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Publications
Publications (22)
Biodegradation of different tall oil soaps was studied in order to examine the behaviour of these bioproducts in natural environments and to study their biodegradation rates. The rates of biodegradation were studied by modelling the biodegradation phenomenon as a pseudo-first-order reaction. Biodegradation was studied in seven different environment...
Purpose
The aim of this study is to determine the variation of the different oil analysis instruments in terms of standard deviation and CV‐values, when measuring samples of fully formulated hydraulic and gear oils taken from working systems.
Design/methodology/approach
In this investigation, two different spectrometric techniques, inductively cou...
Purpose
The aim of this study is to determine the variation of the different oil analysis instruments in terms of standard deviation and CV‐values, when measuring samples of fully formulated hydraulic and gear oils taken from working systems.
Design/methodology/approach
In this investigation two different spectrometric techniques, ICP‐OES and RDE‐...
This article is a literature review of current trends in industrial oil analysis. The most significant off-line (laboratory) oil analysis techniques, ie wear metal analysis, solid debris analysis and additive analysis, are presented with some application remarks. Because more real-time data is continuously required in industry to support maintenanc...
This article describes an experimental study, in which a machine vision technology based sensor prototype for on-line solid debris analysis on oils is applied to condition monitoring measurements in an industrial application. Real-time analysis of solid particles in oil is useful in many preventive condition monitoring operations. The study consist...
This article gathers together the most recent articles of adjustable tuned vibration absorbers. The tuned vibration absorber was invented over 100 years ago, and its adjustability is also already well-known. However, concentration of this review was only on articles published since the year 2000 in peer reviewed journals, except from certain elemen...
The theory of controlling adjustable tuned vibration absorbers (incl. the adjustable Helmholtz resonator) is reviewed. The theory review is completed with analytical models containing a two-degrees-of-freedom spring-mass model in which the spring constant between the primary system and the vibration absorber is controlled. The main focus of this pa...
Pressure wave velocity in a hydraulic system was determined using piezo pressure sensors without removing fluid from the system. The measurements were carried out in a low pressure range (0.2 - 6 bar) and the results were compared with the results of other studies. This method is not as accurate as measurement with separate measurement equipment, b...
This article describes a case-study related to on-line condition monitoring measurements in process industry. A platform for on-line, real-time and remotely operated condition monitoring has been developed. The system consists of an open source based embedded and cost effective DSP computing platform, a machine vision sensor for solid debris analys...
This article concentrates on reviewing the literature related with wear metal analysis of oils. An overview on the existence of metals in oils and typical wearing situations is discussed briefly. Different pre-treatment methods of oil samples before wear metal analysis are presented with application remarks. Common measurement techniques of wear me...
Cavitation causes excessive pressure pulsations, which damage the surfaces of the runner and channels of a turbine. As a result, the overall operating efficiency of the water turbine decreases and repair costs increase. Traditionally, there have been efforts to detect cavitation using vibration, pressure and acoustic emission measurements. For inst...
Several intelligent cavitation indicators obtained from vibration measurements have been compared in a Kaplan turbine. The indicators are based on the nonlinear scaling of features: one of the features is rms value and the other is either kurtosis or peak value. Indicators obtained from acceleration x(2) and higher derivatives x(3) and x(4) were te...
The biodegradability of certain biofuels was studied in the case of forest soils using the manometric respirometric technique, which was proved to be very suitable for untreated, fertilized as well as pH adjusted soils. Experiments carried out in infertile sandy forest soil gave a BOD/ThOD value of 45.1% for a typical model substance, that is, sodi...
The aim was to develop an on-line monitoring system for the main hoisting machinery of a charging crane used in a continuous casting process at Ruukki Production Raahe Steel Works. This was due to be done during the renewal of the crane condition monitoring system. In addition, a wireless system was required for transferring condition monitoring da...
There has been fairly little research into the condition monitoring of worm gears, although gears of this type have been attached to critical machines in various fields of industry and significant production losses may arise from their breakdowns. Literature has been published on the designing of worm gears but information is rarely provided on fau...
The suitability of the respirometric BOD OxiTop method for biodegradation studies of different oils in soil was assessed. Different forestry chain oils and wood-preservative oils were used as model substances. Experiments were carried out on different types of Finnish forest soils. The results of these experiments are in good agreement with our ear...
Certain wear metals (Fe, Cr, Ni, Cu and Zn) of various lubrication oils were determined by means of ICP-OES and FAAS. The kerosene dilution method, which is used widely together with ICP-OES, was applied with both methods here. Calibration standards were made from a commercial organo-metallic standard. Our aim was to clarify the possibility of usin...
A new infrared spectroscopic method suitable for determining total fatty alcohol and fatty acid ester concentrations in industrial oils has been developed. Oil samples were diluted with toluene (1:3 w/w), the toxicity and volatility of which are relatively low compared with more commonly used IR solvents, like carbon tetrachloride or carbon disulfi...
This study focuses on the biodegradability measurements of tall oil-based wood preservatives and their raw materials in groundwater as determined by the respirometric BOD OxiTop method. Certain substances were also analyzed in standard conditions described by OECD 301 F. Results show that creosote oil, a traditional wood preservative, does not biod...
The respirometric BOD OxiTop method was used to monitor the biodegradation of different chain oils (mineral, rapeseed and tall oils) over 28 days in groundwater, as well as in standard conditions described by OECD 301 F. The aim of the study was to gather more information about the biodegradability of forestry oils in groundwater, as well as about...
Different forestry hydraulic oils were used as model compounds for evaluating the applicability of the respirometric BOD Oxitop method in following the progress of biodegradation of oils in ground water. It is obvious that the biodegradability values of substances depend on the measurement medium used. In this study the same ground water was used i...