Peiyi Lu

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Verified

Peiyi verified their affiliation via an institutional email.

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• Doctor of Philosophy
• Assistant Professor at The University of Hong Kong

Background Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) has developed rapidly and been increasingly used in scholarly publishing, so it is urgent to examine guidelines for its usage. This cross-sectional study aims to examine the coverage and type of recommendations of GAI usage guidelines among medical journals and how these factors relate to journal...

Guided by the lifecourse perspective and social determinants of health framework, this study examined the association of childhood housing with old age health among Chinese and its midlife mediators. Respondents were middle-aged and older adults (aged 45+) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study ( N = 12,842). They were asked about...

The well-being of care recipients (CR) and informal caregivers (CG) is intricately interconnected. However, research on sleep concordance among caregiving dyads is scarce. Leveraging longitudinal dyadic data and a cross-lagged panel design, this study aims to investigate whether: 1) sleep patterns are concordant among caregiving dyads over time; an...

Housing insecurity is linked to worse health. However, very few studies examined this relationship from a lifecourse perspective and its underlying mechanisms. This study examined the association of childhood housing with old age health among Chinese and whether adulthood socioeconomic and medical history mediated that relationship. Respondents wer...

Many middle-aged and older adults relocate to pursue a better living environment. However, existing studies have inconclusive evidence on the determinants of relocation and its health implications, as well as lack a cross-national perspective. This study sought to compare the US and China in examining the determinants of residential relocation and...

Using cross-sectional data from the United States, England, China, and India, we examined the relationship between education and frequent pain, alongside the modification role of gender in this relationship. We further examined patterns of 3 pain dimensions among participants who reported frequent pain, including pain severity, interference with da...

Objectives This study compared the United States and China in examining the predictors of community-based residential relocation and its associated mortality risk. Methods Data from the 2010 to 2018 US Health and Retirement Study and from 2011 to 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were used (N US = 20,292 and N China = 11,694). Co...

Background and objectives: The nature of associations between depressive symptoms and cognition early in the life course remains unclear, and racial differences in these associations are not well characterized. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between trajectories of depressive symptom over 20 years, beginning in young adultho...

This study investigates the interdependence of dietary knowledge and preference and potential rural-urban differences among middle-aged and older Chinese couples. Couple-level data from the 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey were included (N = 2933). Structural Equation Model examined the actor and partner effects of dietary knowledge on dietar...

Polysocial risk scores were recently proposed as a strategy to improve clinical relevance of knowledge about social determinants of health. The objective of this paper was to assess if the polysocial risk score model improves prediction of cognition and all-cause mortality in middle-aged and older adults beyond simpler models including a smaller se...

Background and Objectives Cultural differences in intergenerational relationships have been well established in prior research. However, cross-national comparison evidence on the parent–child relationship and its health implications remains limited. Research Design and Methods Data from the 2014 U.S. Health and Retirement Study and the 2015 Health...

Background A thorough and in-depth examination of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) usage guidelines in medical journals will inform potential gaps and promote proper GAI usage in scholarly publishing. This study aims to examine the provision and specificity of GAI usage guidelines and their relationships with journal characteristics. Method...

The study compared care source typologies for older adults in China and the United States. Data from the 2014 U.S. Health and Retirement Study and the 2013 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were used. The respondents included community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years or older with at least one limitation in activities of daily livi...

This study characterizes the employment history of older Chinese men and women and examines the associations between employment trajectories and late-life cognition. Individuals aged 60+ in the 2011 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were included (2,733 men and 2,363 women). Multiple waves of surveys were conducted to assess their cogn...

Background Health concordance within couples presents a promising opportunity to design interventions for disease management, including hypertension. We compared the concordance of prevalent hypertension within middle‐aged and older heterosexual couples in the United States, England, China, and India. Methods and Results Cross‐sectional dyadic dat...

Growing evidence suggests that engaging in cognitively stimulating activities across the lifecourse is associated with improved health. However, very few studies have evaluated the benefits of late life learning (LLL), especially in the low- and middle-income country setting. We designed a prospective cohort study to evaluate whether LLL is associa...

Background We investigated typologies of source of care for older adults in China and the United States and applied Anderson Health Behavior model to examine associated significant determinants. Methods Cross-sectional data from 2014 Health and Retirement Study and 2013 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were used. We included older re...

Background Housing insecurity has been shown to be associated with worse mental health. However, previous studies mostly examined one dimension of housing insecurity (e.g., affordability) and few focused on older adults. This study examined the relationship of perceived housing problems with depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older Americans...

Background Using a dyadic approach, this study examined the mediating effect of depressive symptoms on the longitudinal relationships between husbands’ and wives’ memory trajectories and their prospective disability status. Method: Longitudinal data from Health and Retirement Study 2004-2018 were used. Older (aged 50+) heterosexual couples married...

Objective Using a dyadic approach, this study examined the mediating effect of depressive symptoms on the longitudinal relationships between husbands’ and wives’ memory trajectories and their prospective disability status. Methods Longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study 2004–2018 were used. Older (aged 50+) heterosexual couples who...

Objectives We sought to identify trajectories of patient-reported outcomes, specifically physical well-being of the chest (PWBC), in patients who underwent postmastectomy breast reconstruction, and further assessed its significant predictors, and its relationship with health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Methods We used data collected as part o...

Importance: Food insecurity is a leading public health issue in the US. Research on food insecurity and cognitive aging is scarce, and is mostly cross-sectional. Food insecurity status and cognition both can change over the life course, but their longitudinal relationship remains unexplored. Objective: To examine the longitudinal association bet...

Background Little research has investigated the long‐term relationship between low wages and memory decline, despite the growing share of low‐wage workers in the US labor market. We examined whether cumulative exposure to low wages over 12 years in midlife is associated with memory decline in later life. Method We used 1992‐2016 data from the Heal...

Background Studies on the health effect of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) on the cognitive health of older adults are scarce. In this study, we examined the associations of SNAP use and memory function trajectories among US older adults. Method Our sample included 3,555 SNAP‐eligible participants (aged 50+) from the 1996 Health a...

Objectives: This study examined the long-term impact of spouse caregiving on insomnia symptoms, compared to propensity-score matched non-caregivers. Methods: Health and Retirement Study data between 2006 and 2018 were used. Caregivers (n = 403) were respondents (aged 50+) who assisted their heterosexual spouses in performing (instrumental) activ...

Objectives This study examined whether trajectories of depressive symptoms of one spouse are associated with the other spouse’s memory. Methods Longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study (2004–2016) were used (N = 5690 heterosexual couples). Latent-class growth analysis and structural equation models examined the actor and partner effe...

Importance Earning a low wage is an increasingly recognized public health concern, yet little research exists on the long-term health consequences of sustained low-wage earning. Objective To examine the association of sustained low-wage earning and mortality in a sample of workers with hourly wage reported biennially during peak midlife earning ye...

Objectives: Studies on the interdependence of couples' health behaviors and subsequent cognitive outcomes remain limited. Methods: Longitudinal data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011-2018) were used (N = 1869 heterosexual couples). Latent class analysis identified the dyadic pattern of health behaviors in 2011 (i.e., alc...

Background: This study aimed to investigate the association of change in food insecurity over time with cognitive function in midlife, and whether depressive symptoms mediated that relationship. Methods: We used longitudinal data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Change in food insecurity in 2000-2005 was...

Introduction: Black Americans encounter more barriers in the job market and earn less than White Americans. However, the extent to which racial disparities in employment and poverty histories impact health is not fully understood. This study characterized employment‒poverty histories for Black and White middle-aged adults and examined their associ...

Background This study investigates types of parent-child relationships and associated health outcomes among older adults of U.S. and China. Method: Cross-sectional data from Health and Retirement Study in the U.S. and Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in China were used (N_(U.S.)=3918, N_China=4058). Relationship indicators included co-resid...

Food insecurity has been indicated to associate with more depressive symptoms. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is an established anti-poverty government program that targets food insecurity. The goal of this study was to assess whether SNAP generosity, defined at the state level, impacts the relationship of food insecurity and depr...

Background Studies have suggested older spouse caregivers experience burden-related adverse health outcomes compared to non-caregivers. However, potential causal inferences remain unclear. This study examined the effect of caregiving on insomnia symptoms of spouse caregivers over time, compared to non-caregiver samples matched by propensity score (...

Despite the well-documented health interdependence in the spousal context, empirical evidence on how psychological wellbeing of one’s partner might affect one’s cognitive function remains limited. Using dyadic data, the objective of this study is to examine trajectories of depressive symptoms and associated cognitive function outcomes among U.S. ol...

Objectives This study examines how nativity, dementia classification, and age of migration (AOM) of older Foreign-Born (FB) adults are associated with caregiver psychological well-being and care burden. Methods We used linked data from Round 1 and Round 5 of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) and Round 5 of the National Study of Ca...

Background and Objectives Studies on the effect of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) on the cognitive health of older adults are scarce. We sought to examine the associations between SNAP use and memory decline among SNAP-eligible US older adults. Methods Participants aged 50+ and SNAP-eligible in 1996 from the Health and Retire...

Objectives: Growing evidence suggests that religiosity is an important social determinant of health, including cognitive health. Yet most prior work focused on older adults or was conducted in racially and denominationally homogeneous regional samples. This study investigates the association of religious service attendance in midlife with cognitiv...

Little research has investigated the long-term relationship between low wages and memory decline, despite the growing share of low-wage workers in the US labor market. Here, we examine whether cumulative exposure to low wages over 12 years in midlife is associated with memory decline in later life. Using 1992-2016 data from the Health and Retiremen...

Food insecurity and mental disorders are pressing public health issues during COVID-19. Empirical evidence on the extent to which food insecurity affects mental health outcomes of American adults as the pandemic unfolds remains limited. Longitudinal data from the Understanding Coronavirus in America survey collected biweekly between April and Decem...

(1) Background: Low-income rural residents in China are disadvantaged due to their financial vulnerability and insufficient access to resources, and this situation demands more research effort. This study examined the pattern of outpatient service satisfaction and its determinants among low-income adults in rural China. (2) Methods: Rural low-incom...

Background: Contact-based intervention has been documented and proved effective on reducing stigma of mental illness in high-income countries, but it is still unclear about the effectiveness of the contact-based intervention among family caregivers of persons with schizophrenia (FCPWS) in low- and middle-income countries including rural China. Meth...

Imputation or likelihood-based approaches to handle missing data assume the data are missing completely at random (MCAR) or missing at random (MAR). However, little research has examined the missingness pattern before using these imputation/likelihood methods. Three missingness mechanisms – MCAR, MAR, and not missing at random (NMAR) – can be teste...

This study compared the associations of child–parent relationships with older adults’ multidimensional health in the United States and China. Two waves of data from the US Health and Retirement Study and its sister study in China (2012–2015) were used (2174 non-Hispanic [NH] White Americans and 4467 Chinese). Linear regression models were conducted...

Guided by an intersectionality framework, this study examined intersectional discrimination attributions and their associations with health outcomes. Older respondents (aged ≥50) from the Health and Retirement Study in 2014-2015 were included ( N = 6286). Their reasons for discrimination (age, gender, sexual orientation, race, national origin, reli...

Western culture emphasizes independence in the child-parent relationship while Chinese culture values interdependence between adult children and older parents. This study compared the association of child-parent relationships with older adults’ multidimensional health over time in the U.S. and China. Two waves of data (2012-2015) from HRS and CHARL...

The extent to which food insecurity impacts changes in mental health outcomes over time in the context of Covid-19 remains unknown. Using longitudinal data from a nationally representative survey, the objectives of the present study were to: (1) assess the prevalence of food insecurity among U.S. adults amid the Covid-19 pandemic; and (2) investiga...

Despite substantial evidence on the relationship between food insecurity and worse cognition, few studies have examined the underlying mechanisms. This study examined whether and to what extent depression mediated the casual effect of food insecurity on cognition in midlife. Longitudinal data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adult...

Discrimination has been more prevalent since the pandemic. Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement flourished in the summer of 2020 as protests against police brutality and racial injustice. However, the extent to which individuals’ discrimination experiences and associated mental health outcomes change amid a global pandemic and a dramatic societal move...

This study examined the gap between need and provision of community services in China and its association with older adults' life satisfaction over time. Longitudinal data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey from 2008 to 2014 were used (3 waves, N = 16,199). Respondents reported if they needed nine types of community service and...

Objectives: This study investigated the predictors of risk perception and its effect on older adults’ preventive behavior and/or medical care avoidance during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Older respondents (age >50 years) from the MIT COVID-19 Preventive Health Survey reported their social distancing, hand washing, mask wearing, and medical care...

Objective: Dyadic perspective is scarce in existing advance directive (AD) literature. Particularly, the significance of one's own and/or one's partner's cognitive function on AD remains unknown. This study investigates the relationship of cognitive function and other factors with AD completion within the spousal context. Methods: Data from the...

Background: Using a nationally representative sample of U.S. older adults (50+), this study investigates gender-based depression trajectories following heart disease onset and associated risk of disability and mortality over an 8-year period. Method: Six waves of longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study (2006-2016) were used (n = 1...

The number of older adults who migrate due to family reasons has been increasing rapidly in China in the past decade. However, few empirical studies have focused on this group. This study focused on them and explored the association of intergenerational solidarity with older migrants’ life satisfaction when they were adapting to the new environment...

Background: This study applied the Andersen Model of Health Care Utilization to explore the variables associated with health service use among Chinese adults living in rural low-income households. Method: A survey of 2,429 adults living in 787 low-income households in Jiangsu, China was conducted. Respondents were asked the presence of outpatient s...

Numerous studies have examined racial/ethnic- or gender-based disparities in health. However, few examined health outcomes based on a combination of individuals’ race, ethnicity, and gender. Guided by an intersectionality framework, this study explores racial/ethnic/gender-based differences in older adults’ health trajectories over a ten-year perio...

Discrimination has been consistently documented to relate to adverse health outcomes. However, most existing research focused on a single discrimination attribution (e.g. ageism). Few studies considered multifaceted discrimination attributions. Guided by an intersectionality framework, this study examined intersectional discrimination attributions...

Studies using data from longitudinal health survey of older adults usually assumed the data were missing completely at random (MCAR) or missing at random (MAR). Thus subsequent analyses used multiple imputation or likelihood-based method to handle missing data. However, little existing research actually examines whether the data met the MCAR/MAR as...

Studies have indicated government transfers greatly alleviate poverty among older Americans. Yet recent social policy changes were suggested to increase older Americans’ fiscal insecurity. New evidence is needed to expand the evaluation of government transfers. Longitudinal Health and Retirement Study data from 2002 to 2014 were used. We computed i...

This study re‐examined the poverty cycle among American middle‐aged (45~64) and older (≥65) adults using contemporary data and has expanded the understanding of sociodemographic differences in the poverty cycle. Longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study (2002–2014) were used. Life tables examined age‐specific and cumulative percentages...

This study applied the theory of planned behavior to examine predictors of U.S. older adults’ (65+ years) intention and behavior of moving to a nursing home. Two waves of Health and Retirement Study data were used ( N = 9,969). Moving intention was measured by respondents’ self-reported probability to move in the next 5 years in Wave 1. Moving beha...

This study applied the Andersen Model of Health Care Utilization to explore the variables associated with health service use among Chinese adults living in rural low-income households. A survey of 2,429 adults living in 787 low-income households in Jiangsu, China was conducted in 2017. Respondents were asked the presence of outpatient service in th...

This study examined the relationship of kinship bereavement with the psychological well-being of Chinese American older women and men. Data from the Population Study of ChINese Elderly were used. Respondents were asked if their spouse, children/grandchildren, siblings, close relatives, and friends had died. Widowhood was associated with more loneli...

The health and social benefits of volunteering behaviours by older adults are well acknowledged. However, few review articles have been concerned with the correlates/dimensions of older adults’ volunteerism. Some focused only on the North American context or reviewed studies only up to 2008. This study reviewed the recent global literature in the p...

This study provides a cross-national perspective to apply Cumulative Dis/Advantage (CDA) in explaining health inequality between developing and developed countries in the context of Welfare State Theory. Cross-sectional data from the international Health Retirement Study (United States, China, Mexico, and England) in 2013–2014 were used (n = 97,978...

Cumulative Dis/Advantage (CDA) theory concerns how societal structure influences individual developmental and health trajectory across the life span, but few studies have applied CDA in the international setting with gender comparisons. This study provides a cross-national perspective to test CDA in explaining health inequality between developing a...

Background: With the rapid growth of the elderly population and public health challenges in China, concerns arise related to disability associated with activities of daily living (ADLs) and alcohol consumption status. This study assesses the relationships of alcohol consumption status with basic daily activities among Chinese older adults. Methods...

Compared with policy related to child abuse, older adult protection policy developed later and made slower progress in the United States of America. Few studies have addressed older adult protection policy. This paper compares the two policies and provides implications about how to improve older adult protection policy by emulating child protection...

The shared resource hypothesis suggests that married couples share the same environmental resources, which shape their health concordance. This study tests its cross‐national applicability. Cross‐sectional 2012–2013 Health and Retirement Study data from China, England, Mexico, and the United States were analyzed. Heterosexual couples (age ≥60) who...

This study explores the associations of retirement, and of public and private pensions, with older adults’ depressive symptoms by comparing differences between countries and age groups. Harmonized data were analyzed from the family of Health and Retirement Study in 2012–2013 from China, England, Mexico, and the United States (n = 97,978). Responden...

Previous studies have shown positive effects of retirement on older adults’ health with age-associated variation. Socioeconomic status is associated with older adults’ health, but few studies have discussed the effect of pension types. This study explores the effects of retirement, and of public and private pensions, on older adults’ mental health...