming is a type of seed treatment that employs biol...

This study addresses the plant beneficial enterobacteria present in rice rhizosphere and their efficiency for enhancing nitrogen uptake in rice plant. Using culturable approaches, the population of total diazotrophs present in rhizosphere samples collected from different organic rice fields of Sikkim were studied and recorded in the range between 4...

It has been released and noti ied by the Central subcommittee on 'Crop Standards, Noti ication and Release of Varieties for Agricultural crops' in 2021 for irrigated areas of Bihar, West Bengal, Uttarakhand and Haryana under early duration. It is suitable for cultivation in irrigated medium lands. It has a semi-dwarf plant type with long panicles a...

Stress mitigation strategies present in plants alleviate stress caused by biotic and abiotic factors. In the current era, multi-omics approaches involving genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics have expanded the horizon of molecular events participating in response to environmental and edaphic mediated stresses. The vigilant amalga...

Technical Bulletin on Rice Fish Duck Integrated Farming System for Enhancing Farm Productivity

Technical bulletin on Crop-Livestock-Agroforestry based integrated farming system for higher productivity in lowland rice ecologies

Supplementary Table: Potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID 19) proteases PLpro and Mpro/ 3CLpro: molecular docking and simulation studies of three pertinent medicinal plant natural components

Supplementary Figure 1. Supplementary data A(1): Potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID 19) proteases PLpro and Mpro/ 3CLpro: molecular docking and simulation studies of three pertinent medicinal plant natural components

Crops are affected by various types of abiotic stress, resulting in a decrease in agricultural productivity thereby challenging food-security issues. Among the different types of abiotic stresses, the temperature has been regarded as a major one followed by salt and drought stress. The increasing temperature causes an alteration in the period of gr...

The rapid spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) - coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has raised a severe global public health issue and creates a pandemic situation. The present work aims to study the molecular -docking and dynamic of three pertinent medicinal plants i.e. Eurycoma harmandiana, Sophora flavescens an...

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plant symbiosis is the old, fascinating and beneficial relation that exist on earth for the plants. In this review, we have elaborated that the strigolactones (SLs) are released from the roots and function with root parasite, seeds and symbiotic AMF as contact chemicals. They are transported through the xylem...

Purpose: Chicken feather protein hydrolysate (CFPH) has drawn a significant attention as a component/type of biofertilizer in recent years, because of the beneficial impact on the growth of the plant. The current study aims to evaluate the potential influence of the combination of CFPH with vermicompost (VC) on growth-promotion and yield improveme...

Understanding the effect of elevated atmospheric CO2 on nitrous oxide (N2O) emission and plant-microbe interactions in rice soils is of great significance for predicting the long-term response of rice ecosystems to elevated CO2 concentration. Elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration has the potential to augment rice production and alter the soil nitr...

Phosphorus (P) is a major limiting factor for plant growth. Long-term organic fertilization increases P availability by improving soil microbial and chemical properties. To study this, rice was grown under different treatments, namely, control, farmyard manure (FYM), green manure (GM), FYM + GM (1:1) (FYGM), FYM + Azolla (1:1) (FYAZ), rice straw (5...

Rice is a crop of primary importance in regions, where two-thirds of the world’s starving population reside. Recent climate change projections anticipate spatial shift in precipitation pattern and increase of flooding events that may have negative effects on rice yield and economic returns. Efforts for increasing rice production in areas prone to s...

Compared to pharmaceutical drugs, herbal medications have known to be more affordable and better for the treatment of many diseases but are less effective and not targeted. Therefore, the use of innovative drug delivery devices to distribute herbal drugs is very helpful in enhancing their release, potency and operation. Lycopene was introduced into...

The active ingredient, called piperine, is present in black pepper. The ions are very small so they are easily consumed by the tissue and nervous system, causing the chemical release within the brain. Piperine has been shown to help ease gastrointestinal ailments, help with vomiting, and has the ability to help with inflammation of the body. This e...

Gingkolide is an antiseizure medicine used as an adjuvant of partial seizures and GAD to relieve neuropathic pain. It binds to the very high affinity alpha delta site in the CNS. Although the drug's mechanism remains unclear, in genetically engineered mice and other anticonvulsive models, findings showed that it binds to alpha receptors. A rapid ri...

: This study assessed the potential of Bacillus endophyticus PB3, Bacillus altitudinis PB46, and Bacillus megaterium PB50 to induce drought tolerance in a susceptible rice cultivar. The leaves of the potted rice plants subjected to physical drought stress for 10 days during the flowering stage were inoculated with single-strain suspensions. Control...

The growth of Actinobacteria was evaluated in a new modified nutrient agar media (MNA) supplemented with 1% sodium chloride (NaCl) and compared with the universally accepted media which are under regu�lar use. Thirteen different Actinobacterial isolates were evaluated for their growth in both solid and liq�uid media in MNA along with four regularl...

Open field rice strawburning causes air pollution, GHGs emission (7300 kg CO2-equivalent per hectare), soil nutrient and biodiversity losses and human health hazards. Huge amount (731 million tons (MT)) of rice straw is produced globally in which India contributed around 126.6 MT, and 60% of them are burnt on the field. Once a wealth, the straw now...

Pesticide leaching and soil contamination are major issues in the present agriculture formulations. Hence, here 2D graphene oxide in combination with cationic, anionic, or nonionic polymers were tested for runoff resistance and targeted release behavior. Cationic polymer supplemented the binding of rGO on leaf surface by 30% more than control and r...

An investigation was undertaken to study the response of soil microbes, soil enzymes and yield of wet direct sown rice on application of different herbicide mixtures for controlling weeds. The treatments consisted of nine different combinations of herbicides involving azimsulfuron, bispyribac sodium, flucetosulfuron, penoxsulam, cyhalofop-butyl, fe...