Pedro A. Fuertes-Olivera

University of Valladolid | UVA · Department of English Philology

In 2014, the International Centre for Lexicography, a research group at Valladolid signed a contract with Ordbogen A/S (a Danish language technology company) and the University of Valladolid for developing a lexicographic project, the so-called Diccionarios Valladolid-UVa (Fuertes-Olivera 2019 and 2022a, b; Fuertes-Olivera et al, 2018; Tarp and Fue...

According to Fuertes-Olivera and Tarp (2020), lexicography is being currently shaped by three related tendencies: (a) the increasing use of disruptive technologies; (b) the necessity of finding new business models that can finance new lexicographic projects; and (c) the existence of growing competition from other information sources, e.g. Google. T...

This study highlights the fact that dictionaries are ideological texts that are very influential, because millions of people regard them as sources of authority. It shows that existing general dictionaries of Spanish are so gender-biased that they contribute to the upholding of unfair situations, for example, by making women invisible and maintaini...

This article analyzes the possibility of making dictionaries that take into consideration the mental lexicon, i.e. words do not work in isolation; instead, they are dynamic constructs that are activated, stored, processed and retrieved gradually. For that, it proposes several general lexicographical and methodological ideas and illustrates them ref...

A definitive guide to the long tradition of lexicography, this handbook is a rigorous and systematic overview of the field and its recent developments. Featuring key topics, research areas, new directions and a manageable guide to beginning and developing research in the field, this one-volume reference provides both a survey of current research an...

The paper initially discusses some of the challenges posed to contemporary lexicography and stresses the need to move upstream in the value chain to guarantee future work. Today’s lexicographers must accept that their product par excellence is not dictionaries, but lexicographical data that can either be presented to the users in the form of dictio...

Specialized lexicography in graphic engineering has never had a tool in dictionary format that facilitates knowledge acquisition for students and meets their specific lexicographic needs in a technical university context. This paper presents an initial lemma list for a Spanish dictionary in the field of graphic engineering. The Delphi method has be...

This paper advocates the convergence of terminology and lexicography, and illustrates this view by presenting some of the steps taken for incorporating terminological resources and ideas in an online dictionary portal that is being constructed at the University of Valladolid (Spain). This dictionary portal contains several dictionary types, was des...

This chapter reviews the traditional concept of multilingual lexicography and offers some examples of traditionally conceived multilingual lexicographic projects that are abundant in the era of the Internet: IATE; The Logos Dictionary; The Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana Multilingüe. Our analysis shows that this traditional approach is erroneous...

This book compares the working of gener stereotypes in English and Spanish.

Second part of the book. It compares the working of gender stereotypes in English and Spanish

Integrated dictionary portals such as the Diccionarios Valladolid-UVa are reference tools prepared by the same team and equipped with Dictionary Writing Systems that consists of editors, databases, Web interfaces, management tools, and a kind of dictionary grammar which specifies a common structure for all the dictionaries of the portal. They were...

Los Diccionarios Valladolid-UVa son un portal lexicográfico integrado que se está construyendo en la Universidad de Valladolid gracias a un acuerdo de colaboración y financiación entre la empresa danesa Ordbogen A/S y el Centro Internacional de Lexicografía de esta universidad. El proyecto se basa en el marco teórico de la Teoría Funcional de la Le...

Los Diccionarios Valladolid-UVa son un portal lexicográfico integrado que se está construyendo en la Universidad de Valladolid gracias a un acuerdo de colaboración y financiación entre la empresa danesa Ordbogen A/S y el Centro Internacional de Lexicografía de esta universidad. El proyecto se basa en el marco teórico de la Teoría Funcional de la Le...

This contribution deals with a new digital English-Spanish-English lexicographical project that started as an assignment from the Danish high-tech company Ordbogen A/S which signed a contract with the University of Valladolid (Spain) for designing and compiling a digital lexicographical product that is economically and commercially feasible and can...

En este artículo partimos de la idea de que solo la existencia de una base lexicográfica adecuada puede ayudarnos a diseñar diccionarios de negocios capaces de ayudar a traducir textos comerciales. El tratamiento gramatical es un buen ejemplo de las diferentes posibilidades con las que cuenta el lexicógrafo. Si, como se propone en este artículo, el...

En los últimos 20 años ha aumentado el interés por la construcción de herramientas de información destinadas a ayudar a los traductores de textos especializados, por ejemplo a utilizar la terminología adecuada a la hora de traducir. En este trabajo proponemos el empleo de la teoría funcional de la lexicografía como base teórica con la que poder con...

Este artículo tiene dos objetivos fundamentales. En primer lugar, se lleva a cabo una reflexión teórica sobre el diccionario especializado y su construcción. Dicha reflexión sitúa el artículo en el marco teórico de la Teoría Funcional de la Lexicografía que, entre otras cosas, defiende que los diccionarios especializados son herramientas construida...

This chapter situates the concept of ESP within the Spanish university context, which is characterised by diversity. This means that ESP instructors must re-adapt the absolute and variable characteristics of ESP to the Spanish teaching and learning environment. A possible way to do this is to instruct learners in the use of free online dictionaries...

This paper aims to cast some light on three broad topics. Firstly, it elaborates on the concept of dictionaries as texts. Hence, they are compiled to provide assistance in several situations and are divided into sections that often represent different text types. Secondly, it defends that lexicographic equivalence is a parole phenomenon that is so...

El diccionario del español para la producción de textos es una herramienta de consulta diseñada para ayudar a un usuario tipo, por ejemplo un ser humano o un programa informático, a solucionar problemas de redacción. Este diccionario tiene en abril de 2017 alrededor de 80.000 acepciones descritas (aumenta el número de las mismas a una media de 30.0...

El artículo se sitúa en el marco teórico de la Teoría Funcional de la Lexicografía al defender que un diccionario, por ejemplo el diccionario español de definiciones que presentamos, es una herramienta de información diseñada para ayudar a un usuario tipo, por ejemplo un ser humano o un programa informático, a solucionar un problema de comprensión...

This article describes the “Dictionary of Economics” in terms of the Function Theory of Lexicography. It defends the thesis that such information tools must be designed for assisting specific users to solve the specific needs they have in a translation situation. In particular, I will focus on the solutions offered for individualising data retrieva...

This Handbook is a reference work covering key topics in lexicography. Each of its 47 chapters provides an introductory overview of an area of the field of lexicography.

This paper supports the argument that a dictionary of Economics in the broad sense of the word is any information tool that contains structured data - e.g. dictionary articles, outer texts, hyperlinks, etc. – which can be used for retrieving information on economic concepts, economic language, economic instructions, and/or economic operations. Some...

This paper initially discusses some of the consequences which the technological development has for lexicography, especially in terms of the different types of empirical basis which can be used in dictionary projects. The most important advantages and disadvantages of using the Internet as a corpus are then listed and compared to the usefulness of...

The coming of age of the internet is reshaping entire industries and even changing the very notion of organisations, firms, and so on. Within this framework, which is referred to as a Cambrian explosion (Siegele, 2014), this paper focuses on changes related with the design and construction of specialised online dictionaries. These changes focus on...

Este trabajo forma parte del trabajo realizado en el marco del proyecto financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad PALABRAS CLAVE Tecnologías del lenguaje Digitalización de contenidos Lexicografía del Nuevo Milenio Extractores terminológicos Web semántica Datos enlazados Ontologías Búsquedas conceptuales Resumen En este artículo se h...

A user-driven approach in lexicography - e.g. the function theory of lexicography (Bergenholtz & Tarp 2002, 2003, 2004; Fuertes-Olivera & Tarp 2014; Tarp 2008) - compels lexicographers to use all possible means at their disposal to improve the quality of dictionary use and to ensure an optimal retrieval of information from the lexicographical data....

European accounting terminology is dynamic as term creation occurs on national, European Union and international levels. English is the lingua franca of accounting, which influences terminologies in other languages, usually through the work of translators, e.g. the translation of existing international accounting standards. The combined influence o...

This paper introduces the function theory of lexicography, and reviews the social situation associated with teaching-learning Business English and its lexicographical implications. The basic difference between Wiegand’s general theory and the function theory of lexicography is that the latter shifts the focus from actual dictionary users and dictio...

This article describes the influence of the user needs paradigm in the construction of specialised dictionaries. It shows that this paradigm coincides with the main tenets of the function theory of lexicography, a theoretical construction that offers theoretical and practical solutions for improving the quality of specialised dictionaries. This the...

This book is the first comprehensive monograph on the Function Theory of Lexicography, which originated at the Aarhus School of Business (Aarhus University). Function Theory considers dictionaries to be tools that are constructed for assisting specific users with punctual needs in specific usage situations, e.g. communicative-oriented situations an...

This paper focuses on the role dictionaries play in a translation situation. This role is analysed in terms of the tenets of the Function Theory of Lexicography, which proposes that users do not have needs in general but punctual needs in specific situations. For example, translators of accounting texts need insertable equivalents whose meanings an...

This paper presents the theories and methods that have been used to develop a specific user-generated search route in the Spanish Accounting Dictionary, which consists in offering users the search button ENCONTRAR UN T´ERMINO. This allows users who are uncertain of the exact form of the term to be searched for, or who want to explore the data of a...

This article describes the theoretical foundation of the accounting dictionaries as well as its practical results. Furthermore, the implementation of the project shows how the constant interaction of lexicographical theory with practical dictionary work over a period of 10 years has led to lexicographical development and adaptation resulting in ong...

This paper discusses the role dictionaries play in a translation situation within the tenets of the Function Theory of Lexicography (Bergenholtz/Tarp, 2002, 2003, 2004; Tarp 2008; Fuertes-Olivera/Tarp, 2014). It comments on the lexicographic data needed for assisting translators of specialised texts, proposes a list of recommendations for construct...

En el marco de la Teoria Funcional de la Lexicografia, el diccionario especializado de internet se presenta como una herramienta realizada de forma conjunta por lexicografos y expertos en bases de datos, marketing, y venta de productos por internet. Esto hace que el diccionario especializado de internet pueda considerarse tambien un producto tipico...

Interest in specialized lexicography has been propelled both by the development of LSP communication in academic circles and by the consolidation of function-based approaches to lexicography that have identified the existence of several user types, e. g. experts, semi-experts and interested laypersons, and use situations, typically cognitive-orient...

Research on the characteristics of specialized vocabulary usually replicates studies that deal with general words, e.g. they typically describe frequent terms and focus on their linguistic characteristics to aid in the learning and acquisition of the terms. We dispute this practise, as we believe that the basic characteristic of terms is that they...

The Function Theory of Lexicography presents online dictionaries as information tools, i.e., tools that are compiled for assisting users to satisfy their punctual needs in specific usage situations. Online dictionaries are the result of cooperative work among lexicographers and experts in different fields, typically experts in Information Science,...

This paper advocates a lexicographical approach to the treatment of collocations in dictionaries. A collocation is presented as an umbrella term for referring to word combinations that are typical for the kind of language in question, and which can be useful for re-use in text production or for assisting in text translation. They are composed of tw...

This chapter offers a theoretical and practical framework for understanding the usability of free Internet dictionaries for teaching and learning Business English. The analysis, which is based on the tenets of the function theory of lexicography, and consequently elaborates on the extra-lexicographical social situation identified as teaching and le...

Metaphors have been extensively investigated since the publication of Metaphors We Live by. For example, the role metaphors play in framing political and economic discourse, the translatability of metaphors, and the different translation procedures have been the object of analysis of many researchers. This chapter adds to the current state of play...

Bilingual specialized lexicography generally aims to facilitate communication within specialized domains. Bilingual terminology, in contrast, tends to focus on recording, structuring and analyzing terms by describing differences and similarities between the language communities involved. A study shows that online terminological dictionaries for tra...

This article follows current research on English for Specific Business Purposes, which focuses on the analysis of contextualized business genres and on identifying the strategies that can be associated with effective business communication (Nickerson, 2005). It explores whether free internet dictionaries can be used for promoting effective business...

Interest in specialized lexicography has been propelled both by the development of LSP communication in academic circles and by the consolidation of function-based approaches to lexicography that have identified the existence of several user types, e.g., experts, semi-experts and interested laypersons, and use situations, typically cognitive-orient...

This article follows current research on English for Specific Business Purposes, which focuses on the analysis of contextualized business genres and on identifying the strategies that can be associated with effective business communication (Nickerson, 2005). It explores whether free internet dictionaries can be used for promoting effective business...

Con el nombre de Inglés para Fines Específicos, mas conocido por el acrónimo inglés ESP, nos referimos a la variedad de la lengua inglesa que se enseña a los estudiantes matriculados en carreras como Económicas, Turismo, Medicina e Ingenierías. Desde sus inicios hasta la fecha hemos asistido a un gran crecimiento en el número de estudiantes y curso...

Reviewed by Pedro A. Fuertes-OliveraUniversidad de Valladolid, Spain 1. INTRODUCTION The Macmillan Collocations Dictionary for Learners of English (MCD) is a monolingual print dictionary aimed primarily at helping upper-intermediate to advanced students in productive use situations, such as taking English exams (especially the IELTS exams) and work...

European accounting terminology is dynamic as term creation and formation occurs on national, European Union and international levels. Although English is the lingua franca of accounting, international accounting standards in English exist on a par with their translations into other languages. However, an analysis of online dictionaries shows that...

Los enfoques funcionales se enfrentan al desarrollo de productos lexicográficos nuevos partiendo de una mirada crítica sobre el estado actual de la lexicografía que, según los partidarios de la Teoría Funcional de la Lexicografía propuesta por Bergenholtz y Tarp (2002, 2003 y 2004; Tarp 2008 ofrece una revisión de la misma) se encuentra en una verd...

In an attempt to come to a better understanding of the concept of prototypicality, this article compares two different tools for explaining prototypes, viz. the theoretical constructs found in the literature on cognitive linguistics and claiming to describe cognitively salient models, and frequency of linguistic usage as evidenced in the UVaSTECorp...

A good lexicographical basis is needed for designing bilingual dictionaries that help users translate business texts. Many approaches have been suggested for including grammatical data in general dictionaries, but few have analysed the types of grammatical data relevant for bilingual specialised dictionaries. The theory of lexicographical functions...

This article attempts to give a critical review of Javier Herrero Ruiz’s Understanding Tropes. At a Crossroads between Pragmatics and Cognition. It evaluates the book in view of the available literature dealing with the trend towards empiricism adopted by Cognitive Linguistics. It also focuses on the main hypothesis put forward, i.e., tropes such a...

This article attempts to give a critical review of Javier Herrero Ruiz’s Understanding Tropes. At a Crossroads between Pragmatics and Cognition. It evaluates the book in view of the available literature dealing with the trend towards empiricism adopted by Cognitive Linguistics. It also focuses on the main hypothesis put forward, i.e., tropes such a...

The function theory of lexicography argues that specialised lexicographical products must help learners to transform their information needs into aspects of knowledge of the discipline, and of its discursive properties. Lexicographers, then, must combine information and data access with the user's need for information and knowledge. To achieve this...

Politeness is an important element in interlingual business communication. Translators uae bilingual dictionaries as tools helping them in business discourse across cultures, but dictionaries do not contain the relevant pragmatic information. The functions of dictionaries are used to determine which pragmatic information types are needed when trans...

Con este artículo ofrecemos una visión de la lexicografía desde la perspectiva de la teoría funcional, que defiende que la lexicografía es la teoría y práctica de las herramientas de uso que facilitan un acceso rápido al tipo específico de datos de los cuales un tipo específico de usuarios puede extraer el tipo específico de información que le perm...

This article investigates lexical gender in specializedcommunication.The key method of analysis is that of forms of address, professional titles and ‘generic man’ in a 10 million word corpus of written Business English. After a brief introduction and literature review on both gender in specialized communication and similar corpus-based views of lex...

This paper investigates the methodological convenience of a critical cognitive–pragmatic approach to gender metaphors in Advertising English. We begin by reviewing recent research in cognitive linguistics, pragmatics and critical discourse analysis (CDA) with regard to advertising metaphors and gender, then proceed to characterize advertising gende...

This paper claims that scents, alone and/or in combination with visual and/or verbal support, are made to function metaphorically in ads since they symbolize something different (i.e., sexuality, romanticism, etc.) from the physical odor directly conveyed by each fragrance (i.e., floral, woody, oriental, etc.). Drawing on Lakoff and Johnson's asser...

Resumen La traducción de las Convenciones y las Leyes Modelo, documentos prototípicos emitidos por las Naciones Unidas en relación con la legislación reguladora del Comercio Internacional, constituye un caso de documentos iguales. Éstos muestran una gran dependencia entre el texto en lengua origen y el texto en lengua meta. Este artículo analiza a...

In this article, I intend to marshal evidence in order to advocate the leading role that English philologists are called to play in the analysis of specialized communication. Considering that University Degrees are being adapted to accommodate to Bologna guidelines, English philologists, for example, could incorporate into their more traditional fi...