Penelope A Lynch

Penelope A Lynch
  • PhD
  • Research Associate at University of Exeter

About

24
Publications
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893
Citations
Current institution
University of Exeter
Current position
  • Research Associate

Publications

Publications (24)
Article
Full-text available
The rate of malaria transmission is strongly determined by parasite development time in the mosquito, known as the extrinsic incubation period (EIP), since the quicker parasites develop, the greater the chance that the vector will survive long enough for the parasite to complete development and be transmitted. EIP is known to be temperature-depende...
Preprint
Full-text available
The rate of malaria transmission is strongly determined by parasite development time in the mosquito, known as the extrinsic incubation period (EIP), since the quicker parasites develop, the greater the chance that the vector will survive long enough for the parasite to complete development and be transmitted. EIP is known to be temperature depende...
Article
Full-text available
The time it takes for malaria parasites to develop within a mosquito, and become transmissible, is known as the extrinsic incubation period, or EIP. EIP is a key parameter influencing transmission intensity as it combines with mosquito mortality rate and competence to determine the number of mosquitoes that ultimately become infectious. In spite of...
Article
Full-text available
In spite of widespread insecticide resistance in vector mosquitoes throughout Africa, there is limited evidence that long lasting insecticidal bed nets (LLINs) are failing to protect against malaria. Here, we showed that LLIN contact in the course of host-seeking resulted in higher mortality of resistant Anopheles spp. mosquitoes than predicted fro...
Article
Full-text available
Countries in the Asia Pacific region aim to eliminate malaria by 2030. A cornerstone of malaria elimination is the effective management of Anopheles mosquito vectors. Current control tools such as insecticide treated nets or indoor residual sprays target mosquitoes in human dwellings. We find in a high transmission region in India, malaria vector p...
Article
Full-text available
ELife digest Many of the mosquito species that transmit malaria have evolved to bite humans indoors at night, and therefore health programs target them using insecticides sprayed on surfaces inside people’s homes. This strategy, however, stops working when mosquito populations evolve to resist the insecticide used, either because they are immune to...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Novel interventions for malaria control are necessary in the face of problems such as increasing insecticide resistance and residual malaria transmission. One way to assess performance prior to deployment in the field is through mathematical modelling. Modelled here are a range of potential outcomes for eave tubes, a novel mosquito con...
Article
Full-text available
Background A variety of studies have reported that malaria parasites alter the behaviour of mosquitoes. These behavioural alterations likely increase transmission because they reduce the risk of vector death during parasite development and increase biting after parasites become infectious. Methods A mathematical model is used to investigate the po...
Article
Full-text available
Background Chemical insecticides against adult mosquitoes are a key element in most malaria management programmes, but their efficacy is threatened by the evolution of insecticide-resistant mosquitoes. By killing only older mosquitoes, entomopathogenic fungi can in principle significantly impact parasite transmission while imposing much less select...
Data
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Appendix A. Derivation of the feeding cycle model. Detailed description of variables and calculations used in the feeding cycle model.
Data
Full-text available
Appendix B. Derivation of the population model. Detailed description of variables and calculations used in the population model.
Article
Full-text available
Malaria parasites have been suggested to alter the behavior of mosquito vectors to increase the likelihood of transmission. Some empirical evidence supports this hypothesis, yet the role of manipulation is ignored in most epidemiological models, and behavioral differences between infected and uninfected females are not considered in the development...
Article
Full-text available
As many strategies to control malaria use insecticides against adult mosquitoes, control is undermined by the continual evolution of resistant mosquitoes. Here we suggest that using alternative insecticides, or conventional insecticides in alternative ways might enable effective control, but delay considerably or prevent the evolution of resistance...
Article
Full-text available
Insecticides are one of the cheapest, most effective, and best proven methods of controlling malaria, but mosquitoes can rapidly evolve resistance. Such evolution, first seen in the 1950s in areas of widespread DDT use, is a major challenge because attempts to comprehensively control and even eliminate malaria rely heavily on indoor house spraying...
Data
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Mathematical Details of the Feeding Cycle Model (19 KB PDF).
Data
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Variables and Parameters of the Population Genetics Model (19 KB PDF).
Data
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Additional Discussion of Assumptions (24 KB PDF).
Data
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Variables and Parameters of the Feeding Cycle Model (24 KB PDF).
Data
Full-text available
Mathematical Details of the Population Genetics Model (19 KB PDF).
Data
Full-text available
The Equivalence of Time-Dependent and Age-Dependent Insecticides (10 KB PDF).
Article
Full-text available
Infection caused by parasitic nematodes of humans and livestock can have significant health and economic costs. Treatments aimed at alleviating these costs, such as chemotherapy and vaccination, alter parasite survival and reproduction, the main selective pressures shaping life-history traits such as age to maturity, size and fecundity. Most author...

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